The Bulger Case: A Spatial Story

Abstract

This paper contributes to debates in the emerging field of cinematic cartography () by exploring the ways in which strategies of digital cinemapping can function as tools of critical spatial practice and urban wayfinding. More specifically, the paper considers the scope for digital video technologies to reshape, contest and ‘ground’ spaces of urban representation and the ‘spatial stories’ these bring into play. Basing my analysis on the mediation of the events surrounding the abduction and murder of the 2-year-old boy James Bulger in 1993, I examine the case as a constellation of spatial narratives within which I weave my own spatial story in the form of a video mapping of the abduction route (in Bootle near Liverpool) and the responses and issues this further mediation has provoked. Methodological reflections on the map-making process are discussed alongside narratives generated by the video on YouTube. The paper argues that, by adopting practices of wayfinding, and by being critically attentive to the ways in which film and video-making practices are also spatial practices, moving image cartographies can provide insights into lived and embedded spaces of memory, and the hidden or muted spatial stories to which they play host.     

数字制图技术中元胞自动机的设计与规划

数字制图自执行框架为改善数字制图过程复杂、周期冗长的状况提供了途径,自执行框架的构成需要大量的数字制图元胞自动机作为主体。通过对一体化数字制图处理方法的分析,总结出数字制图处理方法的3种基本形态以及作用流程,并对其中的常见方法进行了分析规划,为数字制图元胞自动机方法库的建立提供了基础。     

多曲线求交的批量解法

本文提出了求解大量曲线交点的一种批量解法，在该算法运行时，将首先应用矢量栅格化方法探测可能相交的曲线和交点的大致位置，然后从这些结果出发经数学运算得到精确的曲线交点，从而减少了曲线求交的计算量。本算法可提高地理信息系统及计算机制图系统中矢量数据求交运算的速度，从而增强它们的数据处理能力。     

Surfer Automation技术在长井段油藏描述中的应用

Automation技术是一种新型的数据访问技术,它提供了一种不同模块之间相互操作的方法。Surfer Automation是基于Surfer软件的Automation技术,可以实现Surfer面向对象编程语言的二次开发。这里以柴达木盆地尕斯库勒油田上盘为例,运用Surfer Automation技术及其与VB编程语言的接口,结合地质认识进行参数调整,选取合理的数学方法,批量自动化建立了各种用于油藏描述的地质模型,提高了长井段油藏的建模效率,且避免了一些人为因素导致的误差,为油藏精细描述带来了便利。     

Mapping Inequality in London: A Different Approach

Abstract

Maps provide an effective means of distributing ideas simply, creating a format where spatial data can be easily understood. However, a lot of people are not aware where administrative boundaries lie, limiting their appeal for educating the public on important issues such as poverty and inequality. This paper seeks to utilize a well-known cartographic map design, the London Underground map, to aid data dissemination of the complex issues surrounding inequality and deprivation in London. A discussion of the relevance of this approach to researching inequality in London, as well as how this fits in with previous approaches to mapping poverty is provided. An example using the recent release of the Indices of Multiple Deprivation 2010 shows the usefulness of this design.     

Why Geography Still Needs Pen and Ink Cartography

Abstract

Maps are fundamental in geographic explanation and education, but as map-making becomes firmly entrenched in the GIS lab, it becomes harder for students to imagine how they can make maps for their papers. Students need to illustrate papers with maps: among other things, maps provide clarity, links to real places, and insights into patterns and context of phenomena discussed in student papers. A simple, quick, and aesthetically satisfying method for students to make their own maps is presented. This map making method can help students can think more creatively and geographically about their topics.     

A Study of the Local Geometric Accuracy of Count de Ferraris's Carte de cabinet (1770s) Using Differential Distortion Analysis

The eighteenth century Carte de cabinet of count de Ferraris is the first large-scale (1:11?520) topographic map of the entire Belgian territory, making it a valuable source of historical information. In the past, a number of studies have tried to assess the geometric accuracy of this map, but they all suffer from restricted technical capabilities for computing and visualizing the distortions, and most of them only focus on a limited number of the 275 map sheets. This paper therefore seeks to provide the first systematic and in-depth investigation of the map’s local geometric accuracy. Recently, two Belgian government agencies georeferenced the Flemish and Walloon part of the Carte de cabinet with a high level of detail, using some 30,000 ground control points to link the old map to the modern topographic map of Belgium. These data sets represent a new and unprecedented potential source of accuracy information. However, the high number of control points and our desire to compute distortions in an exact, local, quantitative and continuous way meant prominent techniques for studying the geometric accuracy of old maps, such as displacement vectors, distortion grids, triangular nets and the popular MapAnalyst software, were unsuited for this task. To meet all our requirements a new technique called Differential Distortion Analysis, which is influenced by the treatment of distortions in map projection theory, was used instead. Its advantages, structure and application to the Carte de cabinet are discussed in detail. The new technique allows calculating and displaying the map’s local angular and surface distortions with a very high spatial resolution. Consequently, it was possible to identify trends in the obtained levels of accuracy and to relate these to historical facts about the Carte de cabinet’s production process. This has resulted in important new insights into the map’s geometric accuracy.     

Evaluating the impact of visualization of risk upon emergency route-planning

ABSTRACT

This paper reports on a controlled experiment evaluating how different cartographic representations of risk affect participants’ performance on a complex spatial decision task: route planning. The specific experimental scenario used is oriented towards emergency route-planning during flood response. The experiment compared six common abstract and metaphorical graphical symbolizations of risk. The results indicate a pattern of less-preferred graphical symbolizations associated with slower responses and lower-risk route choices. One mechanism that might explain these observed relationships would be that more complex and effortful maps promote closer attention paid by participants and lower levels of risk taking. Such user considerations have important implications for the design of maps and mapping interfaces for emergency planning and response. The data also highlights the importance of the ‘right decision, wrong outcome problem’ inherent in decision-making under uncertainty: in individual instances, more risky decisions do not always lead to worse outcomes.     

中国现代地图学发展的成功经验

系统分析和阐明了中国现代地图学发展的成功经验,主要包括:地图事业的发展必须适应国家经济建设和社会发展的需要;重视和积极培养各层次的地图学专业人才;重视地图学的理论研究,不断提高地图编制技术水平,实现由传统工艺向数字化与自动化的根本变革。