21世纪中国主要粮食产区的空间格局特征

Grain production is an important issue for the national economy and the livelihood of the Chinese people. It serves as the foundation of national development and social stability. China is a major grain producer as well as a major grain consumer. The grai…     

区域旅游发展中的行政冲突及调控机制——以张家界为例

在问卷调查与实地访谈的基础上,通过定性与定量相结合的分析方法,剖析张家界因旅游开发而单独立市以来在旅游产业和城市经济发展中所取得的成就,同时也揭示了张家界市各县级行政区之间旅游产业分化发展,功能性、结构性重复建设,企业之间恶性削价竞争以及相互打压市场形象等问题与矛盾.据此提出市域旅游经济空间矛盾调控的切入点,主要包括:...     

区域地震台网历史震相数据整合与共享服务

区域地震台网震相数据是区域地震台网产出的重要成果,是开展地球科学研究的重要资料。整理全国31个省份1973—2008年区域地震台网纸质震相报告和地震卡片,按统一格式录入震相数据,建立数据共享服务系统。文中系统阐述区域地震台网的发展过程、历史震相数据的整合、地震观测报告的主要内容及震级的测定方法,并介绍了历史震相数据共享服务系统和快速索引下载方法,为科研人员提供共享服务。     

Jenniferann.com,regional development,and realising the aspirations of mana whenua in Pōkeno

During the 1990s, the township of Pōkeno was held up as an example of a declining rural Aotearoa/New Zealand. By‐passed from the national state highway, it lost its status as a service hub and drastic measures were introduced to revitalise the town, including renaming the town “ Jenniferann.com .” Pōkeno has since undergone an unlikely transformation, with foreign investment and its location within an extended Auckland commuter zone meaning that the township has grown exponentially. This article describes the transformation of Pōkeno and uncovers what has been missing from discussions about Pōkeno's reinvention, namely, the place of mana whenua.     

基于GIS和BP神经网络的区域农村贫困空间模拟分析——一种区域贫困程度测度新方法

基于区域农村贫困程度测定方式不完善及缺乏地理视角的现状,选取四川省36个国家级扶贫县为实证对象,构建自然社会经济全面耦合的农村贫困测度指标体系,分析区域农村贫困的影响机制,并运用GIS与BP神经网络模拟区域自然致贫指数、社会致贫指数和经济消贫指数的空间分布格局。在此基础上,提出了全面表征区域农村贫困程度的区域扶贫压力指数——一种新的区域农村贫困测度方法,为国家扶贫政策文件《财政扶贫资金管理办法》中关于财政扶贫资金基于区域农村贫困程度分配提供实践基础。     

浙江省入海河流概况和河海区域管理及河海划界相关问题的建议

简要介绍了浙江省钱塘江(含曹娥江)、甬江等5条主要入海河流的基本情况与河口整治和开发利用的情况以及河口区域管理的主要相关法规和机构.由于海洋管理客体的特殊性,河口区域海洋管理中的涉海主体矛盾不断增多,指出并分析了河口管理中存在的3个方面的具体问题以及解决河口区域管理中存在问题的若干思考.当前河口区域管理的不甚协调局面是由于历史短暂的海洋专门管理与传统大陆型管理存在脱节造成的.目前,政府对河口区域的管理正处于由传统向现代的转型期,要解决这个问题,一是理顺依据不一问题,二是做好各部门管理工作的衔接.各行政主管部门应依据有关法律法规的要求,既不能缺位,也不能越位,建立以协调为核心的科学化管理机制已成为当今迫切需要解决的问题.在河口区域中相对有效地解决河海划界的问题,本质上就是解决该区域的陆海分界问题,选择海岸线作为标准较为恰当.当前在河海划界问题上存在诸多误区,科学认识河海划界,正确把握海陆分界的实质,才能把河海划界的研究及其成果最大限度地应用到维护国家权益上,同时从法制型政府建设的角度,站在当地经济社会谋求更大发展空间的全局高度,在法律的框架内更为理性地分析和处理河海划界中出现的各种矛盾和问题,在这一过程中,建立健全陆地与海洋管理的协调机制是十分必要的.     

