Finnskogene I Norge

Recently, increased attention has been paid to the importance of everyday landscapes in the Western world, and a stronger political will to involve local participation in planning processes has emerged. The authors discuss the implementation of the political will to engage the Norwegian public in local heritage planning and whether or not this new role can have a mobilising effect on heritage protection. In Norway, cultural heritage managers have established methods for identifying valuable heritage assets in cultural historic landscapes. As increased responsibility for cultural heritage management is given to municipalities, more municipalities are making their own heritage plans to improve local heritage management. The article investigates how cultural heritage management in everyday landscapes is taking place, how heritage plans are developed, how local knowledge is involved, and what assets local residents appreciate in their environment, based on an in-depth study of two medium-sized Norwegian regional towns. The results show that local stakeholders were often invited to participate in planning processes, but that their contributions were largely kept out of official plans at the final stage. Further, the study revealed that memories and personal histories related to heritage appreciations are important elements in building identity, both at a personal level and at a local level.     

构建地质找矿新机制的实践探索——"泥河模式"调查

安徽庐江泥河铁矿的发现和开发,实现了长江中下游地区找矿重大突破,其创立的"泥河模式"、"泥河速度"引起行内、学界、政府、社会的广泛关注。本文对泥河铁矿的发现和"泥河模式"的诞生进行了回顾总结,诠释了"泥河模式"的内涵和创新点,结合国土资源部开展的改革发展大讨论和泥河铁矿勘查开发的实践经验,揭示了"泥河模式"的意义与启示。     

Fostering women's participation in development through non-governmental efforts in Cameroon

Women constitute 52 per cent of the population of Cameroon and play a very crucial role in the development of society at all levels. Unfortunately, they function from a subordinate position inherent in both traditional and state institutions. Women's empowerment is currently an issue of national concern and both state and international efforts at mainstreaming women in development have so far produced mixed results. The 'grassroots' approach of NGOs has been effective in reaching women at all levels. Activities of NGOs have had far reaching but mixed effects in meeting both practical and strategic gender needs. This paper examines case studies of NGOs and women's empowerment in Cameroon, and highlights their successes, with regard to improved access and welfare and their limitations, with regard to conscientisation, participation and control.     

Disaster Management and Community Planning, and Public Participation: How to Achieve Sustainable Hazard Mitigation

The paper offers first a brief historical overview of disaster management planning. Second, it reviews Australian and American research findings and show that they urge the field of disaster management to shift its focus from response and recovery to sustainable hazard mitigation. It is argued that in order for this shift to occur, it is necessary to integrate disaster management and community planning. Current practice seldom reflects such a synthesis, and this is one of the reasons why hazard awareness is absent from local decision-making processes. Third, it is asserted that if mitigative strategies are to be successfully implemented, then the disaster management process must incorporate public participation at the local decision-making level. The paper concludes with a case study of California's Portola Valley, which demonstrates that when public participation is integrated into disaster management planning and community planning, the result is sustainable hazard mitigation.     

农业文化遗产社区角色认同对旅游参与的影响研究——以浙江省青田县龙现村为例

探究居民作为农业文化遗产传承者的角色认同是否影响其参与旅游,是农业文化遗产地可持续旅游研究的重要问题。基于角色认同理论,以全球重要农业文化遗产保护试点项目浙江青田稻鱼共生系统为例,利用时间日志法和半结构式访谈法获取当地居民时间利用数据,并从时间利用视角出发就居民角色认同对其旅游参与的影响进行质性探讨,以期深度挖掘居民的态度和心理感知。结果表明:居民作为农业文化遗产传承者,其角色认同对旅游参与具有一定的影响。以居民角色认同程度和旅游参与程度作为分类变量加以交互组合,形成4种常见的旅游社区参与类型,即高角色认同-深度参与旅游型居民、高角色认同-浅度(未)参与旅游型居民、低角色认同-浅度(未)参与旅游型居民、低角色认同-深度参与旅游型居民。从而针对不同类型居民,提出农业文化遗产旅游参与和遗产保护的可行性建议。     

