被动震源进行地震勘探的可行性研究

为研究冲击钻机、打桩机、打夯机以及筑路机等设备工作时产生的震源,对开展工程地震勘探时的利用价值,在东庞矿2093工作面治水钻孔冲击钻进过程中进行了该项实验工作。试验采用WF-1006遥测数字地震仪及CGS-40型加速度检波器,接收排列之间方位角间隔20。,接收道数24道,道距5m,采样率1ms,记录长度2s。最近检波器距钻孔7m。利用SCHRAMM钻机产生的强大振动为被动震源,进行了250m、257m、183m、263m等不同钻井深度,以及与此相对应不同方位角（250°、250°、230°275°）的地震波接收试验。通过分析其地震记录,判定引发东庞矿矿井突水的陷落柱中心位于治水钻孔西南方向。该结论与三维地震勘探确定的陷落柱位置一致,可见通过选择合理的接收方式及参数,被动震源也能够用于地震勘探。     

Advances in our understanding of the gem corundum deposits of the West Pacific continental margins intraplate basaltic fields

Recent discoveries over the last decade of new gemfields, exploitation of new and existing deposits, and application of relatively new techniques have greatly increased our knowledge of the basalt-derived gem sapphire–ruby–zircon deposits. In this paper we focus on the Late Mesozoic to Cenozoic intraplate basaltic fields of the West Pacific continental margins. We review advances made in understanding the genesis of these deposits, based on the application of newer techniques. We also critically review existing data on the gem corundum deposits, in order to further refine a model for their origin.In some of the intraplate basaltic fields, corundum-bearing xenoliths have been found showing a range of PT formation conditions from 790 °C at 0.85 GPa to as much as 1100 to 1200 °C at 1.0 to 2.5 GPa. Although most magmatic sapphires contain syngenetic inclusions of columbite-group phases, zircon, spinel and rutile, some contain additional nepheline and K-feldspar, suggesting crystallization from more undersaturated alkaline magma while the Weldborough field of NE Tasmania also contains molybdenite and beryl, suggesting at least some interaction with more fractionated ‘granitic-type’ magmas. There is a large range in PT conditions calculated for the metamorphic rubies (from 780 to 940 °C, through 800 to 1150 °C up to 1000 to 1300 °C). Fluid/melt inclusion studies on magmatic corundums generally suggest that they formed in a CO₂-rich environment from a ‘syenitic’ melt under a range of T conditions from 720 to 880 °C up to 1000 to 1200 °C. Oxygen isotope studies reveal that typical magmatic corundums have values of + 4.4 to 6.9‰, whereas metamorphic corundums from the same basaltic host have lower values of + 1.3 to 4.2‰.Geochronological studies have shown that some fields produced a simple eruptive and zircon/corundum crystallization event while others had multiple eruptive events but only one or two zircon crystallization events. For a few fields, some corundums/zircons crystallized in storage regions and then remained relatively inert for periods of 200 to 400 Ma without significant change before transport to the surface in the Cenozoic. Tectonic studies of the Australian region suggest that many of the corundums crystallized from magmas related to episodic basaltic volcanism in a tectonic regime of extension, associated with the opening of the Tasman and Coral Seas. For the Asian region, the magmatic–polygenetic corundums within the basaltic fields largely crystallized in a tectonic regime of distributed E–W extension, whereas the metamorphic-metasomatic corundums crystallised in a transpressional regime associated with the collision of the Indian Plate with the Eurasian Plate (e.g., [Garnier, V., Giuliani, G., Maluski, H., Ohnenstetter, D., Deloule, E., 2003. Ar–Ar and U–Pb ages of marble-hosted ruby deposits from Central and South-east Asia. Geophysical Research Abstracts 5, 03751; Garnier, V., Giuliani, G., Ohnenstetter, D., and Schwarz, D., 2004. Les gisements de corindon: classification et genese. Les placers a corindon gemme. Le Regne Mineral 55, 7-47; Garnier, V., Ohnenstetter, D., Giuliani, G., Maluski, H., Deloule, E., Phan Trong, T., Pham Van, L., Hoang Quang, V., 2005a. Age and significance of ruby-bearing marble from the Red River Shear Zone, Northern Vietnam. Canadian Mineralogist 43, 1315–1329]).     

