Urban Residential Land Value Analysis： Case Danyang, China

The research attempts to find out how the location of the CBD(central business district), the dis- tance to the main roads, the distribution of the public facilities, and the urban land-use pattern influence the urban residential land value variations. The study begins by identifying the influences into two categories: general circumstance and micro/neighboring circumstances. Benchmark price and market land value are tested to be the results influenced by general circumstance and both the influential range and the influential force of individual land-use are investigated and compared. At last explicit case comparisons are also taken for testing the result. The finding of the research is not only useful for understanding the spatial patterns of land values, but also beneficial for the policy-makers concerning land administration and urban planning.     

Continuous measurement of sediment transport in the Erlenbach stream using piezoelectric bedload impact sensors

We report on bedload transport observations using piezoelectric bedload impact sensors (PBIS), an indirect method of estimating the volume of bedload transport of coarse sediment. The PBIS device registers vibrations produced by bedload (particle diameter >～20 mm) and records the signal as a sum of the number of impulses per time. Sediment transport at the Erlenbach stream has been continuously monitored with a PBIS array starting in 1986. The sensor array spans the width of an entire cross‐section and is mounted flush with the surface of a check dam immediately upstream of a sediment retention basin. We compare PBIS data with long‐term sedimentation records obtained from repeated surveys of material stored in the sediment retention basin, with artificial sediment input under controlled conditions in the field, and also with laboratory experiments. The rate of bedload transport is proportional to the number of impacts on the sensor per unit time. The reliability of the calibration relationship increases with the length of the observation period, e.g. for higher numbers of impacts and larger bedload volumes. Sediment volumes for individual flood events estimated with the PBIS method are in agreement with volumes estimated using an independent empirical method based on the effective runoff volume of water, the peak water discharge, and the critical discharge for the onset of sediment transport. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Relation of Isotope Geochemical Steep Zones with Geophysical Fields and Tectonics in the Junction Area of the Cathaysian, Yangtze and Indochina Plates

Through lead isotope geochemical mapping in the Yunnan-Guizhou area geochemical steep zones (GSZ) have been established, which clearly reveal the junction relationship of the Cathaysian, Yangtze and Indo-China plates. GSZ are closey related to gravity Mono gradient zones and lithospheric thickness. The GSZ between the Yangtze and Cathaysian plates is consistent with the Shizong-Mile tectonic belt, where island arc basalts are well developed. The Yangtze-Indo-China GSZ is parallel to the Jingdong-Mojiang volcanic belt in rift-island arc environments. The evidence of geology, geophysics and geochemistry all indicates that Cathaysia was subducted towards the Yangtze plate and that the Yangtze plate was underthrust beneath the Indo-China, which took place from the Early Carboniferous to the Early Triassic.     

金沙江水电开发中的超高陡边坡问题

讨论了金沙江中、下游复杂的地质环境和地形特征。如 ,发育的活动性构造、强烈和频繁的地震活动以及世界水电工程中罕见的陡峻超高边坡等。分析了高坝大库施工和运营过程中可能出现的边坡问题 ,诸如边坡岩体中的高应力状态 ,陡峻超高边坡的地震响应 ,边坡岩体强度在频繁、强烈地震影响下的弱化 ,加固技术和高成本 ,以及高位能、大流量泄洪的影响等问题。系统深入地开展这些问题的研究 ,将对选坝、工程布置、工期、造价和施工运行安全以及岩体工程地质力学理论的发展都有十分重要的意义。     

黑河中游灌区水价探讨

在实施黑河流域治理中,建设节水型社会农业节水极为关键。水价是促进节水灌溉的最重要经济手段。为此,在对黑河中游各灌区现状水价调查的基础上,分析了各灌区现状水价水平及用水户对水价的承受能力,并提出了有关调整农业灌溉水价试行的建议:试行累进制水价、季节浮动水价达到流域节水目的。调查分析表明:各灌区现状水价偏低,达不到成本水价。农户可承受的水价水平为0.12元·m-3。累进制水价以0.12元·m-3为基价,以净灌溉定额作为用水基数。季节浮动水价在春灌期及冬灌期,水价取0.15元·m-3,其余月份取0.08元·m-3。     

干旱区水资源费的构成与确定

干旱区水资源的稀缺性,使得确定缺水地区合理的水价体系,制定有效的水价政策,充分体现水资源的高"价值",成为合理利用水资源急需解决的问题。从分析水资源费的构成要素,并从边际机会成本的角度对水资源的价格进行了探讨,认为水资源的价格不是由其平均机会成本,而是由其边际机会成本决定的,水资源使用者所付的价格应等于社会负担的自然资源利用与耗竭的代价——边际机会成本。     

城镇基准地价平衡研究

城镇基准地价平衡,是为了协调区域地价,充分发挥地价在调控土地市场中的作用,使基准地价能客观地反映出不同城镇间真实的经济差异和地价水平,促进土地市场的均衡发展。基准地价平衡以土地分等为依据,并综合考虑在区域内的地位和作用、不同城镇间的经济差异、市场地价总体水平等情况确定,形成各等城市、县、建制镇的基准地价序位。以山东省17个地级市为例,研究了基准地价平衡的过程,把山东省17个地级市的地价纳入到同一个体系中,使城镇间的地价建立起可比性,为城镇地价体系的建立奠定了基础。     

关于地震灾害快速评估系统的思考

基于地震快速评估经济损失结果与地震现场调查得到的经济损失结果有较大的差异现象, 为了进一步提高地震快速评估经济损失结果的精确性, 笔者通过对地震快速评估经济损失结果和实际现场调查得到的经济损失结果进行对比研究, 并从建筑物单价和建筑物损失比的角度对快速评估结果进行修正, 以发生在云南境内的10次典型地震为例, 初步得出了对地震经济损失快速评估结果粗略的修正系数。 在一定程度上较大提高了地震快速评估经济损失的精确性。 为地震救援指挥工作提供了更加可靠的依据。     

陡坡带油气藏构造特征与油气聚集规律——以渤海油田旅大6构造为例

旅大6构造是渤海海域新近发现的一个中型油田.该构造位于辽东低凸起中南段陡坡带,为层状构造油气藏,垂向上多层系含油,形成典型的“阶梯式”陡坡带复式油气藏.走滑作用对构造形成、储层发育、断层封堵、油气运移都有重要的作用.构造转折端对沉积卸载形成优质储层具有重要作用,奠定了旅大6构造是辽东低凸起中南段有利成藏区的物质基础;辽中一号断层与区域走滑断层同向,具有走滑压扭性质是控圈断层侧封的关键.南北区块以及东二下段、东三段油气丰度迥异,伸展断层的运移能力和控圈断层的封堵能力共同决定了旅大6构造南区东二下段油气的差异富集成藏.     

西安市住宅价格空间结构和分异规律分析

利用ESDA方法对西安市城区的291个普通住宅项目均价数据进行研究,通过计算Moran指数和半变异函数分析了其空间自相关性和变异性,并进行了趋势分析。应用Kriging空间插值方法对西安市普通住宅价格空间分布进行了模拟。研究结果表明:西安市房价存在显著的空间自相关性,大部分住宅价格呈空间集聚格局,少部分因存在空间异质性而呈离散分布;房价变异函数表现出各向异性,不同方向有不同结构特征,空间自相关尺度为14.2km;西安市房价空间分异规律明显,房价分布格局受城市功能区划和交通影响较大。