分区优化混合SfM方法

针对大规模无序影像稀疏三维重建问题,本文提出一种稳健、高效且易于并行的分区优化的混合式SfM方法。首先,利用SIFT算法进行影像匹配,无须GPS/INS等其他辅助信息,仅利用影像间的匹配结果计算得到的影像关联度完成影像分区。然后,提出一种改进的增量式SfM方法实现每个分区内快速重建,以及提出多项标准自动剔除不可靠分区并将这些分区内影像重新划分至其他分区,实现分区的动态调整。最后,提出一种稳健高精度的分区融合算法,实现相机参数、影像姿态和场景三维信息的准确融合。多组不同规模、不同影像类型以及不同场景的典型数据试验结果表明本文方法对不同数据集具有很好的稳健性,在保持高精度的同时能大大提高重建效率,尤其适用于大规模影像数据集。     

湖南常德市矿山地质环境综合评价分区研究

基于常德市单个矿山地质环境调查情况,以选取10个矿山为例,运用综合指数法对单个矿山质量进行评价,然后根据单个矿山评价结果质量中等和差的矿山采用灰局势评价方法进行矿山地质环境综合分区,依此得出全市矿山地质环境综合评价分区。     

镁铁—超镁铁质岩浆中铂族元素的富集机理：综述与实例

目前陆地上可利用的铂族元素(PGE)资源主要来自与镁铁—超镁铁质岩浆密切相关的岩浆硫化物矿床。岩浆硫化物矿床成矿理论关注的一个重要问题就是镁铁—超镁铁质岩浆中PGE的富集机理。经典成矿理论认为,由于PGE在平衡的硫化物熔体与硅酸盐熔体之间具有极高的分配系数(105～106),PGE富集成矿主要与成矿体系中硅酸盐熔体与硫化物熔体的质量比有关(R-factor)。但是近些年来,许多新的实验岩石学结果和天然矿石样品纳米尺度PGE赋存状态的观测结果对这一经典理论提出了挑战。本文列举了一些相关的研究实例,显示硅酸盐熔体中的PGE纳米颗粒可以被硫化物或铬铁矿机械捕获、并通过定向附着生长、聚集、粗化和融合,最终形成纳米颗粒集合体和纳米合金。另外,岩浆中半金属元素(TABS,即Te、As、Bi、Sb、Sn)和Se可以与PGE优先形成各种互化物,从而富集于砷化物、铋化物、碲化物或硒化物中,而非硫化物中。因此,镁铁—超镁铁质岩浆体系中PGE的富集可能不仅受其在硫化物熔体中极高的分配系数控制,一些物理过程导致的PGE分配以及半金属元素对PGE的富集作用也不容忽视。由于矿石中的铂族矿物一般为纳—微米级,采用聚...     

A note on partition coefficient distributions

Much interest has been generated in assessing the possible risks of contamination for humans and marine life resulting from the dumping of nuclear waste in Arctic Seas by the former Soviet Union. Models are being used to predict the transport of radionuclides released from the dumping grounds. A key parameter in these models is the partition coefficient representing the uptake potential of marine sediments and seawater for radioactive contaminants. Partition coefficients are dependent upon the independent variables of sediment concentration and the sediment/water radionuclide distribution coefficients. Modelers must use estimated average values for the independent variables because data for these variables are lacking for the Arctic environment. In this note, we illustrate the differences between assuming that partition coefficients can be computed solely from the average values of the independent variables vs. exact probability distributions, and illustrate the technique for one of the radioactive contaminants,¹³⁷Cs. In general, errors in the sediment partition coefficient can be as high as 67% using average values; for¹³⁷Cs. the error is about 37%.     

基于相位余弦分区的人造地震动反应谱拟合

为解决人造地震动拟合时出现的经幅值调整仍未收敛的问题,分析了造成相位调整效果不稳定的原因并给出有关参数的补充公式,提出由地震动各分量反应对应的相位余弦符号来实现相位分区并给出各分区的相位调整方法.针对经相位调整仍无法收敛情况,在相位调整完成后继续使用幅值调整来改善拟合效果.算例表明本方法可有效实现迭代收敛并生成较好拟合...     

Petrochem1.0岩石化学软件及其应用

Petrochem1.0岩石化学软件与同类软件相比,有操作简便(左键选数据,右键菜单选功能项),尤其是依据鼠标在不同区域弹出不同的岩性进一步详细定名的对话窗更是其他软件所没有的,提高了工作效率,同时内容也更加丰富。     

Real time hybrid simulation: from dynamic system,motion control to experimental error

Real‐time hybrid simulation (RTHS) has increasingly been recognized as a powerful methodology to evaluate structural components and systems under realistic operating conditions. It is a cost effective approach compared with large scale shake table testing. Furthermore, it can maximally preserve rate dependency and nonlinear characteristics of physically tested (non)structural components. Although conceptually very attractive, challenges do exist that require comprehensive validation before RTHS should be employed to assess complicated physical phenomena. One of the most important issues that governs the stability and accuracy of an RTHS is the ability to achieve synchronization of boundary conditions between the computational and physical substructures. The objective of this study is to propose and validate an H_∞ loop shaping design for actuator motion control in RTHS. Controller performance is evaluated in the laboratory using a worst‐case substructure proportioning scheme. A modular, one‐bay, one‐story steel moment resisting frame specimen is tested experimentally. Its deformation is kept within the linear range for ready comparison with the reference closed‐form solution. Both system analysis and experimental results show that the proposed H_∞ strategy can significantly improve both the stability limit and test accuracy compared with several existing strategies. Another key feature of the proposed strategy is its robust performance in terms of unmodeled dynamics and uncertainties, which inevitably exist in any physical system. This feature is essential to enhance test quality for specimens with nonlinear dynamic behavior, thus ensuring the validity of the proposed approach for more complex RTHS implementations. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

利用脆性岩石含量指数预测裂隙型含水层富水区

裂隙型含水层因其裂隙连通性较差,常规的矿井涌水量预计方法有时不适用。利用脆性岩石含量指数划分强、弱富水区不失为一种新的方法。一定厚度的地层内脆性岩石所占的比例越大,则受力后越容易产生张性裂隙,充水空间较发育,相应地其富水性也越强。本文将脆性岩石厚度占地层总厚度的百分比定义为脆性岩石含量指数,通过脆性岩石含量指数划分砂岩裂隙型含水层富水区。脆性岩石含量指数法不仅能进行富水性定性分区,结合已采区涌水量资料也可尝试进行未开采区涌水量预计,这为矿井防治水工作以及防排水系统的设计提供了一种新的技术支持。      

基于单元劈裂法的岩体黏结型结构面数值模拟

节理岩体中富含结构面等不连续体,其中很多结构面之间具有一定黏结强度,在冲击荷载作用下会发生脱结（debond）行为,从而消耗岩体应变能。在该结构面之间的黏结性质在很大程度上决定着岩体的破坏行为,发生脱结后,结构面之间不再具有黏结强度,岩体的力学性能发生弱化。为了对该类结构面进行模拟,在改进的Xu-Needleman势函数基础上推导出结构面单元,并将其嵌入到单元劈裂法中,模拟结构面的开裂过程,当结构面完全脱结后结构面单元就转化为一般节理单元。相应地,在数值实现过程中只是将结构面单元替换为一般节理单元即可。该结构面单元与单元劈裂法相结合,能够有效地模拟节理岩体的破坏过程。