遗传算法在影像模糊增强中的应用

影像增强是图像处理的基本内容之一,其目的是改善图像的"视觉效果"。以遗传算法优良的全局寻优特点及影像的模糊性为基础,将遗传算法引入到影像模糊增强处理当中,用于选择模糊增强参数,并对适应度函数进行了改进,加入了对对比度信息的限定,产生了比较好的增强效果。     

基于遗传算法的商业区位选址研究

分析了购物商场选址要求的目标约束性条件,采用了GIS空间分析功能,实现了遗传算法确定符合条件的地理范围。     

高分辨率遥感影像特征分割及算法评价分析

图像分割一直是图像处理和计算机视觉领域中的一项关键技术。本文首先从遥感影像地学处理与应用的角度阐述了影像分割技术对于遥感信息提取和目标识别的重要性,然后提出了基于特征的高分辨率遥感影像信息提取技术框架,建立了一套基于特征的遥感影像分割方法及分类体系。同时,鉴于遥感影像分割方法评价的重要性, 阐述了一种高分辨率遥感影像分割方法评价的思路,并对几种典型的基于特征的遥感影像分割方法进行定性和定量的试验和评价,对其各自的性能和适用面进行对比分析。最后,指出了遥感影像特征分割方法所存在的问题及其发展趋势。     

Optimal design of tuned mass dampers for a multi‐storey cross laminated timber building against seismic loads

In this paper, the effectiveness of different design solutions for tuned mass dampers (TMD) applied to high‐rise cross‐laminated (X‐Lam) timber buildings as a means to reduce the seismic accelerations was investigated. A seven‐storey full‐scale structure previously tested on shaking table was used as a reference. The optimal design parameters of the TMDs, i.e. damping and frequency ratios, were determined by using a genetic algorithm on a simplified model of the reference structure, composed by seven masses each representing one storey. The optimal solutions for the TMDs were then applied to a detailed finite element model of the seven‐storey building, where the timber panels were modelled with shell elements and the steel connectors with linear spring. By comparing the numerical results of the building with and without multiple TMDs, the improvement in seismic response was assessed. Dynamic time‐history analyses were carried out for a set of seven natural records, selected in accordance with Eurocode 8, on the simplified model, and for Kobe earthquake ground motion on the detailed model. Results in terms of acceleration reduction for different TMD configurations show that the behaviour of the seven‐storey timber building can be significantly improved, especially at the upper storeys. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于可持续性视角的建设用地适宜性评价及其应用

建设用地适宜性是土地资源利用与管理决策的依据。本文基于土地利用可持续性界定建设用地适宜性内涵,从灾害风险、地形地貌、生态环境和区位条件4个维度,构建了较规范的适宜性指标体系;针对已有评价方法的不足,构建了整合极值法、条件函数法、线性加权综合的“多要素分布式算法——情景矩阵”评估框架;进而基于适宜性识别冲突空间,以空间冲突面积占总建设用地面积的比重作为空间冲突强度来刻画区域建设空间布局的合理性与可持续性。本文以新疆玛纳斯县为例开展研究,结果表明玛纳斯县适宜建设空间（达230 km²以上）约占全县总面积的26%;最适宜和比较适宜性建设用地主要分布于中部及中北部乡镇及农（团）场驻地附近,基本适宜建设区主要分布在比较适宜建设空间的外围及中南部山前平原地带;该县冲突空间达4.21 km²,占建成区面积的22.74‰;冲突空间主要分布在河流沿岸和中部城镇化发展区;南部、北部的生态脆弱区及中部工业化发展区的乡镇空间冲突强度也较高。研究表明,本文提出的建设用地适宜性评估框架与方法逼近客观现实,简单易行,能弥补以往评价方法的不足;适宜性在空间冲突分析与可持续性土地利用管理中具有较好的应用价值。     

适用于任意旋转角的三维直角坐标转换方法

直接从三维直角坐标转换的非线性方程出发,根据最优化问题的极值条件,采用基于同伦连续思想的Li-Yorke算法进行求解。结果表明,该方法是一种结果稳定、精度较高的大范围收敛方法,适用于任意旋转角的三维直角坐标转换。     

一种改进的自适应遗传算法在影像匹配中的应用

影像匹配是计算机视觉及数字摄影测量的核心问题。基于遗传算法的全局寻优特点及影像匹配的具体特点,本文将遗传算法引入到遥感影像的匹配定位中。针对遗传算法中变异概率、交叉概率在实验中始终保持不变的缺点,本文利用Fibonacci数列对基于遗传算法的影像匹配进行了自适应改进。实验结果表明这种方法可以产生一个快速而且可靠的匹配结果。     

基于改进型多流向算法的地形指数空间尺度变化分析

地形指数ln(α/tanβ)是流域径流源面积和地下水水位空间分布特征的近似表征,是地形特征参数化的重要指标。基于改进后的地形指数多流向计算方法,在0.5×0.5°的区域气候模式尺度框架下,探讨了地形离散和平滑效应分别对地形指数尺度变化的影响程度;研究了地形指数在100和1000m栅格尺度上的相关性,给出两者在空间尺度上的转换关系;分析区域尺度和全球尺度下地形指数尺度转换的差异及原因。研究结果可以增强地形信息在大尺度水文模型及陆面水文过程中的适用能力。     

Influence of the Arctic on the Predictability of Eurasian Winter Extreme Weather Events

The linkage between the Arctic and midlatitudes has received much attention recently due to the rapidly changing climate.Many investigations have been conducted to reveal the relationship between the Arctic and Eurasian extreme events from the perspective of climatological statistics.As a prediction source for extreme events in Eurasia,Arctic conditions are crucial for extreme event predictions.Therefore,it is urgent to explore the Arctic influence on the predictability of Eurasian extreme events due to the large uncertainties in Arctic conditions.Considering the sensitivity and nonlinearity of the atmospheric circulations in midlatitude to Arctic conditions,it is necessary to investigate the Arctic influences on Eurasian extreme weather events in case studies at weather time scales.Previous studies indicate that only perturbations in specific patterns have fast growth.Thus,the conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation approach is recommended for exploring the uncertainties in Arctic initial and boundary conditions and their synergistic effect on Eurasian extreme events.Moreover,the mechanism for extreme event formation may differ in different cases.Therefore,more extreme cases should be investigated to reach robust conclusions.     

水库群联合优化调度研究进展与展望

系统阐述了线性规划、非线性规划、网络流、大系统、动态规划、启发式算法等主要的水库群联合优化调度方法,对近年来国内外水库群优化调度理论及应用进展进行综述;重点分析了库群联合调度的基本原则、目标函数、优化算法及在防洪调度、兴利调度和多目标调度中的应用;展望了水库群联合优化调度的多目标技术,决策支持系统和效益分配等研究的方向。