黄河口及邻近水域小型鳀鲱鱼类数量分布及其与环境因子的关系

小型鳀鲱鱼类多为浮游生物食性种类;又是多种高营养层次鱼类的饵料生物;作为生态系统中的重要类群;其数量分布对多种生物均具有重要影响。本文根据2013年6月、8月、10月和2014年2月、4月、5月在黄河口及邻近水域进行的渔业资源和环境调查数据;分析了该海域小型鳀鲱鱼类资源数量分布特征;并用广义可加模型研究了其数量分布与时空和环境因子等之间的关系。黄河口及邻近水域小型鳀鲱鱼类相对资源量呈现明显的季节变化;夏、秋季相对资源量明显高于冬、春季。小型鳀鲱鱼类相对资源量具有明显的空间变化;且在不同月份呈现不同的空间分布格局;在4月、5月、6月小型鳀鲱鱼类主要分布于近岸水域;在8月、10月小型鳀鲱鱼类分布外移且范围扩大。GAM分析表明;影响黄河口及邻近水域小型鳀鲱鱼类相对资源量时空分布的主要环境因子包括表层盐度、表层水温、水深和浮游植物丰度等。小型鳀鲱鱼类相对资源量随表层盐度的升高呈现升高的趋势;在盐度达到30时;小型鳀鲱鱼类相对资源量处于最高水平。随表层水温的升高相对资源量有升高趋势;当表层水温达到15℃后;小型鳀鲱鱼类相对资源量增加趋势减缓且丰度较大。小型鳀鲱鱼类相对资源量随浮游植物丰度的增大总体呈现上升趋势;而随水深的变化呈现先降低后升高的趋势。黄河口及邻近水域小型鳀鲱鱼类相对资源量的时空变化与鳀鲱鱼类产卵、索饵和越冬洄游有关;受到季节变化、黄河径流变化以及黄河调水调沙等引起的海洋环境因子变动的影响。     

柔性垂直阻隔技术在危废污染应急治理项目中的应用

通过江苏省靖江市一危废污染应急治理项目,对比刚性垂直阻隔,采用柔性垂直阻隔可更好地阻断场地内填埋污染物与周边土壤及地下水的水力联系。柔性垂直阻隔具有防渗性能好、抗变形能力强、使用寿命长等特点,并重点阐述了其技术原理、施工工艺及施工要点,可为后续类似工程提供参考。     

Parameterization of Sheared Entrainment in a Well-developed CBL.Part Ⅱ:A Simple Model for Predicting the Growth Rate of the CBL

Following the parameterization of sheared entrainment obtained in the companion paper, Liu et al. (2016), the present study aims to further investigate the characteristics of entrainment, and develop a simple model for predicting the growth rate of a well-developed and sheared CBL. The relative stratification, defined as the ratio of the stratification in the free atmosphere to that in the entrainment zone, is found to be a function of entrainment flux ratio (A _e). This leads to a simple expression of the entrainment rate, in which A _e needs to be parameterized. According to the results in Liu et al. (2016), A _e can be simply expressed as the ratio of the convective velocity scale in the sheared CBL to that in the shear-free CBL. The parameterization of the convective velocity scale in the sheared CBL is obtained by analytically solving the bulk model with several assumptions and approximations. Results indicate that the entrainment process is influenced by the dynamic effect, the interaction between mean shear and environmental stratification, and one other term that includes the Coriolis effect. These three parameterizations constitute a simple model for predicting the growth rate of a well-developed and sheared CBL. This model is validated by outputs of LESs, and the results show that it performs satisfactorily. Compared with bulk models, this model does not need to solve a set of equations for the CBL. It is more convenient to apply in numerical models.     