中国跨省流动人口回流意愿的空间差异及影响因素

在中国城市产业结构升级和乡村经济发展的宏观背景下,乡城流动人口的返乡回流现象逐渐显现,流动人口呈现外出与回流并存的趋势,大量的流动人口回流对中国的新型城镇化和城乡发展产生了重要影响,是探索中国城乡关系变化的重要视角。论文采用2016年全国流动人口卫生计生动态监测调查数据,建立二分类Logistic模型,对全国跨省流动人口回流意愿的空间差异和影响因素进行分析。研究结果表明：① 具有回流意愿的流动人口具有相似的人口学特征,包括年龄较大、受教育水平较低、没有稳定的婚姻状态等;② 跨省流动人口的回流意愿具有明显的空间差异,从流入地来看,东南沿海地区和西部地区的流动人口回流意愿较高,从流出地来看,中部地区的流动人口回流意愿较高;③ 流动人口的回流意愿受到个人因素、流动因素、家庭因素、制度因素多个方面的影响,其中年龄、婚姻状况、受教育程度、进城务工时间、是否为独自流动、家庭月收入、现住房性质、社会保障制度对流动人口回流意愿具有显著影响。     

A spatiotemporal analysis of aggregate labour force behaviour by sex and age across the European Union

This study investigates the causes of variation in age-specific male and female labour force participation rates using annual data from 154 regions across ten European Union member states for the period 1983–1997. Regional participation rates appear to be strongly correlated in time, weakly correlated in space and to parallel their national counterparts. An econometric model is designed consistent with these empirical findings. To control for potential endogeneity of the explanatory variables, we use an instrumental variables estimation scheme based on a matrix exponential spatial specification of the error terms. Many empirical studies of aggregate labour force behaviour have ignored population distribution effects, relying instead on the representative-agent paradigm. In order for representative-agent models to accurately describe aggregate behaviour, all marginal reactions of individuals to changes in aggregate variables must be identical. It turns out that this condition cannot apply to individuals across different sex/age groups.

Practicing Sociogeomorphology: Relationships and Dialog in River Research and Management

Sustainable river management requires strong participation from technical and nontechnical experts. However, in many cases, the nontechnical element is lacking. This paper explores possibilities for participation that can emerge from a reorientation toward dialog. This reorientation is supported by a sociogeomorphological approach, which encourages recognition of the physical and social coproduction of a fluvial landscape, including a history of colonization and landscape degradation. Recognition of this sociogeomorphic context invited dialog with stakeholders involved in river management, which revealed opportunities for improving relationships in river management. The paper argues that dialog supports building interpersonal relationships as a basis for river management, where relationships could replace “stakes” as a structure for participation. Following reorientation, relationship development and maintenance, through dialog, emerges as a key activity of environmental management. Because dialog happens at the interpersonal scale, a relational approach has potential implications for researchers, practitioners, and stakeholders in many fields of environmental management.     

公众参与型环境规制的时空格局及驱动因子研究——以长江经济带为例

以长江经济带公众参与型环境规制为研究对象,运用空间分析方法研究其时空格局,通过地理探测器筛选其主导驱动因子,基于GWR（Geographically Weighted Regression）模型揭示主导驱动因子空间异质性。结果表明：① 各年份公众参与型环境规制均呈显著空间正相关,但集聚程度逐年下降;② 公众参与型环境规制空间分异格局基本稳定;③ 地理探测器剔除地均固定资产投资和万人在校大学生数两个初选因子;④ 公众参与型环境规制驱动因子作用力由大到小依次为环境风险、人地压力、排放强度、信息化水平、经济水平、产业结构;⑤ 各驱动因子存在特征不同的空间异质性,为制定针对性政策提供理论依据。     

基于户籍类型比较的流动人口城市落户意愿影响机制研究

流动人口城市落户意愿是提高户籍城镇化水平,推进市民化进程的关键影响因素.从个体初始因素、中介因素和流入地城市因素3个维度,应用多水平回归模型,研究了流动人口落户意愿的影响因素,并着重比较了农业户籍流动人口和非农户籍流动人口落户意愿影响机制的差异.研究发现非农户籍流动人口比农业户籍流动人口有更强的在流入地城市落户的意愿....