Dynamic model updating using a combined genetic‐eigensensitivity algorithm and application in seismic response prediction

A reliable computational model is necessary for evaluating the state and predicting the future performance of existing structures, especially after exposure to damaging effects such as an earthquake. A major problem with the existing iterative‐based model updating methods is that the search might be trapped in local optima. The genetic algorithms (GAs) offer a desirable alternative because of their ability in performing a robust search for the global optimal solution. This paper presents a GA‐based model updating approach using a real‐coding scheme for global model updating based on dynamic measurement data. An eigensensitivity method is employed to further fine‐tune the GA updated results in case the sensitivity problem arises due to restricted measurement information. The application on shear‐type frames reveals that with a limited amount of modal data, namely the lowest three natural frequencies and the first mode shape, it is possible to achieve satisfactory updating by the GA alone for cases involving a limited number of parameters (storey stiffness herein). With the incorporation of the eigensensitivity algorithm, the updating capability is extended to a sufficiently large number of parameters. In case the modal data contain errors, the GA is also shown to be able to update the model to a satisfactory accuracy, provided the required amount of modal data is available. An example is given in which a 6‐DOF stick model for an actual six‐storey RC frame is updated using the measured dynamic properties. The effectiveness of the updating is evaluated by comparing the measured and predicted seismic response using the updated model. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A research on statistical retrieval algorithms and spectral characteristics of the total absorption coefficients in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea

1 INTRODUCTION The Yellow Sea and the East China Sea are typical coastal Case-II waters with high sediment load and complicate optical properties. The total absorption coefficient of sea water is one of the main parameters influencing the calculation of o…     

Isolating type-specific phenologies through spectral unmixing of satellite time series

Vegetation phenology is commonly studied using time series of multi-spectral vegetation indices derived from satellite imagery. Differences in reflectance among land-cover and/or plant functional types are obscured by sub-pixel mixing, and so phenological analyses have typically sought to maximize the compositional purity of input satellite data by increasing spatial resolution. We present an alternative method to mitigate this ‘mixed-pixel problem’ and extract the phenological behavior of individual land-cover types inferentially, by inverting the linear mixture model traditionally used for sub-pixel land-cover mapping. Parameterized using genetic algorithms, the method takes advantage of the discriminating capacity of calibrated surface reflectance measurements in red, near infrared, and short-wave infrared wavelengths, as well as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Normalized Difference Water Index. In simulation, the unmixing procedure reproduced the reflectances and phenological signals of grass, crop, and deciduous forests with high fidelity (RMSE?相似文献   

一种任意简单多边形求差算法

提出一种基于线段操作的简单多边形求差算法。该算法的主要过程为:应用基于单调链的扫描线求交算法,求取交点,该过程减少了求交过程中的比较次数,从而提高了求交效率。基于线段操作的结果多边形连接算法,该过程利用基础的计算几何理论,寻找构成结果多边形的边,得到两个多边形的差。实验表明该算法思路简单,数据结构简单,易于编程实现,对于简单多边形求差问题具有普适性。     

A recurrent support vector regression model in rainfall forecasting

To minimize potential loss of life and property caused by rainfall during typhoon seasons, precise rainfall forecasts have been one of the key subjects in hydrological research. However, rainfall forecast is made difficult by some very complicated and unforeseen physical factors associated with rainfall. Recently, support vector regression (SVR) models and recurrent SVR (RSVR) models have been successfully employed to solve time‐series problems in some fields. Nevertheless, the use of RSVR models in rainfall forecasting has not been investigated widely. This study attempts to improve the forecasting accuracy of rainfall by taking advantage of the unique strength of the SVR model, genetic algorithms, and the recurrent network architecture. The performance of genetic algorithms with different mutation rates and crossover rates in SVR parameter selection is examined. Simulation results identify the RSVR with genetic algorithms model as being an effective means of forecasting rainfall amount. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

On the definition of the flow width for calculating specific catchment area patterns from gridded elevation data

