Fractal Dimensions as Chaos Indicators

The correlation dimension D ₂ is used to develop a method of classification for phase space orbits. D ₂ depends only on the mutual distances of the orbits points, therefore the time development of the orbit is reflected in the time development of the correlation dimension approximants. It is shown, that this technique allows to investigate the dynamical properties of a phase space orbit, a classification of chaotic and regular orbits and a detection of sticky orbits.     

The Contribution of Secondary Space to Benthic Taxon Richness of a Coral Reef: Colonisation of Dendrostrea frons (Mollusca)

Abstract. The reef‐dwelling oyster Dendrostrea frons occupied only a small proportion of space in coral reefs of the Quirimba Archipelago, Mozambique, but supported a disproportionately high variety of taxa. Assemblages on primary (substratum), secondary (dead coral heads) and ephemeral secondary space (D. frons shells) of similar area were compared across 5 depths (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 m) and at four taxonomic levels (species, genus, class and phylum). Differences between the taxonomic richness of each type of space differed with both taxonomic level considered and depth. Of the three categories of space considered, ephemeral secondary space had the most taxa at all levels with the maximum at 10 – 15 m. Despite being small in space and time, animal externa, such as shells of D. frons, may provide important niches for particular organisms at many taxonomic levels.     

略谈矿产勘查新规范中存在的几个问题

在几年的工作实践中发现矿产勘查新规范存在一些问题,主要是量化度不够、操作性较差、关键词语多解或模糊,特别是在地质普查间距、储量估算方面不易理解掌握,造成地质工作的普遍简单化.     

相位激发极化法应用研究

相位激发极化法是一种频率域激发极化方法,可直接测量电场电压与供电电流之间的绝对相位差。由于该方法对仪器精度要求较高,因而国内有关实际应用方面的资料相对较少。在金属矿产勘查中,目前国内大多采用时间域激发极化方法,测量岩矿石的极化率或充电率。虽然频率域激发极化法也有应用,但主要采用双频或多频测量,利用视频散率参数进行解释,野外测量工作量较大,测量精度相对较低。近几年,利用相位激发极化法在科研、生产中做了一些工作,这里介绍相位激发极化法模型试验及数据反演结果,岩矿石标本时间域(充电率)和频率域(相位)测试对比结果,以及实际应用实例及数据反演结果。应用结果表明,用相位激发极化法在矿产勘查中可以取得较好的勘察效果,并能在今后的工作中发挥更大的作用。     

土钉基坑支护的空间效应研究

利用三维弹塑性模型研究了土钉基坑支护的空间效应,着重对深基坑工程中的阴角、阳角及分段分层开挖等问题进行了计算分析。结果表明,基坑的阴角能大大降低基坑位移和土钉轴力,其影响范围大于开挖深度,直立开挖面的阴角效应比放坡开挖面时的要大;阳角处的位移及土钉轴力明显增大,其影响范围延伸至3倍基坑开挖深度;分段分层开挖支护能充分利用土钉支护的空间效应,其影响范围接近于基坑开挖深度。     

Numerical evaluation of the damping‐solvent extraction method in the frequency domain

The damping‐solvent extraction method for the analysis of unbounded visco‐elastic media is evaluated numerically in the frequency domain in order to investigate the influence of the computational parameters—domain size, amount of artificial damping, and mesh density—on the accuracy of results. An analytical estimate of this influence is presented, and specific questions regarding the influence of the parameters on the results are answered using the analytical estimate and numerical results for two classical problems: the rigid strip and rigid disc footings on a visco‐elastic half‐space with constant hysteretic material damping. As the domain size is increased, the results become more accurate only at lower frequencies, but are essentially unaffected at higher frequencies. Choosing the domain size to ensure that the static stiffness is computed accurately leads to an unnecessarily large domain for analysis at higher frequencies. The results improve by increasing artificial damping but at a slower rate as the total (material plus artificial) damping ratio ζ_t gets closer to 0.866. However, the results do not deteriorate significantly for the larger amounts of artificial damping, suggesting that ζ_t≈0.6 is appropriate; a larger value is not likely to influence the accuracy of results. Presented results do not support the earlier suggestion that similar accuracy can be achieved by a large bounded domain with small damping or by a small domain with larger damping. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

南北地震带强震迁移特征及其预测意义

在分析南北构造带构造体系的基础上，研究了该带强震的时空动态图象演化，结果表明，南北带的地震活动有如下特征：（１）经向迁移，其空间演化有步进型和步进折返型两种形态；（２）远程的快速响应；（３）诱发地震的链锁分布，该特征反映了强震间的相互耦合，对未来强震具有示踪意义，（４）时空可公度性，该结果对分析判定本带的地震趋势从而实现正确的预测具有实际意义。     

A new inverse method and application to ocean data

A new method is proposed to inverse normalization data of hidden variables in a dynamical system by embedding a time series in multidimensional spaces and applying a normalization analysis to the conditional probability density of points in the reconstructed phase spaces. The method is robust in the application to Lorenz system and 4-dimensional R?ssler system by testing quantitatively and qualitatively the correlation coefficient between inverse data and original data in time domain and in frequency domain, respectively. By applying the method to analyzing the South China Sea data, the normalization data of wind speed is extracted from the sea surface temperature time series.     

Elastic waves in visco-elastic half-space generated by various vehicle loads

In this paper, the response of a visco-elastic half-space subjected to moving loads with static and dynamic components is investigated. Four types of vehicle loads are considered, including the moving point load, uniformly distributed wheel load, elastically distributed wheel load, and a train load simulated as a sequence of elastically distributed wheel loads. In each case, the influence of the moving loads traveling in the subsonic, transonic and supersonic ranges on the dynamic responses of the half-space is studied. The parametric study conducted herein enables us to grasp insight into the mechanism of wave propagation for a visco-elastic half-space under moving loads.