漂浮体系悬索桥拟静态纵向运动特性及其控制

营运状况下漂浮体系悬索桥加劲梁纵向运动产生的过大累积行程会引起伸缩缝和塔梁纵向阻尼器等连接构件的性能退化和疲劳损坏.探索加劲梁纵向运动过大累积行程的成因,并找出降低累积行程的控制措施是确保悬索桥健康运营的关键.首先,以江阴长江大桥实测位移时程数据为基础,对不同频谱特性的位移成分进行分解,并统计了不同位移成分的循环次数和...     

浅埋隧道塌方地质灾害成因及风险控制

塌方是浅埋隧道施工过程中的主要地质灾害之一,利用风险动态评估模型及风险规避方法进行实时控制是确保隧道施工安全的有效途径。首先,采用洞内外相结合的地质调查方法,分析隧址区地质特征及塌方灾害风险诱因,并建立浅埋隧道塌方风险模糊层次评价模型,进行基于孕险环境的静态风险评估;其次,根据隧道施工过程中揭露的动态信息,对孕险环境进行动态修正,并汲取大气降水、开挖支护措施及监控量测等施工信息,进行隧道施工过程中的动态风险评估;最后,基于动态评估结果提出了风险规避方法,通过对施工方案的审核和优化,达到逐渐降低隧道施工风险、规避地质灾害的目的。该方法成功应用于宜巴高速公路段家屋隧道施工过程中,有效地规避了塌方地质灾害的发生,可为同类工程所借鉴。     

澳大利亚西北陆架油气分布规律与主控因素研究

澳大利亚西北陆架油气资源,特别是天然气资源富集,是全球液化天然气的主要供应地之一。西北陆架不仅是澳洲油气勘探潜力最大的地区,而且也是中国油公司拓展海外油气业务的重要地区。以多方面收集的数据资料为基础,探讨澳大利亚西北陆架油气分布规律,揭示油气分布主控因素,进而优选有利勘探区。区域上,已发现的油气储量主要分布于西北陆架最西南端的北卡那封盆地;层系上,油气主要富集于下白玺统泥页岩区域盖层之下的上三叠统、侏罗系或下白玺统碎屑岩储集层。油气分布整体表现为“内油外气、下气上油、以气为主的特征,油田多局限于侏罗纪裂谷作用控制的发育有成熟生油岩的次盆地。腐殖型干酪根类型和烃源岩的高成熟度决定了西北陆架的富气特征,侏罗纪发育的裂谷控制了石油的区域分布。基于油气地质综合研究和油气发现过程,优选出了埃克斯茅斯高地、埃克斯茅斯次盆、巴科一次盆、卡斯韦尔次盆、萨胡尔台地、卡尔德尔地堑和武尔坎次盆7个有利勘探区。     

Seismic response of steel frame structures with hybrid passive control systems

The concept of the hybrid passive control system is studied analytically by investigating the seismic response of steel frame structures. Hybrid control systems consist of two different passive elements combined into a single device or system. The hybrid systems investigated in this research consist of a rate‐dependent damping device paired with a rate‐independent energy dissipation element. The innovative configurations exploit individual element strengths and offset their weaknesses through multiphased behavior. A nine‐story, five‐bay steel moment‐frame was used for the analysis. Six different seismic resisting systems were analyzed and compared. The conventional systems included a special moment‐resisting frame (SMRF) and a dual SMRF–buckling‐restrained brace (BRB) system. The final four configurations are hybrid passive systems. The different hybrid configurations utilize a BRB and either a high‐damping rubber damper or viscous fluid damper. The analyses were run in the form of an incremental dynamic analysis. Several damage measures were calculated, including maximum roof drift, base shear, and total roof acceleration. The results demonstrate the capability of hybrid passive control systems to improve structural response compared with conventional lateral systems and to be effective for performance‐based seismic design. Each hybrid configuration improved some aspect of structural response with some providing benefits for multiple damage measures. The multiphased nature provides improved response for frequent and severe seismic events. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于H∞理论的磁流变阻尼器半主动容错控制

