Revisiting Sustainable Development of Dry Valleys in Hengduan Mountains Region

Dry valleys are a striking geographic landscape in Hengduan Mountains Region and are characterized by low rainfall, desert type of vegetation and fragile environment. Past efforts and resources have been concentrated mainly on rehabilitation of degraded ecosystem and fragile environment, particularly reforestation, while socio-economic development has been largely overlooked. Despite successes in pocket areas, the overall trend of unsustainability and environmental deterioration are continuing. It is important to understand that uplift of the Tibetan Plateau is the root cause of development of dry valleys, and development and formation of dry valleys is a natural process. Human intervention has played a secondary role in development of dry valleys and degradation of dry valleys though human intervention in many cases has speeded up environmental degradation of the dry valleys. It is important to understand that dry valleys are climatic enclaves and an integrated approach that combines rehabilitation of degraded ecosystems and socio-economic development should be adopted if the overall goal of sustainable development of dry valleys is to be achieved. Promotion of niche-based cash crops, rural energy including hydropower, solar energy, biogas and fuelwood plantation is recommended as the priority activities.     

建设工程基础验线与竣工规划测量的研究

基础验线与竣工规划测量是城市规划管理的重要环节,其成果是规划过程监督管理与竣工验收审核的重要依据。无锡市自2012年1月1日起正式实施建设工程基础验线与竣工规划测量工作。本文介绍了无锡市建设工程基础验线与竣工规划测量的作业依据与资料准备、工作内容及提交的成果,并结合工程实例对成果进行分析,为今后工作提供参考。     

农村土地承包经营权确权登记颁证的实践与探索

土地是人类赖以生存和发展的物质基础。真实、准确的土地所有权数据是国家进行宏观经济调控的基础和重要依据。本文以广东省韶关市某村为试点,介绍了农村土地承包经营权确权登记的技术路线和工作流程,探讨了权属调查及数据库建设的方法。     

农村集体土地确权测量中的塔尖交会技术研究

简要介绍了农村集体土地确权测量中的塔尖交会技术,生成平差文件的方法,以及平差计算的理论模型,最后给出了平差实例,极大地提高了作业效率,达到了满意的效果。     

仁怀市喀斯特地区建设用地适宜性评价

建设用地适宜性评价是土地利用规划和资源管理的基础性工作.为合理确定贵州喀斯特地区城镇扩展方向,在GIS的支持下,以贵州省仁怀市为例,文章选取地形地貌、开发利用条件、地质因子3方面6个单因子,构建该研究区低丘缓坡建设用地适宜性评价指标体系,并对仁怀市低丘缓坡建设用地适宜性进行综合评价.结果表明:适宜建设用地和比较适宜建设用地主要分布仁怀在市中部和西南地区.     

Urban Employment Subcenters and Sectoral Clustering in Montreal: Complementary Approaches to the Study of Urban Form

Since the late 1980's there has been renewed interest in the study of employment polynucleation within metropolitan areas, fed in part by the move to suburban locations of high-order service functions. In parallel, a growing body of research has underlined the role which proximity plays in information exchange, innovation and growth. So far there have been only limited attempts to merge these two approaches and investigate the degree to which local agglomeration economies and positive externalities may underpin the creation of suburban employment poles. In this paper a first step is taken in this direction by proposing an approach to systematically investigate the colocation of economic activities within a metropolitan context. It is found that the groups of economic activities which systematically tend to colocate closely mirror those activities which would be grouped together along sectoral lines.     

Suitability evaluation of rural residential areas under the threat of geological disasters:A case study in Yinchanggou watershed of Pengzhou City

At present, the research on the layout of rural residential areas in the mountainous environment under the threat of earthquake disasters and frequent geological disasters is still rare. Taking Yinchanggou watershed in Longmenshan Town of Pengzhou City as an example, based on the summary of the geological hazard development characteristics in this area, the authors carried out the hazard risk zoning through 8 indexes. Then the geological hazard risk zoning was used as the primary factor to evaluate the suitability of rural residential areas. Besides, combined with the topographical conditions, socio-economic situation and ecological environment, a suitable evaluation index system for rural residential land under the threat of geological disasters was constructed, with the restrictive conditions of extremely high-risk areas, single geological hazards, slopes ≥25° and basic farmland protection areas. Finally, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to evaluate the suitability of residential land in Yinchanggou watershed of Pengzhou City. The results show that high suitability areas account for 4.2% of the total area of the study area, moderate suitability areas 11.4%, low suitability areas 10.5%, and unsuitable areas 73.8%. The “suitable” areas for rural residential land are mainly distributed along the highway, and some are multiple “blocky” concentrated distribution areas. The terrain is flat and the traffic condition is convenient, which can provide some guidance for the selection of new rural residential locations.     

南洞流域东部重点区石漠化现状及治理对策

为了探讨南洞流域东部重点区石漠化现状及其治理对策,通过遥感数据分析结果并结合地面实地调查验证,对云南南洞流域东部重点区石漠化分布特征、成因、危害及其区域林地生态环境质量状况进行了分析。结果表明,南洞流域东部重点区石漠化面积占岩溶区面积的17.2%,集中分布于大庄盆地西北部,以轻度石漠化为主,轻度、中度、重度石漠化的面积比例约为7∶3∶1,石漠化与水土流失问题突出,岩溶区林地生态环境质量等级以三级、四级为主,占区域总面积的53.77%,整体水平较低,且明显低于区内的非岩溶地区林地。粗放型畜牧和农耕方式是导致区内石漠化形成和加剧的最重要因素。提出休垦弃焚、恢复次生植被、合理开发利用土地资源、优化农林畜牧产业结构,实施林草建设工程、草食畜牧业工程、水利水保设施工程,建立保障制度和监督机制,开展全面的石漠化综合治理对策,以确保区域生态恢复、农林畜牧经济健康发展及南洞地下河流域生态安全和水资源开发利用。      

中国蓄滞洪区洪水管理与可持续发展途径

蓄滞洪区的行蓄洪启用频率和蓄水方式决定着洪水管理与可持续发展途径,影响流域经济社会的可持续发展.根据各大流域蓄滞洪区的设计启用频率,设置了未来35年内蓄滞洪区发展的3种情景:维持现状、部分水库化和部分湿地化,构建了涵盖防洪、社会经济和生态发展等因子的途径选择指标体系,运用数据包络分析法(DEA),识别了不同设计启用频率的蓄滞洪区洪水管理与可持续发展的最优途径.结果表明:① 不同设计启用频率的蓄滞洪区在建成35年内,部分湿地化情景是中国70%蓄滞洪区的最优发展途径.② 设计启用频率50年一遇是蓄滞洪区发展途径选择的边界值;当等于或低于50年一遇时,部分湿地化是其最优途径;当高于50年一遇时,维持其现状是最优途径.     

苏南地区城乡聚落空间演化过程及其格局特征

当前,城乡聚落空间正由自然和经济社会条件存在差异的等级体系转变为密切联系的网络化结构,城乡融合已经成为中国城乡聚落空间演化发展的重要方向。以苏南地区为例,对20世纪90年代以来的城乡聚落空间演化过程及其格局特征进行分析,发现2000年以后城镇聚落扩张强度远高于乡村聚落,城乡聚落空间结构可进一步归纳为集中、双心、多核和密集4种基本格局。该研究对乡村振兴背景下的城乡聚落空间优化布局具有一定指导作用。