不同温度和沙埋深度对砂生槐种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

在沙地环境中,沙埋是影响植物种子萌发和幼苗存活的一个重要因素。砂生槐是西藏特有的沙生植物,主要分布在雅鲁藏布江中游地区及拉萨河、年楚河等主要支流宽谷区。对砂生槐幼苗进行了控制沙埋试验,研究了不同温度和沙埋深度对砂生槐种子萌发特性的影响。结果表明,温度和沙埋深度显著影响砂生槐种子的萌发率和出苗率。在15～30 ℃的温度范围内,随着温度的升高,种子萌发率显著下降,15 ℃时,其种子萌发率达到最高值;砂生槐种子能在深度≤10 cm的沙埋中萌发,≤8 cm的沙埋中出苗,在此范围内,随着沙埋深度的增加,砂生槐种子的萌发率和出苗率逐渐降低。沙埋深度在植株高度的33％时,砂生槐幼苗能够存活,且总生物量大于未沙埋幼苗;当沙埋深度增至植株高度的66％时,砂生槐幼苗存活率降至43％,生长受到抑制;而当沙埋深度增至植株高度的100％和133％时,没有砂生槐幼苗存活。可见砂生槐植株在适应沙埋环境方面主要采用调整生物量分配模式的生态对策。     

基于改进RANSAC算法的复杂建筑物屋顶点云分割

屋顶模型重建影响到建筑物完整模型重建质量,屋顶面点云分割质量对屋顶模型重建具有重要意义.针对传统RANSAC算法在屋顶点云面片分割时易产生错分割、过分割等问题,本文顾及点云位置信息,提出一种对点云重新分配的改进RANSAC点云分割算法.算法暂时剔除非平面内点,选取平面内点集中3个点作为初始样本,平面拟合判定邻域是否有效...     

Women and seed management: A study of two villages in Bangladesh

Seed management has until recently been neglected in agrobiodiversity research. Gender dimensions in seed selection, processing, storage and exchange embody critical task areas in the human management of diverse crop species and varieties. This paper focuses on women's roles in seed management in field and homegarden crops in Bangladesh and reports on the findings of a study in two villages in Tangail District. Seventy-five women were surveyed with a questionnaire and subsets interviewed in-depth; focus groups conducted for women and men provided a means of cross-checking responses. Three distinct areas of agrobiodiversity were addressed: the gendered divisions of labour among agricultural tasks; the pervasiveness of seed saving among respondents; and seed management practices and techniques. The results indicate that while men have greater authority over field activities, homegarden production is the exclusive domain of women. Seed management is seen as an extension of women's domestic duties: women are responsible for all seed processing, storage and exchange for field as well as homegarden crops. The vast majority of seeds sown are saved on-farm by women, revealing important cultural, economic and environmental implications for agrobiodiversity conservation and local differences.     

重庆喀斯特地区土地覆被类型对土壤特征的影响

1 Introduction The karst region of Southwest China, with Guizhou Province as the center, extends across Yunnan Province, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Sichuan Province, Chongqing, western Hunan Province, Hubei Province, and Guangdong Province, coveri…     

绿洲农户生产效率差异评价及改进策略——以张掖市制种玉米为例

绿洲农业是中国西北干旱区农业的精华,面临自然要素稀缺和生态环境脆弱的双重限制。基于制种玉米种植农户数据,在采用数据包络分析法（DEA）测算生产效率的基础上,依据测算结果对冗余投入要素进行改进模拟,得出以下结论：该地区制种玉米生产效率均值为0.863 3,且小规模农地效率值最高,大规模农地效率值最低。针对冗余投入要素的改进模拟后,提出了主要针对贡献率高的生产要素优化的建议。     

光照、温度和盐分对囊果碱蓬种子萌发的影响

囊果碱蓬种子在3种光照、5个温度梯度和5个盐分梯度条件下萌发,测定种子萌发的最佳条件。结果表明：在光照和黑暗条件下,种子萌发率无显著差异。种子萌发的最适温度为30℃。随NaCl浓度增高囊果碱蓬种子萌发率降低,直至为零。不同温度和盐分以及二者的交互作用对囊果碱蓬种子萌发的影响都是极显著的。在最适温度时,种子耐盐临界值为488．89mmol／L,极限值为933．34mmol／L。     

西北荒漠区6种珍稀濒危植物的种子微形态特征

首次报道了我国沙区6种珍稀濒危植物的种子微形态结构的光镜及扫描电镜观察结果。实验结果表明:沙冬青、四合木、半日花等6种珍稀濒危植物的种子微形态特征呈现出丰富的多样性,且大多具有复杂精细的表面纹饰。     

A GIS-based method for flooded area calculation and damage evaluation

Using geographic information system to study flooded area and damage evaluation has been a hotspot in environmental disaster research for years. In this paper, a model for flooded area calculation and damage evaluation is presented. Flooding is divided into two types: ‘source flood’ and ‘non-source flood’. The source-flood area calculation is based on seed spread algorithm. The flood damage evaluation is calculated by overlaying the flooded area range with thematic maps and relating the result to other social and economic data. To raise the operational efficiency of the model, a skipping approach is used to speed seed spread algorithm and all thematic maps are converted to raster format before overlay analysis. The accuracy of flooded area calculation and damage evaluation is mainly dependent upon the resolution and precision of the digital elevation model (DEM) data, upon the accuracy of registering all raster layers, and upon the quality of economic information. This model has been successfully used in the Zhejiang Province Comprehensive Water Management Information System developed by the authors. The applications show that this model is especially useful for most counties of China and other developing countries.     

晚二叠世种籽化石—新属种的发掘与建立

本文根据桐庐县瑶琳镇和平村上二叠统雾林山组（相当于龙潭组）剖面第⑨层中发现的一种奇待的种子化石，经标本描述鉴定，确认其为种子化石的新属种，而建立的奇丽桐庐籽（新属、新种）Tonglucarpusspectabilisgen.etsp.nov,归于晚二叠世。     

土地利用方式对岩溶山地土壤种子库的影响

本文从种类组成、种子数量、生态优势度、物种多样性、种子分布规律和物种相似性等方面比较了重庆市岩溶低山10种不同土地利用系统的土壤种子库特点，10种土地利用类型包括耕地、弃耕地、果园、灌草坡、人工林和次生林。结果表明，研究区种子以草本为主，随土利用强度增加，种子类和数量减少，与地面农田杂草相似性增加，土壤种子库出质和量方面的锐减。从土壤种子角度说明研究区生态退化严重。