石灰改善土在合阜高速公路路基工程中的应用

介绍了在安徽膨胀土地区路基施工中,由于膨胀土存在压实困难、裂隙发育、易风化、吸水膨胀降低强度等缺陷,为解决填料短缺,降低工程造价,提高路基强度和整体稳定性,采用在膨胀土中掺石灰,改善膨胀土的结构,达到提高路基填筑质量的目的。     

基于实测的软土路基沉降时效研究

软土路基的稳定性对公路的性状与运营质量具有举足轻重的作用,它与路基的内部结构、成分、体量、外界环境有着密切的关系。通过布设边桩点、埋设沉降板、布设测斜管的方式进行沉降观测。在大量的实测数据基础上,运用回归分析原理,对软土路基的沉降时效问题进行了整体性研究,总结出环太湖流域软土路基沉降时效的经验型数学表达式。从锡澄高速公路软土路基沉降时效的预测效果来看,预测结果和实测数据较为吻合。     

青海诺木洪-格尔木高速公路盐渍土路段勘察与处理方法探讨

文章通过青海诺木洪—格尔木高速公路盐渍土路段勘察实例,指出了公路盐渍土勘察中应注意的事项,分析了高原盐渍土的成因,提出了盐渍土的重要物理力学指标、盐渍土路基的处理方法等。为西部高速公路勘察与设计提供了新的思路和方法,并对高原盐渍土勘察提供了范例。     

Influences of local factors on permafrost occurrence and their implications for Qinghai-Xizang Railway design

Permafrost is a product of long-term energy ex-change between the atmosphere and the ground. Macro-scale distribution of permafrost is controlled overall by climate. However, site-specific variables such as terrain conditions, snow cover, soil/rock type, and moisture content can significantly modify the ef-fect of climate, resulting in localized anomalies in permafrost distribution[1,2]. These factors cause distur-bances to normal thermal regimes and can determine the presence and absence of p…     

青藏铁路多年冻土区站场路基温度场试验研究

站场路基的宽度为单线普通路基宽度的两倍。结合青藏铁路试验工程观测数据 ,分析了站场路基地温场及多年冻土人为上限的特征 ,探讨了路基的冻结和融化过程的规律 ,阐述了多年冻土区路基的稳定性问题。     

Model simulations of rainout and washout from a warm stratiform cloud

A one-dimensional, time-dependent cloud model with parameterized microphysics is used to investigate the processes which control the rainout and washout of soluble gases from warm, precipitating stratiform clouds. Calculations are presented simulating the distributions of soluble species within and below the cloud layer and in the precipitating raindrops as a function of time and species' solubility. Our calculations indicate that for species with low solubility, wet removal processes are relatively slow and thus do not significantly affect the species' gas-phase abundance. As a result, the removal of low-solubility species by rainout and washout is controlled by thermodynamic processes with the concentration of the species in cloud and rainwater largely determined by the species' solubility. For highly soluble species on the other hand, dissolution into cloud droplets and removal in rain is quite rapid and the abundance of highly soluble species within and below the cloud falls rapidly as soon as the precipitation begins. Because of this rapid decrease in concentration, we find that for highly soluble species: concentrations in cloud droplets near the cloud base can exceed that of raindrops by factors of 2 to 10; washout can dominate over rainout as a removal mechanism; and that, after an extended period of rainfall, the rate of removal becomes independent of the microphysical properties and rainfall rate of the cloud and is controlled by the rate of transport of material into the precipitating column by horizontal advection.     

A theoretical study of chemical kinetic control in the scavenging of pollutant gases by cloud and rain drops

Theoretical models that describe the uptake of trace gases by water drops falling at terminal velocity in air have been extended to include the effects of aqueous phase chemical processes that occur on time scales comparable with or greater than that over which the relevant physical scavenging processes operate. In particular, the case of reversible dervative formation by the absorbed species has been treated, and illustrated by application to the absorption of acetaldehyde under conditions prevailing in the atmosphere. In addition, the relative influences of aqueous phase chemistry and of convective-diffusion on the efficiency of the scavenging process have been explored more generally, using the revised models. A brief comparison of the factors controlling the uptake of sulfur dioxide, dichloromethane, and acetaldehyde is presented.     

保德矿区太原组桥头砂岩沉积特征与煤聚集

根据太原组桥头砂岩（体）的沉积特征（岩性、结构、沉积构造、古流特征、平面一剖面及三维空间上的几何形态）以及该砂体对下伏ｍ１３厚煤层的冲刷样式和对上覆ｍ１１煤聚集的独特控制方式，认为它属一种特殊过渡类型的河流环境的产物，并进一步分析了同沉积期的古构造背景。     

多年冻土场地路基地震动位移性状研究

直接针对目前多年冻土场地道路工程抗震问题研究尚很薄弱这一事实，以在建的青藏铁路工程的抗震设计与地震加固为应用背景，基于若干种较为典型的多年冻土场地路基工况，开展多年冻土场地路基地震动位移性状的研究工作。研究表明，与不同的场地地形条件相比，场地冻土层厚度对路基地震位移响应的影响更加突出，尤其是含冻土融层路基的地震动位移值较不含冻土融层路基的地震动位移值大，因而冻土融层的存在无疑加剧了多年冻土场地路基的震害响应。     

增加曲线模型在路基沉降预测中的应用研究

增加曲线模型自身的特点，决定了它能很好地拟合一级荷载下的地基沉降．时问曲线，这已得到了验证。将其引入到多级填土荷载下的软土路基沉降的预测中，提出了相应的预测数学模型，并通过工程实例予以验证。其结果表明：与传统的针对多级荷载的指数曲线模型以及双曲线模型相比，该模型的理论更为充分，其预测结果也更接近实际，具有一定的工程实用价值。