Operational Monitoring and Forecasting in the Aegean Sea: System Limitations and Forecasting Skill Evaluation

The POSEIDON system, based on a network of 11 oceanographic buoys and a system of atmospheric/oceanic models, provides real-time observations and forecasts of the marine environmental conditions in the Aegean Sea. The buoy network collects meteorological, sea state and upper-ocean physical and biochemical data. The efficiency and functionality of the various system components are being evaluated during the present pre-operational phase and discussed in this paper. The problem of bio-fouling on optical and chemical sensors is found to be a main limitation factor on the quality of data. Possible solutions to this problem as well as quality control methods that are being developed are also described. Finally, an evaluation of the numerical models is presented through the estimation of their forecasting skill for selected periods.     

储层物性的空间结构特征分析与预测—以青海尕斯库勒油田E3^1油藏为例

储层物性受诸多地质因素的影响，经常表现出强烈的非均质性。这种非均质性在一定的空间尺度上往往具有明显的结构特点。本文以青海尕斯库勒油田E3^1油藏为例，讨论了地质统计学方法在油田储层特性空间结构特征分析与预测中的应用。采用变异函数定量描述了孔隙度和渗透率的空间分布结构特征，并在此基础上利用克立格法进行了最成插值预测。结果表明，研究区储层物性（孔隙度和渗透率）具有显著的空间结构性特点，变程一般在800－2000m之间；不同小层的储层物性具有不同的空间结构方向性。这种特征主要沉积相带空间展布的影响，各小层孔隙度和渗透率的实验半变异函数均可用具有块金效应的球状模型来拟合并进行预测。作为验证，本文还采用“多重趋势面”预测模型对储层的孔隙度和渗透率进行了预测分析。     

缺乏资料条件下倒灌河段流速的近似确定方法

倒灌河段受干流影响往往存在双向流动,其流速的确定与单一河道明显不同,对缺乏必要水文和地形资料的大量中小倒灌河段,使用数学模型或物理模型常常遇到困难.针对这一情形,本文采用物理模型,结合数学模型及多元回归分析方法,提出了确定倒灌河段最大流速的经验公式,具有一定的应用价值,为工程问题中倒灌河段流速确定作了有益的尝试.     

河工动床模型存在问题及其解决途径

河工模型是解决江河治理及大型水利水电工程泥沙问题的主要手段。本文研究了河工动床模型设汁与试验过程中存在的几何变态、推移质泥沙级配选配、时间变态等问题,并提出了相应的解决途径和建议。     

合肥地区粘性土物理力学指标的相关性分析

本文用数理统计的方法，对合肥地区具有代表性的616个粘性土试样的试验成果进行分析，建立了土性指标的线性方程，并进行了分析，为进一步研究该地区粘性土物理力学性质指标的相关性积累了资料。     

Land reclamation and Deep Ecology: in search of a more meaningful physical geography

Deep Ecology provides a complete and practical philosophy to guide practice, research and teaching in physical geography. This proposes that long–term human self–interest is served best by serving the needs of Nature, which also provides an agenda for research. Understanding is constructed in three steps from the realization of the internal self, through the social self and ultimately the ecological Self, which provides an agenda for teaching and learning. Being 'useful' is proposed as a duty for geography. Its first priorities should be environmental management, mitigating the ecological footprint of humanity: first for the benefit of society, but ultimately for the benefit of the Self – within Nature. Systems thinking should guide investigation because Deep Ecology conceives Nature as a single interacting, multidimensional whole.     

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF THE SYMMETRIC AND ANTISYMMETRIC MOTIONS AND RELATED ENERGY CONVERSION

The physical properties of the symmetric and antisymmetric motions,such as the conservation of the ab-solute angular momentum,the mutual conversions between various forms of energy,have been analysed by usingthe sets of equaticns in p-coordinates controlling the motions in the primitive equation model atmosphere.Theresults show that only the symmetric component of zoral geopotential difference caused by orography and thatof the zonal frictional torque,have contribution to the change of the global angular momentum,and that themutual conversions between various forms of energy,in addition to those similar to the results in the classical case,irclude those associated with the symmetric and antisymmetric motions.     

本世纪以来台湾及邻近海域的强震活动特征

本文分析了台湾及其邻近海域M≥7级地震的时空演变特点，并对其进行了分区讨论，发现该区各活动时段的地震活动有集丛分布的特征，该区东部地区与下扬子地区，西部地区与闽东地区地震有一定的呼应关系，并对今后几年地震活动趋势作出了估计。     

Patterns of abundance and dominance of the phytoplankton of Rostherne Mere,England: Evidence from an 18-year data set

Rostherne Mere is a small but relatively deep, turbid and highly eutrophic lake. In recent years, the productivity and dynamics of its phytoplankton have been particularly sensitive to the interaction between light income and thermal stability. Analysis reveals that interannual differences in the size and duration of phytoplankton crops, as well as in the predominating species, are not random but that there is a reproducible coherence with weather-generated external forcing. Severe light-limitation restricts phytoplankton development outside the stratified period, though delayed stratification in spring may promote relatively large diatom crops. In summer,Microcystis will usually dominate provided its recruitment period coincides with high water clarity. OtherwiseCeratium generally dominates. Examples of extremely stable stratification leading toScenedesmus dominance and of persistent episodes of summer mixing favouringOscillatoria dominance are found to agree well with previous matrix models.     

含金黄铁矿中存在晶格金的佐证——以河北省灵寿县土岭—石湖金矿床为例

通过化学物相分析和EPR波谱分析两种方法,对土蛉—石湖金矿床中含金黄铁矿中的金赋存状态进行了研究.含金黄铁矿中存在着主要类型为Au~(+)的晶格金,它的EPR波谱分析的超精细结构谱线g因子=2.001士0.001.分析讨论了HNO_3溶解黄铁矿的氧化还原反应的复杂性以及黄铁矿中含金量与FS谱线强度之间的关系.