Specific catchment area (SCA) patterns are commonly computed on grids using flow direction algorithms that treat the flow as coming from a point source at the pixel centre. These algorithms are all ambiguous in the definition of the flow width to be associated with a pixel when computing the SCA. Different methods for computing the flow width have been suggested, without giving an objective reason. In the few cases where this issue has been specifically discussed, the flow width is derived from subjective analysis and incorrect conceptualizations. This paper evaluates alternative approaches for defining the flow width when computing SCA patterns using the D∞ and D8 algorithms, by comparing theoretical and computed SCA patterns on sloping planes, inward and outward cones. Two new methods of defining the flow width are also analysed for both the D∞ and D8 algorithms. The performances of the different methods are discussed in relation to two dimensionless parameters: (1) the global resolution, defined as the ratio of a characteristic length of the study area to the grid size and (2) the upslope area resolution, defined as the ratio of the theoretical SCA to the grid size. The optimal methods are identified by specific threshold values of these dimensionless parameters. We conclude that assuming the flow width invariant and equal to the grid size is generally the best approach in most practical circumstances, both for the D∞ and D8 algorithm. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Scaling improves stability of preconditioned CG‐like solvers for FE consolidation equations

Preconditioned projection (or conjugate gradient like) methods are increasingly used for the accurate and efficient solution to finite element (FE) coupled consolidation equations. Theory indicates that preliminary row/column scaling does not affect the eigenspectrum of the iteration matrix controlling convergence as long as the preconditioner relies on the incomplete factorization of the FE coefficient matrix. However, computational experience with mid‐large size problems shows that the above inexpensive operation can significantly accelerate the solver convergence, and to a minor extent also improve the final accuracy, as a result of a better solver stability to the accumulation and propagation of floating point round‐off errors. This is demonstrated with the aid of the least square logarithm (LSL) scaling algorithm on FE consolidation problems of increasing size up to more than 100 000. It is shown that a major source of numerical instability rests with the sub‐matrix which couples the structural to the fluid part of the underlying mathematical model. It is concluded that for mid‐large size, possibly difficult, FE consolidation problems left/right LSL scaling is to be always recommended when the incomplete factorization is used as a preconditioning technique. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

R3视域算法与参考面算法的对比研究

在地形可视性分析中,R3视域算法和参考面算法是两种重要的算法。在对两种算法的计算结果进行对比后,可以发现参考面算法的计算结果总要比R3算法的结果偏高。本文在此对比的基础上继续深入分析造成这种结果差异的本质原因,进一步解释了这种差异多表现在山体和沟壑等地形起伏较大的区域原因,并得出结论:这种结果差异不能作为两种算法精度相互评价的依据。     

GPS全球电离层TEC的并行算法建模及初步结果分析

根据高精度卫星导航定位和全球电离层活动监测的需要,利用全球370多个GPS基准站的双频相位实测数据,监测全球电离层总电子含量变化和GPS卫星及接收机的DCB。由于数据量大、数据处理时间长,很难实现高精度快速建模,为此我们采用OpenMP并行算法来加快数据处理速度。实验表明,相对于串行处理,并行处理在8核服务器下能加速7倍以上,在48核服务器下能加速超过40倍。将本文的初步建模结果与CODE、JPL等分析中心的结果进行比较,表明用该方法建立的模型是可靠的。其卫星DCB结果相对于CODE发布的结果精度为0.4ns,相对于JPL发布的结果其精度达到0.3 ns。其测站DCB相对于2个分析中心结果的精度均优于2 ns,垂直总电子含量相对于各分析中心的GIM产品的精度都在5.3TECU以内,相对于CODE的结果的精度最高,达4 TECU。     

Genetic feature selection for texture classification

This paper presents a novel approach to feature subset selection using genetic algorithms. This approach has the ability to accommodate multiple criteria such as the accuracy and cost of classification into the process of feature selection and finds the effective feature subset for texture classification. On the basis of the effective feature subset selected, a method is described to extract the objects which are higher than their surroundings, such as trees or forest, in the color aerial images. The methodology presented in this paper is illustrated by its application to the problem of trees extraction from aerial images.