Agricultural effluent control under uncertainty: An inexact double-sided fuzzy chance-constrained model

An inexact double-sided fuzzy chance-constrained programming (IDFCCP) method was developed in this study and applied to an agricultural effluent control management problem. IDFCCP was formulated through incorporating interval linear programming (ILP) into a double-sided fuzzy chance-constrained programming (DFCCP) framework, and could be used to deal with uncertainties expressed as not only possibility distributions associated with both left- and right-hand-side components of constraints but also discrete intervals in the objective function. The study results indicated that IDFCCP allowed violation of system constraints at specified confidence levels, where each confidence level consisted of two reliability scenarios. This could lead to model solutions with high system benefits under acceptable risk magnitudes. Furthermore, the introduction of ILP allowed uncertain information presented as discrete intervals to be communicated into the optimization process, such that a variety of decision alternatives can be generated by adjusting the decision-variable values within their intervals. The proposed model could help decision makers establish various production patterns with cost-effective water quality management schemes under complex uncertainties, and gain in-depth insights into the trade-offs between system economy and reliability.     

有限元与改进单纯形法联合编程技术在位移反分析中的应用

根据弹性地基梁法基本思想,考虑基坑分步开挖和逐级加撑的动态施工因素,通过有限元计算模拟基坑实际开挖过程。结合现场监测数据,采用位移反分析方法反演各土层m 值,并准确预测后续工况支护体的变形。采用有限元通用软件ANSYS内嵌的APDL语言编程建立支护体有限元计算模型,并应用数学软件MATLAB编制“改进单纯形法”优化程序,编写了接口程序,实现了MATLAB对ANSYS模型的实时循环调用和逐步寻优。武汉长江隧道武昌明挖段基坑工程算例证明,基于单纯形法的联合编程技术能方便、高效地被应用于支护体位移反分析预测中。建立了基于本工况预测下一工况或相邻断面的扩展型位移反分析预测模型,预测结果与实测结果拟合程度较高。     

Spatial interpolation using nonlinear mathematical programming models for estimation of missing precipitation records

Abstract

New mathematical programming models are proposed, developed and evaluated in this study for estimating missing precipitation data. These models use nonlinear and mixed integer nonlinear mathematical programming (MINLP) formulations with binary variables. They overcome the limitations associated with spatial interpolation methods relevant to the arbitrary selection of weighting parameters, the number of control points within a neighbourhood, and the size of the neighbourhood itself. The formulations are solved using genetic algorithms. Daily precipitation data obtained from 15 rain gauging stations in a temperate climatic region are used to test and derive conclusions about the efficacy of these methods. The developed methods are compared with some naïve approaches, multiple linear regression, nonlinear least-square optimization, kriging, and global and local trend surface and thin-plate spline models. The results suggest that the proposed new mathematical programming formulations are superior to those obtained from all the other spatial interpolation methods tested in this study.

Editor D. Koutsoyiannis; Associate editor S. Grimaldi

Citation Teegavarapu, R.S.V., 2012. Spatial interpolation using nonlinear mathematical programming models for estimation of missing precipitation records. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 57 (3), 383–406.     

Assessment of sediment transport approaches for sand-bed rivers by means of machine learning

Abstract

The quantification of the sediment carrying capacity of a river is a difficult task that has received much attention. For sand-bed rivers especially, several sediment transport functions have appeared in the literature based on various concepts and approaches; however, since they present a significant discrepancy in their results, none of them has become universally accepted. This paper employs three machine learning techniques, namely artificial neural networks, symbolic regression based on genetic programming and an adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system, for the derivation of sediment transport formulae for sand-bed rivers from field and laboratory flume data. For the determination of the input parameters, some of the most prominent fundamental approaches that govern the phenomenon, such as shear stress, stream power and unit stream power, are utilized and a comparison of their efficacy is provided. The results obtained from the machine learning techniques are superior to those of the commonly-used sediment transport formulae and it is shown that each of the input combinations tested has its own merit, as they produce similarly good results with respect to the data-driven technique employed.

Editor Z.W. Kundzewicz     

全站仪数据格式转换程序设计与实现

在分析数据存储文件格式的基础上,设计了数据的读取算法,对观测数据进行自动化识别,生成标准记录格式的观测数据文件和CASS通用编码格式的展点数据文件,从而减轻了内业数据处理工作量,提高了工作效率。     

基于Casiofx-9860GSD计算器的公路线路计算软件设计与开发

基于Casio fx-9860 G SD型计算器的特性,笔者利用VS2008开发出能够读取、处理维地道路系统生成的Excel直曲表,并能生成计算器能读取的线元串列数据库文件的软件。然后利用生成的串列文件在计算器中进行线路任意里程正反算。实现了公路平面设计参数的自动转换、输入。本文着重介绍软件开发、工程实例中遇到的问题和解决方法。通过多个工程实践证明,该系统可以很好地帮助测量技术人员快速、准确地进行横断面测量、线路中边桩放样、线路地形图等工作,提高了线路测量的效率和规范性。     

Optimization of land use structure based on ecological GREEN equivalent

Optimization of land use structure consists of economic and social and ecological optimization. Applying the minds of system engineering and principles of ecology, this paper presents such thoughts: the optimal forest-coverage rate calculated according to the reality of a district is set as main standard of ecological rationality in the district; through considering the value of ecosystem services of the land with GREEN equivalent (mainly cultivated land and grassland) and based on the rule, GREEN equivalent, this paper introduces the area conversion between woodland and cultivated land, also between woodland and grassland; this paper establishes a multi-dimension controlling model of optimization of land use structure. In addition, a multi-objective linear programming model for optimization of land use structure is designed. In the end, this paper tests and verifies this theory of ecological optimization, taking Qionghai city in Hainan Province as an example.     

基于AutoCAD的房产基础测绘成图软件设计与实现

房产基础测绘为城市房产管理提供最基础的地理信息数据。为满足单位开展房产基础测绘工作的需要,针对房产基础测绘的规范要求,设计实现了一套以AutoCAD为开发平台的房产基础测绘成图软件。该文重点介绍了软件开发过程中的绘图菜单设计、图形图例符号绘制及相应的绘图程序开发工作。     

基于C#编程统计地球化学异常特征参数及综合异常评序的方法

在地球化学勘查项目的资料整理中,应用C#2.0语言编制应用程序,实现批量统计圈定地球化学异常的特征参数及综合异常参数和评序,方法简便,省时、准确。首先建立包含样点坐标和元素分析数据的文本格式文件,将MapGIS软件制作的地球化学异常图及综合异常图的异常边界线转换成"SDTF格式",利用程序读取各元素异常区内的数据,统计其异常面积、平均值、衬度、规模等异常特征参数。再根据程序计算后的综合异常面积、平均衬度、规格化面金属量三个指标对其进行评序,输出统计结果值表,该方法为进一步研究地球化学异常特征提供了数据支持。     

高重复率SLR数据预处理方法的实现

千次重复频率SLR技术主要优势是观测数据量犬,从而得到高精度测量结果,相比低重复频率(小于10Hz)测距资料,kHz数据量有近百倍的增加,因而快速、有效对每次每圈卫星kHz资料处理是高重复率激光测距重要内容,以满足ILRS对测距数据及时处理和发送的要求.通过采用均匀选取数据的点图方式,加速数据点屏幕显示;采用Visua...