建筑结构的半主动控制系统中的传感器,在强震作用下可能因出现故障而影响控制效果。以磁流变阻尼器为例,研究半主动容错控制系统的设计方法。首先,研究了基于状态观测器的半主动H∞控制器设计方法,并将之应用到建筑结构采用磁流变阻尼器的减振控制中;运用改进Bouc-Wen模型,计算磁流变阻尼器的阻尼力,通过求解一个代数Riccati方程和一个状态观测方程,得出了基于状态观测器的H∞主动控制律;再对其采用Clipped-optimal方法实施半主动控制策略。然后,针对传感器故障,利用观测器组的输出残差对故障进行在线诊断,并通过几个观测器状态值的比较得到故障的大小,并据此对传感器的测量值进行修正,从而消除故障对闭环系统的影响,最终实现半主动H∞容错控制。仿真结果表明,该方法具有很好的容错控制效果。     

安徽省沙坪沟钼矿钼的分析质量监控

通过对安徽省沙坪沟钼矿床矿石物质成分及结构、构造的分析,发现矿石中辉钼矿常呈细小鳞片状、浸染状分布于细脉中。针对岩芯易沿含矿裂纹破裂造成鳞片状辉钼矿丢失,本矿区全部采用金刚石刀具切割分取岩芯。制样过程试验中将样品无缩分粗碎、中碎至Ф〈-1．0mm,进行了K值试验,取0．5。缩分后密封棒磨6小时（充分混匀、磨碎）至-200目。分析了该矿区伴生元素不干扰测定的情况,不加Fe：O。载体,刚玉坩埚-Na2O2熔矿,降低空白值,严格质量监控,采用硫氰酸盐分光光度法测定钼量,获得的结果稳定可靠。本试验成果可为从事同类型大型钼矿的分析测试和质量监控提供参考。     

Genetic algorithm based LQR vibration wireless control of laminated plate using photostrictive actuators

A photostrictive type of opto-electromechanical actuator activated by high-energy lights can introduce actuation and control effects without hard-wired connections.This paper addresses the controllability aspect in wireless vibration control of plate structures via photostrictive actuators.A modal force index,which has taken into account the mode number,the spatial distribution,and the dimension of the actuator,is chosen as an objective function to determine the optimal locations of photostrictive actuators.A linear methodology is proposed in this paper and the vibration equation is written in the standard state-space form.A binary-coded GA based combined optimal placement and LQR(linear quadratic regulator) control scheme has been incorporated,which maximizes the modal force index,the closed loop damping and minimizes input light intensity to the actuators.In the present method only three weighting factors have been used to search optimal Q and R matrices using GA,which reduces chromosome length and hence minimizes computational time.Numerical results demonstrate that the use of strategically positioned actuator patches can effectively control the fundamental modes that dominate the structural vibration.     

Robust leader-follower formation tracking control of multiple underactuated surface vessels

This paper is concerned with the formation control problem of multiple underactuated surface vessels moving in a leader-follower formation.The formation is achieved by the follower to track a virtual target defined relative to the leader.A robust adaptive target tracking law is proposed by using neural network and backstepping techniques.The advantage of the proposed control scheme is that the uncertain nonlinear dynamics caused by Coriolis/centripetal forces,nonlinear damping,unmodeled hydrodynamics and disturbances from the environment can be compensated by on line learning.Based on Lyapunov analysis,the proposed controller guarantees the tracking errors converge to a small neighborhood of the origin.Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the control strategy.     

凡纳滨对虾“黑精荚”病防治方法的研究

研究了凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)"黑精荚"产生的病因及防治方法。结果表明:"黑精荚"是由于雄虾长时间生活在污物较多的池底中引发细菌感染而造成的。保持池底清洁、挤出黑精荚、投喂优质饵料和保持水温30℃以下,可使精荚重新形成并发育成熟;用二氧化氯和诺氟沙星联合用药使黑精荚恢复功能等措施可有效防治"黑精荚"病。     

半潜式海洋平台定位系统的控制系统研究

以海洋平台定位系统作为研究对象,阐述了平台定位的主要组成和工作原理,设计了满足速度控制、同步控制和恒张力控制的不同运行模式下的系泊绞车液压系统,分析了液压系统各主要元件在系统中的作用。采用伪微分反馈控制算法对系泊绞车进行控制,并给出了同步控制的策略和恒张力的计算调定方法。Matlab仿真表明,伪微分控制算法具有很好的动态响应特性,完全满足海洋平台系泊定位的要求。