湖北省大冶铁矿区内矿石磁性特征分析

从磁铁矿矿石的磁性差异入手,对铁(铜)矿床中各矿体的矿石磁性特征进行了系统的描述,得出大冶铁矿铁(铜)矿床是一个磁性特征变化较大的矿区.之后对矿石中引起磁性差异的原因进行了分析,并指出影响磁铁矿矿石磁性特征的主要因素为矿石的矿物组成、化学成分以及矿石的结构和构造.     

Origin of a magnetic lineation on Kyushu Island, Japan

Abstract Several linear magnetic anomalies over continental crust have been identified in and around the Japanese Islands. The anomalies are probably related to island arc tectonic structures, but identifying specific sources has been difficult. Several deep holes were drilled in and around Aso caldera, where a linear anomaly occurs along an active fault. One drillhole located on the linear anomaly encountered a zone of highly magnetized and altered basement rocks at least 100 m thick at a depth of ∼1000 m. The other hole was located away from the anomaly and did not encounter any high-magnetic zones. Rocks from the zone have exceptionally strong remanent magnetization (several tens of A/m) sub-parallel to the present field. AF demagnetization experiments indicated that the magnetization is hard and stable. Magnetic modeling indicates that the linear anomaly is caused mainly by this layer. Microscopic examination of core samples shows that the highly magnetized zone includes secondary magnetic minerals and abundant hydrothermal alterations. Temperatures determined by fluid inclusions and down-hole temperatures show that the temperature of the highly magnetized zone was elevated in the past relative to surrounding rocks. The high temperature could destroy primary magnetic minerals and replace them with secondary magnetic minerals. Thus, the past hydrothermal system may have enhanced thermo-chemical remanent magnetization. The results can produce a model indicating that there was a past hydrothermal system related to the tectonic structure.     

Use of magnetic measures to assess soil redistribution following deforestation in hilly region

Limited information is available about the use of magnetic susceptibility property to determine soil redistribution in hilly areas of the semi-arid regions. This study was conducted to evaluate the use of magnetic properties to determine soil redistribution along a hill slope following deforestation. The study area is located in the Quaternary hilly region of Lordegan district in west Iran. Ten transects were established in two land uses that included natural Querqus forested and cultivated lands. Soil samples were collected at different positions along the slope and magnetic properties (χlf, χhf, SIRM, ARM, and χfd) and selected physico-chemical properties were determined. The results (based on the χfd, SIRM/ARM) showed that the magnetic susceptibly in the calcareous materials is pre-dominantly derived during the pedogenic processes and the superparamagnetic particles which were transported to lower positions of hill slope following deforestation. The results confirmed that this methodology could be applied for monitoring soil redistribution along the slope in calcareous hilly areas in the semi-arid regions.     

鲜水河断裂带南东段的深部孕震环境与2014年康定M_S6.3地震

2014年11月22日16时55分在四川省甘孜藏族自治州康定县发生的6.3级地震,结束了鲜水河断裂带近30多年以来没有较大地震发生的历史,其潜在的地震危险性再次引起国内外地学工作者的关注.为了研究鲜水河断裂带南东段深部孕震环境和探求康定MS6.3地震的成因,本文先利用四川区域数字地震台网和康定地区及周边所布设的流动地震台阵在2009年1月1日至2014年12月5日期间所记录到7397次区域地震事件的99287条P波到时资料,反演得到了鲜水河断裂带南东段上地壳范围内不同深度的三维P波速度结构特征;再对康定震区及周边的重力、航磁数据进行视密度、视磁化强度反演,得到了壳内不同深度密度的横向变化信息和视磁化强度的分布特征;在此基础上综合研究鲜水河断裂带南东段的深部孕震环境.研究结果表明,雅江—九龙一带的低速区与泸定—宝兴高速区的速度结构特征表明了鲜水河断裂带南东段两侧壳内物质存在显著的横向介质差异,康定MS6.3地震发生在该高低速异常区的分界线上;结合康定MS6.3地震的1028个余震序列的精确定位结果可以看出,重新定位后的余震沿着鲜水河断裂带南东段呈条带状分布,且震源深度优势分布层位深度为8~15km,该余震序列的空间分布特征与鲜水河断裂南东段的深部介质条件密切相关.鲜水河断裂带南东段特有的视密度和视磁化强度异常分布特征反映了康定地区东西两侧块体的基底性质存在明显差异,康定—石棉及其以东地区所表现出的磁异常高和重力高的位场特征,反映该区域由强磁性、高密度物质组成,而康定MS6.3地震就发生在康定—石棉重力梯度变化带上、雅安—泸定磁性穹窿区的西边界线上.随着川青块体向南东方向滑移,受到四川盆地西缘边界刚性基底对川青块体的强烈阻挡,加剧了康定—石棉及其以东地区基底岩层的褶皱变形并产生了强烈的应力积累,所积累的应力突然释放导致了康定MS6.3地震的发生,这正是此次鲜水河断裂带南东段康定地区强震孕育和发生的深部构造环境和介质特征.根据本文对鲜水河断裂带南东段深部孕震环境的综合研究成果可知,石棉段处于重磁异常梯级带上且其北东侧表现出的高密度、强磁性和高波速等物性特征有利于区域应力的相对集中,因此,鲜水河断裂带南东段石棉地区的地震活动趋势和地震危险性背景值得进一步关注和研究.     

角动量算符的本征态和转动矩阵的新形式(英文)

转动矩阵在角动量理论中起着非常基本和重要的作用,它已经被推导通过使用各种方法。提出一个新的方法研究角动量算符的本征态和转动矩阵。该方法采用角动量算符的有关公式和角动量的生成元算符的SU(2)代数的解纠缠公式,得到任意分量的角动量算符的新本征态,利用该本征态进一步推导出角动量算符的新转动矩阵表示。与现有的方法相比较,方法具有简单和直接性的特点。     

恒山中东部灰色片麻岩剪切变形初探

恒山高级变质岩区是中国早前寒武纪变质岩研究的经典地区之一。通过对区内露头尺度的构造研究,识别出恒山灰色片麻岩在新太古代晚期发生了2期剪切变形,2期剪切变形形成的构造形迹在空间分布、岩石的变形习性、变形组构等方面均存在差异。重点分析了早期构造变形形成的各种构造形迹的特点,认为恒山中东部的灰色片麻岩早期形成的自北而南由网结状分布的强变形带向均匀带状展布的强变形带的变化是构造变形分解的结果,代表了岩石在中深构造层递进变形的过程,具有时空演变的意义。这一过程是由均匀的岩石、各向异性不均匀的岩石向强烈定向的岩石转变的过程。     

地震与海啸作用下重力式岸墙旋转位移拟静力分析

被动状态下位移预测是挡墙地震工程设计中的关键,而岸墙后回填土的孔隙水压力对墙体运动具有一定影响。采用拟静力法计算墙后部分浸水土体的被动动土压力,根据静力水压力理论近似计算土颗粒里的动水压力;同时考虑地震荷载和海啸力的作用,根据力矩极限平衡确定旋转门槛加速度系数,采用旋转块体方法计算岸墙被动旋转运动下的地震位移。探讨回填砂土内摩擦角、墙体与土间摩擦角、地震加速度系数、回填土地下水位、海啸波浪高度等参数对旋转位移的影响。