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181.
《Geoforum》2017
Mobilities in settler states have become a defining feature of indigenous spatiality. This is mainly due to the structural disadvantage of indigenous communities in relation to urban locations. In Israel, Palestinian citizens are relocating to Jewish cities because of systemic discrimination, primarily in the allocation of land and housing construction permits in Arab locales. Yet, as this paper shows, their movement is neither unidirectional nor an one-time event, but ongoing and circular. Able to enjoy only certain economic and social rights in indigenous spaces and other rights in settler spaces, Palestinian citizens continuously commute between the two. Utilizing a human rights based approach, the paper unpacks Palestinian mobility practices to illuminate a lacuna in the literature, which has overlooked the quest for rights as a driving force of indigenous mobilities. The paper further demonstrates that circular mobilities become a generative act that connects the settler city to neighboring localities in a way that undermines the separation between ‘Jewish’ and ‘Palestinian’ spaces, and collapses the distinction between the ‘urban’ and ‘regional.’ Rather than attempting to integrate within the city, Palestinians incorporate the city within their own ethno-regional topography, thereby asserting their presence and a claim to the city-space itself. 相似文献
182.
There is plenty of forests in Northeast China which contributes a lot to the conservation of water and land resources, produces timber products, and provides habitats for a huge number of wild animals and plants. With changes of socio-economic factors as well as the geophysical conditions, there are dramatic changes on the spatial patterns of forest area. In this sense, it is of great significance to shed light on the dynamics of forest area changes to find the underlining reasons for shaping the changing patterns of forest area in Northeast China. To explore the dynamics of forest area change in Northeast China, an econometric model is developed which is composed of three equations identifying forestry production, conversion from open forest to closed forest and conversion from other land uses to closed forest so as to explore the impacts on the forest area changes from demographic, social, economic, location and geophysical factors. On this basis, we employ the Dynamics of Land System (DLS) model to simulate land-use conversions between forest area and non-forest cover and the land-use conversions within the sub-classes of forest area for the period 2000–2020 under business as usual scenario, environmental protection scenario and economic growth scenario. The simulation results show that forest area will expand continuously and there exist various kinds of changing patterns for the sub-classes of forest area, for example, closed forest will expand continuously and open forest and shrub will decrease a little bit, while area of other forest will keep intact. The research results provide meaningful decision-making information for conserving and exploiting the forest resources and making out the planning for forestry production in the Northeast China region. 相似文献
183.
社会物理学视角下中国农村工业时空演化——以河南省芝田村为例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以五次实地调研为基础,对农村工业从民国初期至今进行阶段划分并总结其阶段特征;运用折射定律、万有引力定律定量分析工农效率及折射率,验证了微观尺度上可以反映更大尺度运行状况的理论假设。结果表明:(1)工业相对于农业有更高的效率。(2)引力与距中心村(镇)二次方正相关。(3)波动伴随工业发展的整个过程。国家政策在早期起主导作用;随着时间发展,外界经济环境逐渐成为决定性因素。(4)私有企业比集体企业折射率高是集体企业改制的主要原因,但前者承受经济风险的能力明显低于后者。(5)工农折射率与企业规模呈正相关。(6)企业组织效率:集群>集聚>分散。产业集群是农村工业发展的方向。在工业发展的初期,效率与企业规模之间存在指数增长关系,但随着向更高阶段的演进,将产生自我抑制作用。 相似文献
184.
珠江三角洲世界工厂的非正规职业中介及其作用——以广东省东莞市塘厦镇为例 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
国内外现有研究认为,农民工的求职渠道非常单一,主要依赖社会关系网络。本文选取典型的珠江三角洲世界工厂所在地——广东省东莞市塘厦镇为案例,对非正规职业中介机构进行了深入调查研究。发现非正规中介机构在农民工的求职过程中发挥着重要作用,帮助农民工实现灵活、即时的就业,其存在是在我国转型期市场改革不断深入的背景下,企业/工厂的用工需求、农民工的求职需要、中介机构的逐利目的和地方政府的宽容态度共同作用的结果。非正规职业中介机构是市场动力作用下的新型农民工非正规求职渠道,是原有的社会关系网络求职渠道的延伸。研究表明,在现阶段中国城市化过程中,非正规的动力在解决农民工求职乃至城市化过程中具有重要的作用。 相似文献
185.
转型期中国城镇居民住房类型分化及其影响因素——基于CGSS (2005) 的分析 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
转型时期我国城镇居民主要通过市场竞争机制和科层分配体制来获取个人住房,获取稀缺的住房资源的途径和机会的差异在一定程度上反映了住房不平等和社会分化。处于体制转型时期的中国城镇,制度、市场和家庭因素等多重因素相互交织,共同影响中国城镇居民住房选择。以覆盖全国88 个城镇的《中国综合社会调查(CGSS)》(2005 年城镇部分) 调查资料为基础,本文分析了转型背景下中国城镇居民住房类型分化及其影响因素,研究发现:改革 开放30 多年以来,中国城镇的住房自有率大幅度提高,其主要原因从1998 年前的公房房改政策向1998 年后住房市场化政策转变。家庭生命周期、家庭收入、户籍、单位性质、职业等变 量显著影响住房选择,体现市场与制度对住房资源分配的双重影响。经济发达地区由于住房资源紧缺、住房价格高,居民住房承受能力差异较大,工作单位性质、户籍和家庭生命周期变量对住房选择的影响更显著。随着住房市场化进一步发展和住房制度改革的逐步深入,地方政府应逐步放宽社会住房的享受标准,尤其是户籍限制条件;开发商应更关注社会经济快 速转型背景下的家庭结构变化及其对居住偏好的影响。 相似文献
186.