顾及等级的城市公园绿地空间布局合理性分析

针对简单两步移动搜索法忽略资源辐射范围差异、对所有资源采用相同阈值范围的缺点,该文依据公园建设的不同标准对研究区域内的公园进行分类,为不同等级的公园设置不同的搜索半径,使得模型与现实情况更为相符,结果更为可靠。以深圳市龙岗区为例,综合运用距离分析、面积分析和改进的两步移动搜索法对研究区域的公园布局评价,评价结果较好地反映了龙岗区公园的布局情况。     

基于内容的遥感图像数据库植被区域检索

随着遥感图像数量的急剧增加,基于内容的遥感图像检索系统已成为一个研究热点。该文在以综合区域匹配算法为图像相似度度量的前提下,提出了以空间绿颜色特征值降序排序的遥感图像数据库植被区域检索方法。首先,用综合区域匹配算法对图像进行相似度度量;然后,依据这些图像的空间绿颜色特征值对图像进行降序排序,从而得到含有植被区域这一高级语义特征的检索结果。实验表明:该方法将检索查准率提高了20%,检索效率明显提高,可满足用户的需求。     

高分遥感数据在城市园林绿化规划实施监测中的应用

我国高分遥感数据的丰富完善,为开展我国高分卫星数据在相关行业领域的应用奠定了基础。本文研究了高分遥感数据在城市园林绿化规划实施监测中的应用,为建设国家园林城市、国家生态园林城市评选及城市绿地系统规划落实提供参考依据。     

基于三维地理信息技术的电力巡线应用研究

传统的人工巡视以及二维图形表达已经无法适应经济的快速增长、社会应急要求的提高对电力网络巡检与管理的需要。随着计算机、数据采集等关键技术的不断进步,三维地理信息技术在电网管理中得到了广泛地应用。结合相关工程实践,基于三维地理信息技术,本文研究了一整套满足电力巡线、管理的构建方法与应用流程。通过该技术应用,可为电力巡线工作提供科学、直观的数字化支持,从而服务电力网络的安全运行与高效管理。     

利用最新空间数据检测固体地球形态变化研究

固体地球形态变化作为一个古老的科学话题一直受到地球动力学研究学者的关注和讨论,本文搜集了全球近4 000个空间技术台站最新实测数据,利用经典的Delaunay三角网构建地球数学模型,对固体地球表面积和体积变化进行重新计算,实验发现:固体地球整体存在压缩趋势,而且全球均存在不同程度的非对称构造变化。     

利用直线控制进行非量测相机的几何标定

研究了基于直线特征的非量测相机几何标定方法,依据中心投影影像的几何特性建立了基于直线特征的相机内参数标定模型,并推导了其线性化公式。与常规基于控制点的空间后方交会和几何检校的实验结果对比表明,该方法可以达到与传统方法同等的定位精度,且回避了常规方法物像必须严格对应的问题,为缺少控制点情况下的几何标定提供了另一个可选方案。     

Postrevolutionary land encroachments in Cairo: Rhizomatic urban space making and the line of flight from illegality

After the January 2011 revolution, new and unpermitted constructions on previously empty land went up across Cairo at striking speed. This paper explores a case of such land encroachments carried out by waste collectors in the neighbourhood of Manshiet Nasser in Cairo, Egypt. It begins with theoretical debates about the production of urban space, arguing that the de Certeauian paradigm, in which urban marginals poach or hijack others' spaces evanescently, fails to account for the way such encroachments produce permanent new spaces rhizomatically alongside the pre‐existing order. The paper then turns to a close examination of the events in Manshiet Nasser. Although in a broad view the actors are marginals living in the ‘informal’ city, the conditions enabling the encroachments were such that only the wealthiest and most powerful members of the ‘community’ benefitted. In a context of generalized ‘illegality’, the squatters rely on practical norms and de facto recognitions to obtain some degree of tenure security. Since these efforts rely on and play off legal norms even as the squatters violate them, the paper argues that property rights in this context should be understood not in classificatory terms based on the legal/illegal binary, but rather through a trajectory of ‘becoming‐legal’: a ‘line of flight’ that approaches legality asymptotically.