The case for Japanese—Russian joint implementation in implementing the Kyoto Protocol

The Doha Amendment allows surplus Assigned Amount Units (AAUs) to be carried over from the first commitment period, but limits their use for offsetting emission growth beyond commitment levels. Amendment 7ter simultaneously ‘shaves’ AAU allocation to a level equivalent to the average 2008–2010 emissions for countries that pledged a growth target under the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol. This means that economies in transition (EITs) are not allocated headroom for growth, and makes their commitments starkly different from their original pledges. The ‘bubble’ arrangement within the EU adds uncertainty to whether new Member States will avoid the ‘shaving’ of 7ter due to their pooled target. This would put Annex I EITs into an unequal position as a result of the Doha Amendment.     

地籍管理信息化建设探讨

随着城镇化发展,地籍管理信息系统亟待建立和完善。阐述了地籍管理信息系统的关键技术,分析了目前我国地籍管理信息化建设中存在的问题,并提出了相应的对策建议。     

Southern Exceptionalism and the Perils of Region

Contemporary political trends associated with the rise of Donald Trump seem to confound traditional regional designations in the United States. Yet the concept of region remains salient in popular discourse. This is especially true with respect to “the South,” which appears in several recent nonacademic works as the source of troubling social and political currents. More surprising, given decades of critique of “Southern exceptionalism,” has been the reappearance of the South as a focus of analysis in the scholarly literature on immigration. This scholarly literature works to deessentialize the South by highlighting the vagaries and instabilities of Southern identities, institutions, and landscapes. It can, however, subtly and inadvertently reinforce Southern exceptionalism by identifying the South as a place marked by uniquely fraught histories of racial exclusion. This article critically assesses how the South as a regional concept has located the problem of race in the United States in a specific time and place. This leads to a broader discussion of the persistence of regional imaginaries in the discipline of geography and the need for more deliberate consideration of the geographical concepts that guide our analyses of societal change.     

基于LADM的三维地籍管理模型构建及应用

随着我国土地利用呈现立体化趋势,二维地籍管理模式已经难以反映垂直空间上土地的利用及权属状况,需要引入三维地籍管理模式。目前,我国学者提出的三维地籍模型没有考虑到权利人、权利和土地管理单元之间的联系。ISO/TC211提出的LADM从人地关系的基本点出发,由地籍主体、客体、土地权利构成核心的登记框架,该框架引入了LA_SpatialUnit这一核心类,该核心类覆盖了建筑物单元,网状设施等三维地籍形态,并分别建立了行政管理单元与空间单元。本文通过借鉴LADM的核心框架,提出了适合我国国情的三维地籍概念模型,并选取面元模型的构模方式,结合面向对象的思想构建空间单元的数据模型。在此基础上,设计了LADM的三维地籍管理模型,并开发原型系统验证其可行性,通过对房屋产权单元和地下宗地的管理实例,验证了该模型在我国三维地籍管理中是可行的。     

枣庄市农村土地承包经营权流转工作调查与思考

该文介绍了枣庄市土地流转的主要做法和取得的成效,对农村土地流转工作中涉及的法律、政策、组织方面的问题进行了综合分析,就深化农村改革提出了合理化的建议。     

SEPARATE BUT EQUAL? DESEGREGATING BALTIMORE'S GOLF COURSES*

ABSTRACT. Between the time of its opening, in 1923, and 1956, when the last vestiges of official segregation were swept away by the courts, the Carroll Park Municipal Golf Course in Baltimore, Maryland, figured prominently in the struggle to desegregate the city's recreational facilities. In this article we use historical sources to examine how access to Carroll Park was shaped by issues of race and ethnicity during the first half of the twentieth century, focusing specifically on the role the park played in the struggle to desegregate Baltimore's golf courses. We also consider how this victory ultimately contributed to desegregation at the city's other recreational facilities, including ball fields and swimming pools.     

基于交易费用的旅游回扣分析

运用新制度经济学中的产权理论、交易费用理论、制度变迁理论、微观经济学理论,对旅游业回扣存在的原因进行了分析,认为旅游回扣存在主要是由于旅游作为一个特殊产品的产权界定困难,制度变迁成本高,利益相关主体的机会主义行为等。     

中国海南省三沙市行政建制特点与海洋资源开发

行政区是地方政权存在的地域,中国在海南省成立的三沙市,是中国陆地面积最小、海域面积最大、人口在市一级行政机构中最少的地级市。三沙市成立最重要的目的是为了维护国家海洋权益、保护南海岛礁、开发南海丰富的海洋渔业资源、深海石油和天然气资源、海洋旅游资源以及水下文物资源等。在阐述三沙市的历史沿革、区位、政区规模以及政区形态特征等基础上,分析了三沙市的渔业资源、油气资源和旅游资源等,以图、表的形式反映了中国提出的油气招标区块的数量、面积和深度。最后提出三沙市应以旅游、水产、油气、水下文物等为重点发展的海洋产业,开发过程中必须重视海洋生态建设和环境保护,使资源开发达到持续、绿色发展的要求。     

基于MAPGIS的油气矿权区块评价数据库建设

油气矿权数据库建设是油气资源矿权资源管理最基本、最重要的基础工作。本文并以浙江油田为例,重点介绍了基于MAPGIS二次开发的矿权区块评价中数据库建设的主要内容、程序、技巧及更新,为开展系统矿权区块评价,开展矿权登记战略选区评价建立强大的技术支持。     

Through the aqueduct and the courts: An analysis of the human right to water and indigenous water rights in Northwestern Mexico

This article examines the relationship between the human right to water and indigenous water rights as articulated in the legal strategies of indigenous Yaqui (Yoemem) leadership in Mexico, and in the jurisprudence of the Inter-American Human Rights System. Accelerated urban growth and climate change in the area of study are rekindling historical water conflicts between rural indigenous communities and state authorities encouraging urban development. This configuration is not unique to Northwestern Mexico and, thus, offers an instructive case for exploring contradictions and alignments between indigenous right claims and the human right to water. This article addresses the following questions: What role does the human right to water play in the competing claims of state authorities and indigenous Yaqui leadership in Mexico? To what extent can the human right to water be reconciled with the collective rights of indigenous peoples? And in particular, what can be learned from international jurisprudence in this regard? Through content analysis of legal documents and media sources I show that even when Yaqui claims over water are advanced in the arena of international human rights, the human right to water does not have a primary role in framing their demands. In fact, I show that the human right to water was primarily mobilized to uphold rural-to-urban water transfers and undermine indigenous opposition to large-scale infrastructure development. This article produces new empirical knowledge to contribute to scholarship examining what a human right to water means in practice. This line of research is particularly timely as the human right to water becomes institutionalized in the context of growing public debate and legal discussions on collective indigenous rights.