“两型社会”背景下长株潭城市群土地利用效率评价

在分析“两型社会”建设与土地利用效率提高之间关系的基础上,构建了“两型社会”背景下的长株潭城市群土地利用效率评价指标体系,并运用熵权法、多目标线性加权函数法和协调度分析等方法对长株潭城市群的土地利用效率进行评价,结果表明：影响城市群土地利用效率提高的主要因素与“两型社会”要求相符,但城市群目前土地利用的整体效率较低,与“两型社会”要求仍有差距;城市群土地利用效率存在一定的区域差异,其中经济效率的差异最大,生态环境效率次之,社会效率和资源集约效率的差异较小,且综合效率在空间上呈以长株潭3市向周边地区递减的格局．     

西北地区建立节水型社会的对策研究

西北地区是我国水资源最为缺乏的地区之一,水资源短缺和利用不合理已成为该地区经济社会可持续发展的主要障碍。本文通过对西北地区水资源及其利用现状的分析和评价,提出实现该地区水资源可持续利用的关键是建立节水型社会,而建立节水型社会的重点在于建立、健全水资源的行政管理体制、市场运行机制和法制体系;建立科学合理的用水指标体系;大力调整农业产业结构。逐步形成节水型农业种植体系;大力调整工业产业结构。逐步建立节水型的工业体系。     

从城市建设角度浅谈无障碍设计的要求

社会老龄化和对社会弱势群体的关爱是我国目前城市建设所面临的一个重要问题,也是社会文明进步的标志。笔者就在城市建设中为什么应重视无障碍设计和如何进行无障碍设计,为老年人、残疾人提供与健康公民一样的平等权利和生活环境,最大限度地减少他们对别人的依赖,满足他们自立、自尊的心理要求,达到共享社会进步成果做一些探讨。     

快速城市化进程中的区域剥夺行为与调控路径

伴随我国工业化进程和城市化进程的不断加快, 中国已进入快速城市化发展时期, 快速城市化进程中衍生出了一系列区域剥夺行为, 这种行为主要是指强势群体和强势区域基于区域与区域之间的空间位置关系, 借助政策空洞和行政强制手段掠夺弱势群体和弱势区域的资源、资金、技术、人才、项目、政策偏好、生态、环境容量, 转嫁各种污染等的一系列不公平、非合理的经济社会活动行为; 这些区域剥夺行为具有强制性、垄断性、层次性、等级性和貌似合理性等基本特征; 区域剥夺的内容包括对土地、水、资源、生态环境容量、资金、人才、技术、劳动力、重大建设项目甚至政策等的剥夺; 政策空洞与调控失控形成的剥夺惯性, 利益驱动形成的剥夺动力和弱势群体透支形成的剥夺温床是产生区域剥夺行为的主要成因; 剥夺的后果表现为空间开发失调、资源配置失衡、政策调控能力受限甚至失效以及和谐社会建设步伐延缓。最后从意识形态、政策制定、制度建设、空间扩散和和谐发展等五大方面提出了中国快速城市化进程中消减区域剥夺行为的路径选择。     

地域主体功能区划理论与方法的初步研究

在对地域主体功能区划的理论依据与原则等进行深入分析的基础上,提出通过生态敏感性等级分区与经济社会发展综合潜力等级分区的空间叠置与地域聚类分析,进行地域主体功能区划的理论方法。并以江苏省新沂市为案例,进行地域主体功能区划实证研究,验证了所提出的地域主体功能区划理论方法的可行性。     

山水实景演出的空间生产研究:以《桃花源记》实景演出为例

实景演出是国内旅游开发中文化旅游融合的典范.基于旅游表演理论和空间生产理论,通过参与观察和深度访谈等研究方法,以《桃花源记》为案例,探讨实景演出的空间生产机制,得出结论如下:①以桃花源景区和演出公司为主导,改造生产出物质空间,构成白天的景区游览空间;②通过灯光、音效、烟雾的效果将夜间的景区空间分割为前台和后台,在前台游...     

老龄化背景下候鸟旅游移民迁移驱动力 ——以三亚为例

以三亚为例,基于对256位候鸟旅游移民的实地调研,采用因子分析及方差分析等方法,探讨了候鸟旅游移民迁移驱动力的结构、强度及群体差异.结果表明:1)三亚候鸟旅游移民经济收入和文化水平相对较高,但也存在显著的内部差异;2)三亚候鸟旅游移民迁移驱动力由风景环境、社会资本、社会象征、城市服务、生活方式、家庭氛围及健康养生等7个...     

Sexism in the postcolonial society of Mauritius: The role of metropolisation and communalism

Sexism as a variety of prejudice is widely addressed as a severe social problem for society owing to its quality of establishing various forms of inequality. However, sexism is a rather neglected issue in geography especially concerning the global South. The postcolonial island state of Mauritius, agrarian-oriented and socially conservative but well integrated in global value chains, shows the unique combination of a strong paternalistic form of inward ethnic orientation, characteristic for most postcolonial states, combined with a minor tendency for metropolisation, which makes the island state worthwhile for the further development of generic theories of sexism in general. The paper analyses relevant predictors of sexism in Mauritius that can be useful in informing approaches that focus especially north/south differences of gender inequality. It becomes apparent that mechanisms of sexism in Mauritius are in most dimensions the same as the mechanisms found in the global North. Communalism and absent metropolisation remain significant, yet other important predictors are sex, life satisfaction, withholding citizen rights to foreign wives of Mauritian men, and xenophobic attitudes. These results point in the direction of the necessity to think in new ways about attitudinal differences of societies in the global North/South especially in postcolonial contexts.     

Global civil society? The Johannesburg World Summit on Sustainable Development

In the face of mounting environmental degradation and persistent poverty over the previous decade, Johannesburg’s World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) of August and September 2002 inherited a number of unmet accords from the 1992 Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit. Consequently, the United Nations Stakeholder Forum Implementation Conference (IC) was convened to integrate civil society stakeholders into global deliberations on sustainable development and to marshal their forces in the implementation of WSSD accords. Given the importance of the IC as the first civil society forum at a major global summit on environment and poverty, intriguing questions emerge as to its effectiveness in achieving civil society objectives. As a first attempt in exploring this topic, we examine three fundamental aspects of the IC. Specifically, we examine the relative “civility” of the IC forum in terms of (a) fidelity of representation of the community of global environment and development stakeholders; (b) autonomy of the IC agenda from state and institutional interests; and (c) interpretations of space and place as reflected in deliberative processes and outcomes. The paper begins with a review of the civil society literature with a particular emphasis on civil society representation in UN meetings since Rio. The paper concludes with a discussion of IC participation at the Johannesburg summit, and considers implications for future civil society participation in global decision-making forums.     

A political ecology of maladaptation: Insights from a Gramscian theory of the State

This article analyzes a political process in the aftermath of a disaster and explains why and how it led to maladaptation. Grounding Gramsci’s theory of the State on a case of post-disaster response to a fatal mudslide in the city of Sarno in Italy, this research argues that, under certain conditions, civil society and the ruling classes may coalesce to produce policies that are maladaptive. We unpack the mechanisms through which consent was reproduced in Sarno, and show how the claims of civil society were articulated and fused with the hegemonic goals of capital circulation and economic growth, reaffirming a view of government as only a provider of safety. A Gramscian treatment of the State as a process, and not as a thing, highlights that the main barrier to adaptation is not the lack of techno-managerial solutions. It is the lack of political struggle around the social reconfiguration of the logic and functions of the State.