基于Poulos弹性理论的被动桩改进算法

传统的Poulos弹性理论仅适合于均质土中土体侧向位移时桩的性状分析,无法考虑土的层状特性。通过引入层状地基中作用一水平集中力的广义Mindlin解和地面作用有竖向荷载时的应力和位移通解,对Poulos方法进行了改进,使之扩展到多层土中,还用于研究堆载条件下的被动桩变形和受力响应。算例分析表明,改进弹性理论要比Poulos方法更为严密、合理,提高了计算精度,应用范围也更广。     

Steel frames with bracing mechanism and hysteretic dampers

A new earthquake resistant structural system for multi‐storey frame structures, based on a dual function of its bracing components, is developed. This consists of a hysteretic damper device and a cross‐bracing mechanism with a kinetic closed circuit, working only in tension, so that cable members can be used for this purpose. Solutions are presented regarding the connections' design of three types of structural frame system, that are concerned throughout the study: braced moment free frame, braced moment resisting frame with moment free supports, and with moment resisting supports. The dynamic behaviour of the system is investigated on the basis of an SDOF model, and based on the response spectra method an approximate design approach of the controlled structures is shown. From the time history analysis of the structural systems for the El Centro earthquake the areas of appropriate stiffness relations of the frames to the hysteretic dampers and the cable braces are deduced, so that the energy dissipation of the system may be controlled by the damper‐cable bracing mechanism. Based on the results of these studies, a predesign approach is developed for the implementation of the control system in frame structures. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

被动桩中土拱效应问题的数值分析

被动桩对侧向位移的土层起到遮拦作用的机理主要是土拱效应。采用有限元软件Plaxis 8.1,详细地研究了被动桩中土拱效应的产生机理,分析了导致侧向位移的荷载大小、土体性质、群桩以及桩土接触面性质等影响因素对土拱效应性态和桩土应力分担比的影响,分析表明,桩间距是影响土拱效应的最主要因素。     

两个控制装置的模拟地震振动台试验研究

本文作者设计制造了一种高效被动阻尼控制（HEDC）装置和一种半主动控制装置－主动变刚度,阻尼（AVS．D）控制装置,并对其控制机理和控制效果进行了模拟地震振动台试验研究,试验结果表明,HEDC控制效果是令人满意的,而AVS．D控制则可以获得更好的效果,尽管它仅需很少的能量输入,试验结果表明,在AVS．D控制中,装置的电磁阀处于开启状态工作的时间较长,即在大部分时间里AVS．D控制系统是通过阻尼而不足刚度来控制受控结构,这在一定程度上降低了控制时滞的影响。     

利用直达波导频信号的高频外辐射源雷达接收阵列校正方法

基于数字调幅广播(DRM)的特点,提出了一种利用直达波频率导频信号的高频外辐射源接收阵列幅相一致性校正新方法。首先介绍了DRM广播的信号结构,分析了其导频信号作为校正源的可行性;考虑到高频段电磁环境和传播环境的时变非平稳特性,提出了一种基于平移不变阵元偶在时间上优选直达波校正数据的方法;最后结合地波模式和天波传播模式高频外辐射源雷达实测多通道数据,比较了该方法与其他辅助定标源方法用于接收阵列校正的效果,分析结果证实了该方法的有效性。     

大山片麻岩地质特征及侵位机制研究

大山片麻岩的原财为奥长化岗石,呈不规则状侵入柳树河子片麻岩中,年龄２７亿年左右,太古代阜平运动晚期侵位的。侵位与当时区域上大规模的韧性剪切作用密切相关。由于剪切带各相关位置的位移量的差异,形成空间,给岩浆被动就位了有利场所,形成大山片麻岩古深成岩体。     

Isotope stratigraphy and U-Pb dating of detrital zircons from the Vendian-Cambrian deposits of the North Muya block

U-Pb dating of detrital zircons from the sandstones of the Mamakan Formation has been made. Geochemical and isotope parameters of the carbonate deposits of the Yanguda Formation in the Vendian-Cambrian cover of the North Muya continental block have been estimated. It has been established that only the Neoproterozoic (630-915 Ma) rocks of the North Muya block were the provenances of terrigenous material. In the least altered carbonate rocks of the Yanguda Formation, the ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratio is within 0.70814-0.70879 and δ¹³C varies from -0.4 to + 1.9‰. Comparison of the evaluated isotope parameters with those of carbonate rocks of typical Vendian-Cambrian sections shows that the carbonate deposits of the Yanguda Formation accumulated in the Early Cambrian, about 520 Ma. Sedimentation of the Mamakan and Yanguda Formations took place in the local sedimentary basin in the Vendian-Early Cambrian, in the absence of tectonic activity within the North Muya block. Detrital material that formed during the destruction of the rocks of the Siberian Platform basement and cover was not supplied into the basin.     

被动型氢钟波谱信号观测装置的设计

简单介绍了被动型氢钟的量子系统,阐述了波谱信号观测装置的设计。该装置采用标准10MHz晶振产生被动型氢钟的微波激射信号(1.420406GHz),然后将该信号输入氢钟的脉泽振荡器中。脉泽振荡器输出的信号经过低噪声放大、两次混频及滤波后所得的谱线包含了量子系统的信息,通过分析最终的谱线即可得知量子系统的优劣。该装置已用于对两台被动型氢钟的测试,并根据测试结果对量子系统进行了改进。