THE CONSTRUCTION AND ITS DEVELOPMENT OFTHE OVERSEAS TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN NORTHEAST CHINA

ＴＨＥＣＯＮＳＴＲＵＣＴＩＯＮＡＮＤＩＴＳＤＥＶＥＬＯＰＭＥＮＴＯＦＴＨＥＯＶＥＲＳＥＡＳＴＲＡＮＳＰＯＲＴＳＹＳＴＥＭＩＮＮＯＲＴＨＥＡＳＴＣＨＩＮＡＧａｏＳｈａｌｉ（高莎丽）（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＧｅｏｇｒａｐｈｙ，ＮｏｒｔｈｅａｓｔＮｏｒｍ...     

基于IGS超级跟踪站的近实时GPS气象研究及应用

目前国内许多城市开始将CORS综合应用网服务于气象部门,为给地基GPS气象研究人员提供一个真实的研究环境,本文基于IGS超级跟踪站网络搭建了一个近实时GPS气象系统,并结合实测数据验证了该系统的有效性。基于该平台可以系统地研究GPS遥感水汽、层析水汽三维分布、数值天气预报同化GPS水汽以及利用电离层分布进行空间天气预报等理论。     

境外桩基工程的施工实践

通过对支援柬埔寨、几内亚桩基工程的施工实践,总结出在境外工程项目的管理中,要制定相应的管理制度与突发事件的应急预案,在施工过程中要注意政局变化,加强卫生疾病的防治,进行必要的物质储备和规避风险等注意事项及解决方法．对地勘单位拓展海外市场提出了建设性意见,具有一定的借鉴意义。     

试论经济全球化对非洲华人经济的影响

经济全球化使越来越多的国家和地区，甚至是一个经济体和一个经济单位都主动或被动地参与到世界经济中来，非洲的华人经济也不例外。鉴于目前有关华人经济的文章主要集中在东南亚地区和美国与欧洲，很少有人探讨过非洲华人经济的情况，所以本文试图通过经济全球化条件下的非洲经济、中非经济关系和华商对非洲的投资，来论述经济全球化对非洲华人经济的影响。     

RESEARCH OF THE INHOMOGENEITY TEST OF CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA SERIES IN CHINA*

Some achievements on the inhomogeneity test of climatological data series and some correlative conclusions were described,from which we concluded that it was very necessary to test the homogeneity of the Chinese climatological data series.Many techniques on this field developed by foreign experts are suitable for Chinese climatological series,and the main factors for the inhomogeneity of the Chinese climatological data are the relocation of stations and the change of instruments.     

广东侨乡外向型经济优势及其地缘背景研究

本文把广东侨乡外向型经济优势与广东籍华侨、侨人的地理分布及其地缘背景联系起来研究。它从地缘政治、地缘经济、地缘文化方面研究了影响地缘战略决策的基本要素，并结合东盟的具体情况对其进行分析、探讨，指出了面向21世纪再创侨乡优势的努力方向。     

黄河上游梯级水电站施工洪水优化设计方法探讨--以黄河公伯峡水电站施工洪水优化设计为例

梯级水电站设计洪水方法一直是梯级水电站水文设计的难点．几十年来在黄河上游梯级电站设计中已总结出一套比较完整的设计洪水及施工洪水计算方法。通过黄河公伯峡水电站施工洪水优化设计过程，论述了该套方法．并就目前存在的一些观点及疑问给予了较为明确的回答。     

澜沧江某水电站左岸地下式厂房岩体质量分级

通过大量的现场调查数据与统计工作结果，采用了多种岩体质量分级评价方案，对澜沧江某水电站左岸地下式厂房岩体质量进行了精细的评价，最后将各种结果进行对比分析，得到一个合理、科学的综合岩体质量综合评价分级。并根据评价结果，作出了研究区坝址左岸地下式厂房岩体在不同高程的岩体质量分区图，为下一步的参数选取工作奠定了必要的基础。     

四川雅安地质灾害时空预警试验区初步研究

借鉴美国旧金山湾和香港地区的经验,提出了地质灾害监测预警试验区建设和研究思路。经过近两年的工作,初步建成了四川雅安地质灾害监测预警试验区。取得的阶段性成果主要有:(1)根据现场考察和试验区地质灾害数据库,统计研究了降雨型滑坡的几何特征;(2)建成了由20台遥测雨量计构成的降雨观测网,取得了2002年4月～2003年8月的降雨观测数据;(3)结合历史降雨资料分析,初步研究了雅安试验区的年、日、小时和十分钟最大降雨特征;(4)研制了斜坡岩土体含水量野外监测仪,取得了桑树坡试验点2003年4月～8月的实时监测数据;(5)自上而下分4层研究了斜坡岩土层含水量变化,发现了岩土层含水量变化对降雨过程的滞后性;(6)基于区域地质灾害评价预警的递进分析理论与方法(AMFP),利用地质灾害因子分析结果,分别计算了雅安试验区地质灾害"发育度"和"潜势度";(7)利用2003年8月23～25日的过程降雨观测资料,对雅安试验区在该降雨过程中发生的地质灾害事件进行了时空预警反演模拟研究,计算出的地质灾害"危险度"分布比较符合实际,"危险度"可以作为预警指数使用。     

Metrics to assess how longitudinal channel network connectivity and in‐stream Atlantic salmon habitats are impacted by hydropower regulation

Habitat fragmentation in channel networks and riverine ecosystems is increasing globally due to the construction of barriers and river regulation. The resulting divergence from the natural state poses a threat to ecosystem integrity. Consequently, a trade‐off is required between the conservation of biodiversity in channel networks and socio‐economic factors including power generation, potable water supplies, fisheries, and tourism. Many of Scotland's rivers are regulated for hydropower generation but also support populations of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) that have high economic and conservation value. This paper investigates the use of connectivity metrics and weightings to assess the impact of river barriers (impoundments) associated with hydropower regulation on natural longitudinal channel connectivity for Atlantic salmon. We applied 2 different weighting approaches in the connectivity models that accounted for spatial variability in habitat quality for spawning and fry production and contrasted these models with a more traditional approach using wetted area. Assessments of habitat loss using the habitat quality weighted models contrasted with those using the less biologically relevant wetted area. This highlights the importance of including relevant ecological and hydrogeomorphic information in assessing regulation impacts on natural channel connectivity. Specifically, we highlight scenarios where losing a smaller area of productive habitat can have a larger impact on Atlantic salmon than losing a greater area of less suitable habitat. It is recommended that future channel connectivity assessments should attempt to include biologically relevant weightings, rather than relying on simpler metrics like wetted area which can produce misleading assessments of barrier impacts.