Towards Regional Synergy: Reconciling Rangeland Ecological Functioning with Forage Production of Cultivated Pasture

Animal husbandry and crop farming are specialized for development in separate areas on the Tibetan Plateau. Such a pattern of isolation has led to current concerns of rangeland and farming system degradation due to intensive land use. The crop-livestock integration, however, has been proven to increase food and feed productivity thorough niche complementarity, and is thereby especially effective for promoting ecosystem resilience. Regional synergy has emerged as an integrated approach to reconcile rangeland livestock with forage crop production. It moves beyond the specialized sectors of animal husbandry and intensive agriculture to coordinate them through regional coupling. Therefore, crop-livestock integration (CLI) has been suggested as one of the effective solutions to forage deficit and livestock production in grazing systems. But it is imperative that CLI moves forward from the farm level to the regional scale, in order to secure regional synergism during agro-pastoral development. The national key R & D program, Technology and Demonstration of Recovery and Restoration of Degraded Alpine Ecosystems on the Tibetan Plateau, aims to solve the problems of alpine grassland degradation by building up a grass-based animal husbandry technology system that includes synergizing forage production and ecological functioning, reconciling the relationship between ecology, forage production and animal husbandry, and achieving the win-win goals of curbing grassland degradation and changing the development mode of animal husbandry. It is imperative to call for regional synergy through integrating ecological functioning with ecosystem services, given the alarming threat of rangeland degradation on the Tibetan Plateau. The series of papers in this issue, together with those published previously, provide a collection of rangeland ecology and management studies in an effort to ensure the sustainable use and management of the alpine ecosystems.     

利用GPS双频数据进行区域电离层TEC提取

目的 从利用GPS提取区域电离层总电子含量(total electron content,TEC)的基本原理出发,解决了伪距观测值优化以及硬件延迟(DCB)处理问题,并将提取的TEC信息与欧洲定轨中心(CODE)计算的全球电离层(GIM)模型内插值应用在单频精密单点定位中,进行电离层延迟改正实验。结果表明,利用本文提取的TEC值进行单频精密单点定位电(PPP)离层延迟改正时,点位精度能提高到0.2～0.4m左右,明显优于利用GIM内插值的改正精度。     

湛江组结构性黏土区域微观结构特性研究

形成于早更新世的湛江组地层广泛分布于雷州半岛地区,其最为典型的灰色黏土因具有强结构性,在实际工程中出现了一系列岩土工程问题,为众多学者所关注。根据地层学研究结果,雷州半岛各区域的湛江组灰色黏土具有不同沉积环境。由于地质成因的差异,灰色黏土在不同区域表现出不同的工程特性。工程实际中,灰色黏土工程特性的区域性,使得工程界及研究者对于该土层的工程力学效益更是难以掌握。利用X射线衍射试验及电镜扫描试验,研究了不同区域灰色黏土的矿物成分及含量、微结构等微观结构特性。结果表明：不同沉积环境灰色黏土矿物成分及含量存在区域性差异,各矿物成分按照不同比例组合,形成的土体微结构区域特性明显。灰色黏土具有强结构性微观机制的揭示及区域差异性的分析,有利于对该层黏土的全面认知和利用。     

Regional Distribution and Prospects of Potash in China

China was formed by amalgamation of several small continental blocks (cratons), micro, blocks and orogenic belts in different paleoclimatic settings. It may be correlated with other continental blocks but has its own specific characteristics; therefore the tectonic environments of China’s marine and continental saline basins and salt, and potash, forming environment have some specific characteristics: multiple phases of salt formation, difference in salt, forming ages, migration and concentration of salt, forming processes and diversity of component materials, as well as small sizes of marine saline basins and great changes of saline basins in the late stage and occurrence of abundant liquid mineral resources. The nature of the tectonic basement exerted a key controlling effect on the formation of potash basins. The stable tectonic region was favorable for potash concentration in a quasi, stable region, and quasi, and the quasi-stable region was favorable for salt concentration and potash formation in a local stable tectonic region. Most China’s major ancient saline basins occur in “quasi, cratons (continental block)”; especially all the marine saline basins occur in continental blocks with the Precambrian basement. These regions are the key ones for potash search. Most relatively large, scale soluble salt deposits are developed in relatively stable continental nuclei. According to the characteristics of the tectonic domains where China’s salt, forming basins are located, the North China, Yangtze and Tarim, Qaidam salt minerogenetic domains and the northern Qiangtang, western Yunnan salt minerogenetic belt may be distinguished. Their salt and potash prospects will be discussed separately.