Material Geographies and Postcolonialism

While postcolonial studies have inspired new ideas, a new language and a new theoretical inflection for a wide range of teaching and research in human geography, there have been few sustained discussions about what might constitute a postcolonial geography. This paper attempts to deal with this absence by exploring the possibilities of material geographies of postcolonialism. It suggests that geographers are particularly well placed to respond to criticisms of postcolonialism as remaining overwhelmingly textual, cultural and/or historical in focus by contributing towards a productive engagement between postcolonialism and the material realities of global inequalities, and towards a revivified political and ethical project. It explores how particular tactics might inform postcolonial methodologies within geography and makes some tentative suggestions on what a postcolonial political praxis might look like.     

Les consommations d'énergie dans le monde : une méthode robuste de prévision de leur évolution à moyen terme ; premières conséquences

This document proposes some ideas on the global energy context in an anthropogenic view: what are the needs in energy for the world population? How could they be satisfied in the middle term? What links exist with the near future of a necessarily limited system, the ‘Earth Surface, oceans and atmosphere’ system? Over past 30 years, the world individual energy consumption has been a constant. This is the basis of a robust method for predicting, in the short and middle term, the relative part of the main energy vectors and their interactions with the carbon cycle. Finally, some essential aspects of any energy planning are pointed out. To cite this article: M. Combarnous, A. Prieur, C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

The transition from the Soviet system to a market economy as a cause of instability in the Estonian coastal fisheries sector

This study analyzes how overall changes in political and economic life during the last decade have affected the Estonian coastal fishery of the Baltic Sea. At the beginning of the nineties, the opportunity to export fish to the European market emerged. Opening of this new market resulted in rapidly increasing pressure on fish stocks. Some of the most important coastal fishery resources were over-fished because of high export market demand coupled with insufficient resource management and ineffective control and enforcement mechanisms. The costs associated with fishery have grown much more than the first-buyer prices. Additionally, dynamic development of the Estonian economy has resulted in substantial increases in earnings in other economic sectors and therefore the relative wealth of fishermen has steadily declined. This has resulted in increasing social problems. In conclusion, countries in transition may encounter serious difficulties in the fisheries sector, arising from privatization and economic reforms, which may affect the fisheries even years after the establishment of new ruling principles.     

海洋经济可持续发展模型及应用研究

运用可持续发展理论 ,在改进了国内著名学者潘家华所提出的模型基础上 ,构造了海洋经济可持续发展理论模型。新模型的构造与应用得到了一些有意义的结果 ,为制定海洋开发利用政策提供了更充分的理论依据。     

基于水资源需求场理论的需水驱动力影响分析

为了解决传统水资源需求驱动因素分析中存在难以直观反映城市空间相互作用的问题,运用水资源需求场理论,分析地区水资源需求空间特征;结合社会经济势能探讨水资源需求的驱动因素,并以2014年广东省用水、社会经济数据为例进行计算与分析。研究表明:①广东省水资源需求场呈现以珠三角地区为中心向外辐射的分布特征,各城市周围的场强方向指向各城市中心点;②水资源需求场的叠加会改变城市的场强大小与方向;③社会经济势能与水资源需求场相关系数达0.924。结果证实,社会经济是水资源需求的主要驱动力;在其驱动下,水资源在空间上向发达地区与城市中心流动。该结果可为水资源需求的准确预测、水资源管理提供基础支撑。     

富硒耕地质量评价体系构建及其在湖南省新田县新圩镇的应用

【研究目的】天然富硒农产品是人体摄入硒元素最安全有效的途径,依托天然富硒土地资源建立的富硒农业和富硒特色小镇等富硒产业,成为脱贫攻坚和乡村振兴的新兴产业支柱,其规划和建设需以富硒土地质量等级为基础,但国内缺乏富硒土地资源评价体系。【研究方法】本文以新田县为例,从耕地的开发利用条件和潜力、开发利用价值以及开发制约条件着手,构建耕地地力、经济质量和生态环境“三位一体”的富硒耕地质量评价体系;基于新田县新圩镇富硒土壤详查数据和全国土地调查成果开展富硒耕地质量评价研究,对耕地的自然属性、环境属性、经济属性等进行综合评价。【研究结果】其评价结果与农产品质量和富硒程度耦合良好,真实反映了耕地资源开发条件与潜力。【结论】构建的富硒耕地质量评价体系对富硒耕地资源开发利用有较科学指导价值,为富硒土地资源和富硒产业规划提供了重要参考和借鉴。创新点：从耕地的开发利用条件和潜力、开发利用价值和制约条件着手,构建耕地地力、经济质量和生态环境“三位一体”的富硒耕地质量评价体系,制定指标权重、调查评价单元、单因子等级和综合等别划定等方法与规则。     

谈市场环境下的测绘监理工作

测绘监理工作是测绘产品生产在市场经济体制下的产物,测绘监理制度是测绘产品质量管理理念的创新,是测绘产品质量管理体系的完善,是测绘产品生产管理的补充和辅助.本文对测绘监理工作意义方法进行了介绍,对出现的问题进行了分析.     

基于循环经济的黑龙江省耕地利用集约度时空差异

为准确把握耕地集约利用水平及时空变化特征,基于循环经济"减量化、再利用、资源化"的基本原则,从投入强度、重复利用、综合效益和持续状态入手构建耕地集约利用评价指标体系,采用熵值法和变异系数法对1986-2008年黑龙江省耕地利用集约度进行评价,并通过秩相关系数模型和聚类分析法分析黑龙江省各地耕地集约利用空间差异特征。结果表明:1研究期间黑龙江省耕地集约利用水平明显提高,但1994-1998年呈波动下降趋势;2除持续状态呈下降趋势外,其余准则层均表现为上升态势,耕地利用协调度处于高度协调状态;3黑龙江省东北部地区耕地利用集约度明显下降,其余地区耕地利用集约度的上升或下降幅度均不明显;4黑龙江省各地耕地利用集约度差异比较显著。     

矿产资源基地综合地质调查基本问题的探讨—以新疆哈巴河铜金多金属矿集区为例

矿产资源基地是以大型-超大型矿产地为支撑的矿产资源大规模赋存和矿物原料的集中区,是独特的地质资源-技术经济-生态环境单元。新疆哈巴河铜金多金属成矿带是阿勒泰成矿带的重要组成部分,是中大型铜、金、铅、锌矿床的富集区,矿业开采对当地经济发展做出了很大贡献,但一直没有从资源的合理利用、生态文明及环境承载力方面精细地规划。本文依托中国地质调查局《塔里木盆地西南缘锰多金属矿产地质调查》二级项目,以新疆哈巴河铜金多金属矿集区为例,初步探讨了矿产资源基地综合地质调查时所遇到的基本问题,包括目标任务、部署思路、技术路线、成果表达方式以及工作中应注意的问题等,以期为同类大型矿产资源基地的工作部署提供参考,同时也为科学决策、合理开发资源提供依据。