钢-混凝土混合结构抗震研究述评

本文回顾了钢-混凝土混合结构的发展历史,系统地总结、论述了钢-混凝土混合结构的特点及其抗震研究发展现状,指出了这种结构形式在抗震研究中存在的主要问题和今后需要进一步研究的方向。     

环境与工程地球物理的新进展

环境与工程地球物理是地球物理中的一个重要方向,并紧密与社会发展和人们生活各方面相结合,未来将倍受重视．本文在介绍2004年武汉召开的国际环境与工程地球物理学术会议(ICEEG)基础上,阐述了环境与工程地球物理领域的一些新进展和主要发展趋势．并有针对性地介绍了我国环境与工程地球物理现状。     

上海天文台2010年工作总结

总结了2010年度中国科学院上海天文台在科研、国际合作交流、人才培养和引进、佘山科技园区建设、科研管理、精神文明建设等方面取得的成果。     

Culture and morphology of some New Zealand barnacles (Crustacea: Cirripedia)

The larval stages of the acorn barnacles Chamaesipho columna, Chamaesipho brunnea, Elminius plicatus, Elminius modestus, Balanus trigonus, and Tetraclita purpurascens are described from larvae reared in the laboratory. A key and a table are included for separating larval stages and species.

Skeletonema costatum appears to have a wide application as a food in the rearing of larvae of the Balanidae.

The two Chamaesipho species show typical chthamalid characters of hispid antennal setae and unilobed labrum. The similarity between the larvae of Elminius plicatus and Tetraclita purpurascens supports the classification of E. plicatus as a tetraclitid.     

从经验性技术走进科学性技术时代——海洋工程基础研究青年科学家论坛介绍

为进一步明确研究方向、理清研究思路,挖掘青年科研人才,国家自然科学基金委员会工程与材料科学部主办了"海洋工程基础研究青年科学家论坛"。近5年来国家自然科学基金资助的青年科学基金项目和答辩类重要项目负责人与会对海洋工程基础研究前沿的科学问题和创新(或特色)的研究思路与方法进行汇报和交流,讨论了大型海上浮式装备、海洋能源利用、船舶工程与系统、国防建设工程四个研究领域中的前沿科学问题,提出了未来五年海洋工程的五个重点研究方向。与会专家学者认为,海洋工程基础研究正从经验性技术走进科学性技术时代。     

山东半岛近岸海区全新世泥质沉积体研究现状

20世纪80年代以来,山东半岛近岸海区全新世泥质沉积体引起了地学界的关注,很多学者对其进行过研究并发表了众多相关论文。综合前人的研究成果认为,山东半岛全新世泥质沉积体受到黄海暖流和黄海沿岸流的共同作用,呈现出中间厚、向海向陆减薄的楔形,并沿山东半岛发育,其物质来源主要是黄河注入所带来的沉积物;在形成机制上,受到海平面上升、潮流和黄河入海口的迁移等多种因素的控制,成因复杂;在形成时间上,现今的研究成果普遍认为该泥楔形成于全新世冰后期海平面上升时期。对目前研究中仍存在的问题进行讨论,提出了山东泥楔的未来研究方向,指出应该建立多种水动力耦合作用下的泥沙输运与沉积模式,着重从海洋沉积动力学角度进行新的研究。     

Conservation status of New Zealand marine invertebrates, 2009

A re-evaluation of the threat status of New Zealand's marine invertebrates was undertaken in 2009, following earlier review of New Zealand's Threat Classification System and subsequent refinement of the national criteria for classifying threat of extinction to New Zealand's flora and fauna. Sufficient information was available to enable 295 marine invertebrate taxa to be fully evaluated and assigned to a national threat category. The 10 taxa at most risk of extinction (‘nationally critical’) were the giant seep clam Calyptogena sp., the primitive acorn barnacle Chionelasmus crosnieri, O'Shea's vent barnacle Volcanolepas osheai, the stalked barnacle Ibla idiotica, the four-blotched umbrella octopus Cirroctopus hochbergi, the roughy umbrella octopus Opisthoteuthis chathamensis, the giant squid Idioteuthis cordiformis, the large-egged polychaete Boccardiella magniovata and two gravel maggots, Smeagol climoi and Smeagol manneringi. The key threatening processes identified for marine invertebrates were fishing and land-use associated impacts such as sedimentation. We identified no taxa that had improved in threat status as a result of past or ongoing conservation management action, nor any taxa that had worsened in threat status because of known changes in their distribution, abundance or rate of population decline. We evaluated a small fraction of New Zealand's marine invertebrate fauna for their threat status. Many taxa remain ‘data deficient’ or unlisted. In addition to the most threatened taxa, we recommend these taxa and their habitats as priorities for further survey and monitoring.     

Conservation status of New Zealand freshwater fish, 2009

The threat status of 74 freshwater and estuarine fish present in New Zealand was determined. Fifty-one native taxa were ranked of which 67% were considered Threatened or At Risk. A single species was classified as Extinct, the New Zealand grayling, which has not been observed since the 1920s. Four taxa were classified in the highest threat category, Nationally Critical, and a further 10 taxa as Threatened (Nationally Endangered or Nationally Vulnerable). Twenty taxa were ranked in the At Risk group with the majority ranked as Declining. Endemic galaxiids (Galaxiidae) dominated the Threatened and At Risk taxa. The majority (68%) belonged to the Galaxias genus, comprising 81% of recognised taxa in this genus and all five species in the genus Neochanna were also ranked as Threatened or At Risk. In addition to 51 native taxa, a further three fish species were considered colonists and 20 introduced species were classified as naturalised, although two of these are considered rare. The majority of the Threatened species occur in the Canterbury and Otago regions where a suite of rare non-migratory galaxiids exist. Threat mechanisms that were identified as causal in the decline of freshwater fish species were the impact of introduced fish species, declining water quality, effects of water abstraction, loss of habitat via land-use change and land-use activities, and river modifications.     

青藏高原山区某公路滑坡滑动机理及其稳定性分析

以青海省南部省道红土山段滑坡为例,在分析区域地质概况和滑坡特征的基础上,对滑坡机理及影响滑坡的因素进行分析,确定滑坡滑动模式;选取合理的计算参数进行滑坡稳定性计算,根据计算结果对滑坡稳定性进行分析。得到以下结论:产生滑坡体病害的主要原因是滑坡所处区域冻土深度较大,区域冬夏温差大,地表水下渗后冻胀,次年夏初消融,这使粘性土及泥岩泥化,粘聚力降低,周而复始,滑体不断蠕动下滑。采用传递系数法对滑坡在不同工况下的稳定性进行计算,结果表明,在天然状态下滑坡浅层滑面处于蠕动变形状态,深层滑面基本稳定;在考虑暴雨和地震的条件下,滑坡处于不稳定状态。      

在锥度量型空间上4个映射的公共不动点定理

为了强化理论知识的应用,利用锥度量型空间中自映射,讨论常数K的范围得出公共不动点的存在性和唯一性问题,证明了一个新的公共不动点定理.把锥度量型空间看作是锥度量空间的推广,在空间里,证明了4个映射的某些不动点定理.所得结论延伸和推广了文献中熟悉的相容性的一些论断.所有结论都在一致锥的背景下得到证明,且不需要假设函数的连续性.文章结果改进和发展了Aleksandar S Cvetkovi的结果.