BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Development and Environment in Peninsular Malaysia . S. Robert Aiken, Colin H. Leigh, Thomas R. Leinbach, Michael R. Moss. The Rural-Urban Fringe: Canadian Perspectives . Ken B. Beesley and Lorne H. Russwurm, eds. Women and Development . Lourdes Benería, ed. The Border that Joins: Mexican Migrants and U.S. Responsibility . Peter G. Brown and Henry Shue, eds. Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development . Stanley D. Brunn and Jack L. Williams, eds. Time Resources, Society, and Ecology: On the Capacity for Human Interaction in Space and Time (Vol. I, Preindustrial Societies). Tommy Carlstein. Urban Geography . David Clark. Spanish City Planning in North America . Dora P. Crouch, Daniel J. Garr, and Axel I. Mundigo. Not On Our Street: Community Attitudes to Mental Health Care . M. J. Dear and S. M. Taylor Unequal growth: Urban and Regional Employment Change in the U.K. Stephen Fothergill and Graham Gudgin. Agricultural Land in an Urban Society . Owen J. Furuseth and John T. Pierce. The Petroleum Industry in Oil-Importing Developing Countries . Fariborz Ghadar. Historical Understanding in Geography, An Idealist Approach . Leonard Guelke. Regional Planning in Europe . R. Hudson and J. R. Lewis, eds. Remote Sensing for Resource Management . Chris J. Johannsen and James L. Sanders, eds. Geography and The State . R. J. Johnston. Texas Graveyards: a Cultural Legacy . Tlrry G. Jordan. The Politics of Location: An Introduction . Andrew Kirby. A Social Geography of the City . David Ley. Energy and the Future . Douglas MacLean and Peter Brown, eds. The Natural Environment of Newfoundland Past and Present . A. G. Macpherson and J. B. Macpherson, eds. Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts . Alister Mathieson and Geoffrey Wall. Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention . Lloyd J. Mercer. Progress in Rural Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Urban Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Models of Spatial Inequality: Settlement Patterns in Historical Archaeology . Robert Paynter. Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy, Anticipating the Unexpected . William J. Petak and Arthur A. Atkisson. The Nature of Geomorphology . Alistair F. Pitty. Regional Conflict and National Policy . Kent A. Price Women and Spatial Change: Learning Resources for Social Science Courses . Arlene C. Rengert and Janice J. Monk, eds. Urban and Regional Analysis for Development Planning . Richard Rhoda. Rivers: Form and Process in Alluvial Channels . Keith Richards. This Remarkable Continent: An Atlas of United States and Canadian Society and Culture . John F. Rooney, Jr., Wilbur Zelinsky, and Dean R. Louder, gen. eds. The Origins of Open-Field Agriculture . Trevor Rowley, ed. Residential Location Determinants of the Older Population . Gundars Rudzitis. Borderland Sourcebook: A Guide to the Literature on Northern Mexico and the American Southwest . Ellwyn R. Stoddard, Richard L. Nostrand, and Jonathan P. West, eds. Arctic and Antarctic . David Sugden. Tall Timbers Ecology and Management Conference, February 22–24, 1979, Proceedings No. 16 . Graphic Communication and Design in Contemporary Cartography (Progress in Contemporary Cartography , Vol. II). D. R. Fraser Taylor, ed. Living with Energy Shortfall: A Future for American Towns and Cities . Jon Van Til. The United States: Habitation of Hope . J. Wreford Watson. Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists . D. R. Wilson. Urban and Rural Change in West Germany . Trevor Wild, ed. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson.     

江苏省农村城镇化的村庄规模变动研究

该文分析江苏省农村城镇化过程中的村庄规模变动,指出当前主要问题是:村庄人口减少和用地面积增大;农宅占地过大;小城镇吸纳力不足。探讨其变化的动力机制,城镇空间扩展和基础设施建设是主要的外因,内部建设用地变动是主要的内因。提出未来村庄建设要加强村庄规模的调控力度,适应农村城镇化的需要。     

人口数据空间分布化模型研究

分析人口数据地理空间分布化的必要性，针对常用的表示人口分布方法的不足，提出将人口数据分布到规则格网上的数字人口模型(Digital Population Model，简称DPM)，并详细阐述了DPM建立的原理及实现的技术方法，以及目标区域格网划分的原则、方法。通过样区实验，证实该方法表示分布人口的准确性、合理性。     

生态位理论在我国城市发展中的应用

该文将生态位理论用于城市研究，引入城市人口生态位和城市生态场势，并用二者的均衡协调程度分析了我国18个中心城市的发展现状，具体分为协调型，低人口生态位，高城市生态场势型和高人口生态位，低城市生态场势型三种类型，并针对不同的类型提出了今后的发展方向和发展重点。     

一种人口连续分布模型的研究

分析了常用的表示人口分布的方法及其不足，提出了将人口统计数据空间分布化的方法，将研究区域划分为一定分辨率的格网，用距离衰减函数将人口密度估计值分配到每个格网上，每个格网上的人口是均匀分布的，随着格网分辨率的提高，就可以模拟出符合人口说细分布的人口密度空间连续分布模型，并通过实验说明该方法是可行的。     

昆明市流动人口空间结构研究

人口流动是一种复杂的人文现象，对社会生活具有广泛的影响。本文利用昆明市第四次、第五次人口普查数据和昆明市公安局提供的暂住人口资料，从县(市、区)和乡镇、街道两级地域单元分析了昆明市流动人口的空间结构特征、空间变动趋势和空间形成机制，同时，运用统计、空间分析等方法，进一步划分了昆明市流动人口类型区。     

我国人口大省与地域大省适宜规模研究--以河南省为例

文章阐述了河南省长期维持近1亿人口大省的规模是导致该省教育长期落后,社会经济恶性循环的重要原因;对我国人口大省的适宜规模进行分析,提出将河南省划分为郑州直辖市与新河南省的参考方案。最后对我国地域大省的适宜规模进行分析,并对划分的原则及南海诸岛4个行政区的设立等问题提出了4条建议。     

Formulating a General Spatial Segregation Measure*

Most traditional segregation measures, such as the index of dissimilarity D, fail to distinguish spatial patterns effectively. Previously proposed spatial measures modifying D suffer from several shortcomings. This article describes a general spatial segregation index based upon the concept of composite population counts, which are derived from grouping people in neighboring areas together to account implicitly for spatial interaction of groups across unit boundaries. The suggested spatial index can overcome the disadvantages of previous indices and can assess the spatial extent of the segregated clusters. The results offer a more comprehensive depiction of spatial segregation of a region.     

The quality and qualities of population statistics, and the place of the census

Population counts are a key anchor for much of the official statistical system and the benchmark for many commercial and research surveys and analysis. Statistical offices around the world face a wide range of challenges in counting their population, most particularly in the years between censuses, as population flows become much freer and family structures continue to evolve. This paper considers these issues, reviewing how population counts have evolved over time in the UK and other countries. The paper also looks to the future, considering ways in which population count methodology might develop.