澳门人地关系研究

从１６世纪中叶到２０世纪末叶,澳门的城市性质和城市功能发生多次急剧变化。人地关系一些要点在澳门的发展和变化中都有反映。澳门在浙、闽、粤沿海众多的港口中脱颖而出反映自然环境是社会是社会发展必不可少的条件。澳门成为东西方交流的桥梁反映自然环境在人地关系的演变,澳门经济转型艰难反映人文资源在人地关系中的地位呈上升趋势。澳门的城市形象和空间格局有抹不掉的自然印记,反映人地关系的发展是利用自然和利用自然规律     

珠江三角洲软土微结构的定量研究

对用不同长度的PVC管在珠海和广州两地采得的淤泥样柱施于一定荷载，然后在扫描电镜下研究软土受压后在样柱垂深方向上的微结构变化，并将样品的微结构照片扫描，在计算机内进行量化处理。结果表明，样品的孔隙分布分维差随着离施压点距离的增加而逐渐减小，从而得到两者的关系方程。据此，可了解在一定荷载下应力在软土层中向下的衰减趋势。文章还对软土的天然含水量和围压对压缩变形的影响作了初步的讨论。     

安徽洞穴资源及其开发利用

:通过对安徽143处洞穴及洞群的调查 ,阐明安徽洞穴资源分布特征 ,洞穴开发产生的经济效益和社会效益 ,开发潜力及远景。提出加强洞穴资源保护及合理开发利用的建议     

饱和软土压缩曲线的“反常”现象

饱和软土压缩试验时,经常出现压缩曲线“反常”、压缩系数“倒大”的现象。它是土的原始结构发生破坏前后的不同压缩性的客观反映。饱和软土的结构力很微弱,唯质量好的原状土才能见到这种“反常”。应从成孔、取样、测试及资料整理等多个环节保证其工程意义。     

地质学家重视研究深部（变质）CO_2对古气候的影响

地质学家重视研究深部（变质）ＣＯ２对古气候的影响贾跃明（中国地质矿产信息研究院，北京，１０００３７）近几年来，随着过去全球变化研究的兴起，地质学家越来越重视地质历史时期影响大气ＣＯ２浓度的因素的调查。不少人认为，变质作用和火山活动可能是过去大气中ＣＯ...     

A mapping of the electron localization function for the silica polymorphs: evidence for domains of electron pairs and sites of potential electrophilic attack

The electron localization function, η, evaluated for first-principles geometry optimized model structures generated for quartz and coesite, reveals that the oxide anions are coordinated by two hemispherically shaped η-isosurfaces located along each of the SiO bond vectors comprising the SiOSi angles. With one exception, they are also coordinated by larger banana-shaped isosurfaces oriented perpendicular to the plane centered in the vicinity of the apex of each angle. The hemispherical isosurfaces, ascribed to domains of localized bond-pair electrons, are centered ～0.70 Å along the bond vectors from the oxide anions and the banana-shaped isosurfaces, ascribed to domains of localized nonbonding lone-pair electrons, are centered ～0.60 Å from the apex of the angle. The oxide anion comprising the straight SiOSi angle in coesite is the one exception in that the banana-shaped isosurface is missing; however, it is coordinated by two hemispherically shaped isosurfaces that lie along the bond vectors. In the case of a first-principles model structure generated for stishovite, the oxide anion is coordinated by five hemispherically shaped η-isosurfaces, one located along each of the three SiO bond vectors (ascribed to domains of bonding-electron pairs) that are linked to the anion with the remaining two (ascribed to domains of nonbonding-electron pairs) located on opposite sides of the plane defined by three vectors, each isosurface at a distance of ～0.5 Å from the anion. The distribution of the five isosurfaces is in a one-to-one correspondence with the distribution of the maxima displayed by experimental Δρ and theoretical ??²ρ maps. Isosurface η maps calculated for quartz and the (HO) ₃ SiOSi(OH) ₃ molecule also exhibit maxima that correspond with the (3,?3) maxima displayed by distributions of ??²ρ. Deformation maps observed for the SiOSi bridges for the silica polymorphs and a number of silicates are similar to that calculated for the molecule but, for the majority, the maxima ascribed to lone-pair features are absent. The domains of localized nonbonding-electron pair coordinating the oxide anions of quartz and coesite provide a basis for explaining the flexibility and the wide range of the SiOSi angles exhibited by the silica polymorphs with four-coordinate Si. They also provide a basis for explaining why the SiO bond length in coesite decreases with increasing angle. As found in studies of the interactions of solute molecules with a solvent, a mapping of η-isosurfaces for geometry-optimized silicates is expected to become a powerful tool for deducing potential sites of electrophilic attack and reactivity for Earth materials. The positions of the features ascribed to the lone pairs in coesite correspond with the positions of the H atoms recently reported for an H-doped coesite crystal.     

Quasi-static analysis of strike fault growth in layered media

We study the effects of structural inhomogeneity on the quasi-static growth of strike-slip faults. A layered medium is considered, made up of an upper layer bounded by a free surface and welded to a lower half-space with different elastic property. Mode III crack is employed as a mathematical model of strike-slip fault, which is nucleated in the lower half-space and then propagates towards the interface. We adopt FEM-β, newly proposed analysis method for failure, to simulate the quasi-statistic crack growth governed by the stress distribution in layered media. Our results show that along planar traces across interfaces a compliant upper layer has significant effects on promoting/suppressing crack growth before/after its extension into the layer and vice versa for a rigid one. This proposes a possibility that surface breaks due to strike-slip faulting could be arrested by deposit layers at the topmost part of the Earth's crust.     

区域经济联系定量分析初探：以上海与苏锡常地区经济联系为例

针对目前区域联合日益广泛和经济联系量化研究不足的现状，在联系强度等方面提出一些新概念；阐述了经济联系量化指标的选取，建立了经济联系定量分析模型。     

广东省藤铁铁矿成矿地质特征

藤铁铁矿位于鱼鹿岩枝东接触带中段,该矿体为铁、铜、锡共(伴)生矿床.受断裂带、岩体侵入接触带、夕卡岩带和鱼鹿岩枝控制.据此总结出该区"三带一体"的成矿特征.     

西部公路路基内部排水效果模拟研究

以半挖半填路基为例，讨论了各类地质单元与路基系统的作用及路基系统内部地下水运动特征，着重分析了地下水对路基边坡稳定性的控制作用，通过敏感性分析，阐明了降低路基边坡地下水位的必要性，研究了地下水对路基系统的作用机理；建立了路基排水的数学模型，对影响路基排水的降雨强度、渗沟间距、排水时间等因素进行了敏感分析；通过对路基系统渗透系数、入渗系数、降雨量及初始水头的不同取值，运用Modflow软件对排水效果进行了模拟；通过工程实例，验证了路基排水设计方案的合理性。