层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿床的高精度磁测定位技术研究

对鄂尔多斯盆地东北部3片测区进行地面高精度磁测试验研究成果显示,层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿找矿目的层中的氧化带大致对应于磁异常的正值区,还原带大致对应于磁异常的负值区,而氧化一还原过渡带大致对应于磁异常从正值向负值过渡的零值区附近,显示高精度磁测对层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿定位的有效性。     

松辽盆地北部中——深层砂岩的次生孔隙研究

松辽盆地北部中——深层砂岩的次生孔隙主要是由不稳定的骨架颗粒组分溶解而成,按结构系列,次生孔隙可划分为八种类型。斜长石的溶解是造成次生孔隙的主要原因,它可以在埋藏浅处开始溶解,在1000-1500m 深处溶解变得集中和剧烈。钾长石的溶解一般发生在埋藏较深处。钾长石溶解和浊沸石溶解大大丰富了深层砂岩的孔、渗条件。次生孔隙的形成不仅取决于酸性介质环境,而偏碱性的孔隙溶液对长石的溶解亦具有重要意义。     

甘肃兰州黄河北岸疏松砂岩成因

广泛分布于甘肃兰州黄河北岸红城以东至皋兰以西一带的桔红色疏松砂岩体几乎全由石英颗粒组成,对其研究不仅具有较高的经济价值,而且对于了解中国西北地区干旱环境演变具有极其重要的意义。长期以来,该层砂岩的成因问题一直备受中外地质学家的关注。为此,针对该层疏松砂岩,通过野外沉积构造描述、室内颗粒分析试验及扫描电镜分析等方法,分别从沉积构造、粒度及石英颗粒表面形态特征等方面对其成因进行分析。研究结果表明,兰州黄河北岸水阜乡至曹家湾一带疏松砂岩水平层理沉积特征明显,砂岩粒度累积曲线具有典型水成特性,石英颗粒表面可见比较发育的贝壳状断口及因溶蚀作用而导致的鳞片状剥落等水下沉积特征;朱家井至红城一带疏松砂岩中风成板状斜层理沉积特征明显,其粒度累积曲线具有典型风成特性,石英颗粒表面可见比较发育的麻面、蝶形坑等风成特征。该层砂岩并非单纯的风成或水成,其成因具区域性。     

Architectural Units and Groundwater Resource Quantity Evaluation of Cretaceous Sandstones in the Ordos Basin, China

Sandstone is a common lithology in a number of groundwater reservoirs. Studying the skeleton sandstone architectural units, therefore, lays the basis for characterizing aquifer systems, groundwater quality, and resource evaluation. This comprehensive analysis of Cretaceous aquiferous sandstones in the Ordos basin, China, shows that there exists a basin-scale skeleton sandstone in the Luohe Formation which contains 11 isolated barrier beds, 12 small skeleton sandstone bodies in Huanhe Formation, and 3 in the Luohandong Formation. The spatial structure and superimposed relationship as well as the medium properties of these skeleton sandstones and isolated barrier beds can be shown by 3D visualization models. Simultaneously, resource quantity can be evaluated with the 3D inquiry functions. The comparison between property models and structural models indicates that the salinity of groundwater of the Luohe Formation has a close connection with the locations of isolated barrier beds that contain abundant gypsum. Through quantitative calculation, groundwater resource of the Cretaceous Luohe and Luohandong formations is estimated to be 1.6×10~(12) m~3, and the total groundwater resource of the Cretaceous system in the Ordos basin is more than 2×10~(12) m~3.     

油气储层中自生伊利石K-Ar同位素年代学研究若干问题的初步探讨

对油气储层中自生伊利石K Ar体系产生影响的有关问题如砂岩岩性、伊利石 /蒙皂石间层矿物的间层比和绿泥石进行了初步试验和讨论。结果表明 :中、细砂岩的应用效果相对较好 ,粉砂岩、泥质粉砂岩则难度较大 ;I/S有序间层的应用效果相对较好 ,I/S无序间层则难度较大 ;绿泥石对自生伊利石K Ar体系测年结果的影响不明显。油气注入可能是引起伊利石成岩作用终止的原因之一。最后对各种典型年龄剖面可能的成因解释进行了简要介绍和初步探讨。     

