Magsat studies over the Indian region

Data collected by Magsat have been extensively used by Indian scientists in studies of the crust beneath India. Results obtained by various workers have been summarized and the reasons for differences in findings have been discussed. It is concluded that methods that work well for higher latitudes do not give the best estimates of crustal field and magnetization in equatorial regions. A better estimate of the crustal component is obtained when the external current contribution is estimated using the symmetry properties of associatedX and Z-fields. Inversion technique that provides stable crustal magnetization in midlatitudes, becomes unstable near the equator. Why such an instability arises and how it can be circumvented are discussed. That the Peninsular shield, the Ganga basin and the Himalayas are three different geotectonic blocks is clearly reflected in the magnetization distribution. A thick magnetic crust under Aravalli, Singhbum and Dharwar suggest these areas to be comparatively stable. In general, seismic, gravity and heat flow data agree characteristically well with the magnetization estimates.     

珊瑚礁岩的磁性初步研究

南沙群岛南永１井珊瑚礁岩的磁性测量结果表明，珊瑚礁岩的磁化率（Ｘ）为负值，属抗磁性物质，但它有较稳定的剩余磁化强度（Ｍｒ），而且它的ＮＲＭ（天然剩余磁化强度）近似对数正态分布，其值大部分分布在（０．８－１．６）×１０（－４）Ａ·ｍ（－１）区间内。进一步研究发现珊瑚在生长过程中，富铁细菌及水介质等可以在珊瑚礁孔隙中留下铁磁性物质；另一方面，珊瑚在生长时也可能吸收铁离子，变成珊瑚礁骨骼的一部分。因此，珊瑚礁岩具有铁磁性，在古地磁场作用下，产生弱剩磁。     

南沙海区沉积物剩余磁化强度与古气候旋回

根据南沙海区NS87-11柱样沉积物Mr(剩余磁化强度)的变化曲线与δ~(18)O(氧同位素)变化曲线平行对比,发现Mr的波峰、波谷与δ~(18)O揭示的古气候变化的波峰、波谷相对应。表明南沙海区沉积物的Mr记录了暖→冷→暖古气候旋回变化的特征,反映了全球性气候变化的波动周期。微体古生物分析结果可以证实这一特征。这预示海洋沉积物的Mr不仅可作为探索古气候变化的重要标志,而且可能成为第四纪磁性地层对比、划分的依据。     

地转效应实验平台低转速下均匀度相位分布测量

采用微机、光电脉冲技术并通过中断工作方式实现对旋转平台在低转速下转速均匀度相位分布的精密测量．为估计转台对旋转流体实验造成的误差提供数据，实现转台的转速精密测量，转速补偿和转速控制等方面的智能化     

A trial for monitoring temporal variation of seismic velocity using an ACROSS system

Abstract The temporal variation of seismic velocity near the Nojima Fault, which ruptured during the 1995 Kobe earthquake (Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake), was detected using an accurately controlled routine-operated seismic source (ACROSS). The source generates elastic waves by a centrifugal force of an eccentric mass rotating around an axis. The mass is driven with an AC servomotor whose angular position is accurately controlled with reference to a very accurate global positioning system (GPS) clock. The error of the mass' position is less than 0.002 radian and does not accumulate. As a result, the source generates sinusoidal waves of very narrow spectral peaks enabling their detection with an excellent signal-to-noise ratio. Although the stability of the rotation is quite excellent, a large daily variation was found, which seems to be caused by changes in atmospheric temperature. The daily variation was 10% in amplitude and 0.1 radian in phase of the signal observed at the 800 m borehole seismometer. A significant variation was found to be due to that of coupling between the rotational source and the foundation made of reinforced concrete in which the source was situated. In order to make a correction on the signal of the 800 m borehole seismometer, the vibration of the foundation was measured and modeled assuming a rigid body movement. The correction successfully reduced the daily variation by approximately 90%, resulting in a variation of 1% in amplitude and 0.01 radian in phase. The phase variation of 0.01 radian corresponds to 100 μs and less than 0.1% in velocity over 1000 m between the source and the receiver.