论滑坡学

滑坡学可分为理论滑坡学和应用滑坡学．前者的分支有：滑坡发生学、滑坡运动学、滑坡组构学、滑坡形态学、滑坡断代－周期学、滑坡分类学、滑坡分布学、滑坡制图学、滑坡编目学和滑坡数据库系统等．应用滑坡学含滑坡研究方法论、技术手段和滑坡防御工程等．     

论地球系统科学与可持续发展战略科学基础（Ⅰ）

地球系统科学是可持续发展战略的科学。它脱胎于气候系统研究，跨越一系一自然与社会科学，将全球变化与区域变化冶为一炉，所涵差的时间数十年至一二百年，在此时间尺度内，所涵盖的对象基本上是大气、海洋与陆地以及介于其间的物质能量交换过程。陆地最重要、最复杂、受人类活动的影响亦最大，目前未知数亦最多。宜先在跨学科的综合工作上多下功夫，积极推动地系统研究。     

Numerical algorithm for the dynamic analysis of base-isolated structures with dry friction

This paper deals with the techniques for solving ordinary differential equations with essential nonlinearity arising from the representation of frictional force by the sign function of the relative velocity. This problem is connected with dynamic behavior studies of base-isolated structures with dry friction devices.Mathematical evidence is presented concerning the inaccuracies of the solution which are connected with the representation of the frictional force by the sign function. An approximation of this sign model is made on the basis of the appropriate linearization of a small part of the frictional force function. A numerical algorithm for the dynamic analysis of base-isolated structures with dry friction is proposed. Numerical tests are carried out for establishing the exactness of the proposed techniques. The obtained results prove the accuracy of the techniques.     

Investigation on the geological and geotechnical factors leading to a major slope failure at a selected site on a Jordanian highway

During and after the very wet 1991/1992 winter experienced in Jordan, significant slope failures occurred along several sections of the new Irbid-Amman highway in Jordan. The topography over most of the route is hilly, and significant amounts of cut and fill were used to construct the highway. One such slope failure lies at 44+800 km on the highway south of Jerash City at a distance of about 5.0 km from Wadi Zerqa bridge. A landslide occurred downslope of the highway embankment resulting in a collapse of the most of the gabbion wall supporting the embankment. This paper deals with the overall stability of the slope at 44+800 km. It presents the geological and geotechnical studies carried out at this site, identifies the causes and mechanism of instability, and presents appropriate remedial measures. The study concluded that the landslide movement occurred within the colluvium material. It resulted primarily from excess piezometric pressures generated within the slope as a direct consequence of inadequate drainage. It is recommended to reconstruct the entire gabbion wall with its foundation seated on the sandstone that underlies the colluvium and to install a surface drainage system at the site.     

典型类比分析法的原理与实践

本文以我国隧道工程应用新奥法的典型工程经验和原位测试资料为基础,综合应用系统科学、工程地质力学和岩石力学方法,阐述在隧道工程锚喷支护设计与施工中,普及应用围岩稳定分析预测技术的原理和方法典型类比分析法的提出、原理框架与工程验证。     

Natural hazards in British Columbia: an interdisciplinary and inter-institutional challenge

 Although British Columbia experiences many natural hazards, there is as yet no unified policy to promote natural hazard management in the province. The problem is not in the quantity and quality of geoscience assessment of natural hazards, but instead, it is suggested, in the isolation of that work from broader risk perspectives and in the lack of clarity of division of responsibilities between various levels of government. The example of recent changes in perception of the terrain stability problem illustrates how natural hazard problems are driven by social and political priorities rather than by geoscience priorities. Received: 22 November 1998 / Accepted: 22 November 1998     

纳米科技与粘土矿物学研究的思考

纳米科技已在地学领域取得了重要研究成果。粘土矿物学在材料科学中占有重要的地位,有必要建立“纳米粘土矿物学”这一学科,其研究手段与纳米科技一致,研究内容主要包括：纳米粘土矿物微粒矿物学、纳米粘土矿物体系物理学、纳米粘土矿物化学、纳米粘土矿物材料学和纳米粘土矿物加工学。本文进一步对纳米粘土矿物的检测方法和检测标准、聚合物／纳米粘土矿物复合材料的产业化提出了思考。