辽河西部凹陷南段异常低压背景下的成岩动力学研究与成岩相预测

辽河西部凹陷南段古近系砂岩中发育低压-异常低压,泥岩中发育超压。文中考虑低压对砂岩成岩作用的促进作用和超压对泥岩成岩作用的抑制作用,建立了适合于异常压力背景下的成岩作用数值模拟模型,模拟了该区的成岩演化史,预测了成岩阶段和成岩相。结果表明,在断陷期,辽河西部凹陷南段断裂活动强烈,大地热流高,成岩演化快;在裂后期,构造活动弱,大地热流低,成岩演化慢。目前,在深凹陷区沙河街组已进入中成岩阶段B期—晚成岩阶段,主要发育致密储层;在斜坡带沙河街组主要处于早成岩阶段—中成岩阶段A期,发育常规储层。     

Characteristics and Genesis of the Es_1 Productive Sandstone Reservoir(Paleogene), Nanpu Sag,East China

The Shahejie Formation is a fundamental rock unit for hydrocarbon exploration and production in the Nanpu Sag, Bohai Bay Basin. Methodology including thin sectioning, core observations, fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy, cathodoluminescence, fluid inclusion, laser scanning confocal microscopy and geochemical analysis(C, O isotopes) were all utilized to investigate the reservoir characteristics and origin of the Es_1 Sandstone. Thin section study showed that the reservoir rock consisted of feldspathic litharenite and lithic arkose. The reservoir pores are categorized as intergranular pores, fracture pores, dissolution pores and intergranular cement dissolution pores. The studied sandstone had good porosity(0.05%–35%) and permeability(0.006–7000 m D). The Es_1 reservoir is classified as a fractured reservoir, a primary intergranular pore-associated reservoir and a dissolution reservoir. Deposition, diagenesis and tectogenesis are the main factors that played important roles in the development of the reservoir. Sedimentation is the foundation and assumption for reservoir development, but the effective reservoir is primarily controlled by primary pores, fractures, lithofacies, tectonic elements and dissolution pores. Moreover, compaction, fracture filling and cementation were the primary sources of reservoir densification. The reservoir was progressively formed through the influence of different geological and diagenetic events. The present study provides significant information and references for hydrocarbon exploration and development in the Nanpu Sag.     

四川盆地川中地区中下侏罗统砂岩储层异常致密成因机理

四川盆地川中地区中下侏罗统砂岩储层现今埋藏深度一般在1 500～3 000 m,但砂岩致密化程度异常偏高,其平均孔隙度小于5%,平均渗透率小于1×10-3μm2,为典型的超低孔、超低渗储层。岩石显微镜下成岩作用特征及压实与胶结作用的减孔强度统计结果显示,强压实作用（包括压溶作用）是导致砂岩储层异常致密的主要原因。利用砂...     

甘肃新近系疏松砂岩成因

近年来重大地下工程中揭露一套结构疏松,自稳能力差,涌水、塌方等工程事故频发的岩层,即疏松砂岩。分析其成因及赋存环境对认识其特殊性质及应对相关工程问题都具有重要意义。本文结合甘肃新近系沉积环境,采用室内粒度分析试验、SEM及XRD试验,并与现代沙漠风成沙与河床水成沙对比,从其分布及产出特征、粒度特征、石英颗粒表面特征及胶结特征等方面对其成因进行分析。研究表明,这套疏松砂岩与相邻岩层产出相近,归属于甘肃新近系红层;其粒径相对集中,胶结物含量少、胶结差,孔隙度大;石英颗粒表面发育蝶形坑、麻面及硅质沉淀等典型特征。综合其各种特征,甘肃新近系疏松砂岩为新近纪干热气候环境下风沙活动的产物,且受后期赋存水环境作用的影响。     

剥蚀减压过程中的砂体回弹作用及其成藏效应研究综述

众多的实例研究表明,地层抬升剥蚀与地层低压的发育存在明显的正相关关系.地层抬升剥蚀过程中发生的物理变化,如流体向下倾方向泄漏、流体因温度降低而收缩,下伏砂体因卸载而回弹都倾向于形成地层低压.物理模拟实验结果表明砂体回弹量最大可超过1%,它对地层低压形成的贡献远远大于其他因素,砂体回弹泵吸抽拉成藏是一种新的成藏机理.要深入探讨砂体回弹对油气成藏的贡献,还必须开展以下工作:①弄清砂岩和泥岩回弹量的差异性;②建立岩石回弹和地层压力变化的直接定量关系;③研究低压形成过程中的油水运移状态;④定量评价砂体回弹对油气成藏的贡献.物理模拟实验将是开展这些工作不可或缺的手段.