中国东北地区林地面积变化的动态模拟 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
There is plenty of forests in Northeast China which contributes a lot to the conservation of water and land resources, produces timber products, and provides habitats for a huge number of wild animals and plants. With changes of socio-economic factors as well as the geophysical conditions, there are dramatic changes on the spatial patterns of forest area. In this sense, it is of great significance to shed light on the dynamics of forest area changes to find the underlining reasons for shaping the changing patterns of forest area in Northeast China. To explore the dynamics of forest area change in Northeast China, an econometric model is developed which is composed of three equations identifying forestry production, conversion from open forest to closed forest and conversion from other land uses to closed forest so as to explore the impacts on the forest area changes from demographic, social, economic, location and geophysical factors. On this basis, we employ the Dynamics of Land System (DLS) model to simulate land-use conversions between forest area and non-forest cover and the land-use conversions within the sub-classes of forest area for the period 2000–2020 under business as usual scenario, environmental protection scenario and economic growth scenario. The simulation results show that forest area will expand continuously and there exist various kinds of changing patterns for the sub-classes of forest area, for example, closed forest will expand continuously and open forest and shrub will decrease a little bit, while area of other forest will keep intact. The research results provide meaningful decision-making information for conserving and exploiting the forest resources and making out the planning for forestry production in the Northeast China region. 相似文献
187.
通过对地质资料社会化服务的认识,探讨目前这方面存在的普遍性问题,认为有必要加强地质资料社会服务工作的宣传与管理,并提出相关意见与建议。 相似文献
188.
As Chinese cities rapidly transformed themselves into consumerist societies, the relationship between consumers and consumption
space under stratification has become a new research area in the field of urban social geography. Based on a consumer behavior
analysis, this study explores the relationship between consumption space and the social strata of consumers in typical shopping
malls in Guangzhou where the first shopping mall in China was built. The result shows that shopping malls have performed significant
constructive functions of organizing consumers from different social classes into different consumption space. For middle-
and upper-class consumers, the function of shopping malls centers on utilitarian consumption, identity recognition, and identity
construction; whereas for lower-class consumers, its function revolves around pleasure and enjoyment. The symbolism of consumption
space is the underlying reason for shopping malls to have their social constructive function. The findings of this research
suggest that: 1) a shopping mall is a productive consumption space and a geographical space with subjectivity; 2) the micro-location
of a shopping mall has social construction function; and 3) symbolic consumption is the core of social construction. 相似文献
189.
Social capital has played an increasingly important role in regional development. China is a country with high stocks of social
capital. Using several different indicators of social capital, this study tries to research the regional disparities in social
capital and the influence of social capital on economic growth of China in 1978–2004. Measuring social capital with indicators
of associations, charities and blood donation rates, this study finds significant regional disparities in social capital at
provincial level in China. Those indicators for social capital are highly correlated with regional economic performance. Statistical
analysis shows that social capital has a significant and positive effect on a long-term provincial economic growth. This relationship
exists after controlling policy, macro location factors, and per capita GDP in the initial year. The empirical findings indicate
that institutions, culture and social relations are critical for regional development in China. Therefore, the creation and
support of social capital should be paid more attention to when making regional policy. 相似文献
190.
西方乡村性研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在梳理20世纪60年代以来乡村性研究的社会、学术背景的基础上,聚焦于乡村性的社会建构流派及其对中国乡村转型与乡村地理研究的启示。社会建构流派将乡村性看作是社会、文化建构的过程与产物而非先存的事实,重点关注乡村转型过程中的权力关系与差异性。由描述性流派、乡土流派向社会建构流派的过渡可以看作是从关注乡村性物质层面转向想象层面,由追求乡村性的本体、核心机制向探索乡村性的认识论问题,也就是从追求“乡村性是什么”到研究“不同社会群体如何认识乡村性”“不同社会群体多样化的乡村性话语和体验”。而目前的中国乡村性研究主要关注乡村性指标及其模型建构,相关研究对于各级政府全面地了解现存的乡村问题并合理地制定乡村发展、复兴政策规划具有重要的实践意义。在西方乡村研究中,乡村性指标由于暗含线性发展观、无法解读乡村变迁的机制和过程而饱受批判。在中国乡村急剧变迁的今天,现代化乡村发展话语占据着主导地位,而在这一过程中不公平的权力关系和霸权话语对部分农村、农民的边缘化基本没有提及。在这种社会与学术背景下,乡村性社会建构流派对于解构乡村性主导话语、揭示乡村变迁过程中的权力关系及不同社会群体间利益冲突与协商具有重要意义。 相似文献