自由地核章动的时变特性

对VLBI观测确定的IAU1980章动模型的天极偏移序列进行分析,结果显示自由地核章动在1990年以前的幅值比其后为强,其时变强度比周年受迫章动的为大．另外,小波变换的时频谱分析结果显示在天极偏移序列中存在一幅值约0．1毫角秒的准两年周期信号．仅从目前的数据分析结果尚不足以确定此信号与顺向自由地核章动之间的关系,进一步的观测检,验和深入的内核动力学研究是非常必要的．     

Could the energy near the FCN and the FICN be explained by luni-solar or atmospheric forcing?

The observed time-series of precession/nutation show residuals with respect to an empirical model based on the rigid Earth theoretical nutations and a frequency dependent transfer function with resonances to the Earth's normal modes. These residuals display energy mainly in the frequency domain around 430 and 500 days in the inertial frame. In this frequency band, the energy is possibly related to two normalmode frequencies: the free core nutation (FCN) and the free inner core nutation (FICN). In this paper, we examine the possibility of obtaining this energy from the resonance effect induced by a luni-solar (or planetary) forcing, or by an atmospheric forcing at a frequency very close to these Earth free nutations. The amplification factor due to the resonance is computed from an analytical formula expressed in the case of a simplified three-layer ellipsoidal rotating earth (with an elastic inner core, a liquid outer core and an elastic mantle), as well as the empirical formula based on the analysis of VLBI observations. For the tidal forcing, the theoretical results do not show any resonance at the level of precision we have examined but it is still possible to find one frequency near the FCN or FICN frequencies which could be excited. In contrast, for the atmospheric pressure the level of energy needed could be obtained from the diurnal pressure, depending on the noise level of the Earth's global pressure. We also show that the combination of three waves can explain the observed decrease of energy with time. While the tidal potential amplitudes are too small, a pressure noise level of 0.5 Pa would be sufficient to excite these waves.     

内核地球自转动力学理论的研究进展(Ⅵ)——章动转换函数和内核的动力学效应

本文是序列文章的第六篇,其主要内容包括：讨论了两种章动转换函数表达式以及它们系数之间的关系,指出了前人给出系数值的缺陷,以及某些公式表述的错误;基于内核地球模型的有关参数,利用Mathematica数学分析软件计算了PREM和1066A地球模型在FULL理论、MTIC和FIC近似下的章动本征模频率和章动转换函数的有关系数;计算了内核动力学对受迫章动的影响,结果表明其影响已在目前VLBI可检测的量级内.本文对地球章动转换函数进行了较完整的论述,期望对进一步研究地球自转动力学起重要作用.     

非刚体地球的受迫章动奥波策项和倾斜模

讨论了非刚体地球受迫章动奥波策项与简正模表达式中倾斜模的关系。结果表明天球历书极章动中倾斜振项对应于角动量极的章动,在球历书极章动与角动量极的章动奥波策项之和。同时还给出了岁差速率与自转极的章动奥波策项间的数学关系。     

A Hamiltonian approach to dissipative phenomena between the Earth's mantle and core, and effects on free nutations

The Hamiltonian formalism was recently applied by Getino (1995a,b) for the study of the rotation of a non-rigid earth with a heterogeneous and stratified liquid core. That earth model is generalized here by including the effect of the dissipation arising from the mantle-core interaction, using a model similar to that of Sasao, Okubo & Saito (1980), which includes both viscous and electromagnetic coupling. First, a solution for the free nutations is obtained following a classical approach, which in our opinion is more familiar to most of the readers than the Hamiltonian treatment. This solution provides a theoretical basis clear enough to study both the qualitative and quantitative effects of the dissipations considered in the hypotheses. The main qualitative features are, besides the delays, that the free core nutation (FCN) suffers an exponential damping, while the chandler wobble (CW) is not damped at first order, by the dissipation considered. The numerical values obtained for the complex compliances agree with the most recent experimental computations.
Next, the problem is studied under a Hamiltonian formalism, and a solution equivalent to the above is obtained. Besides its interest from a theoretical point of view, this formalism is necessary in order to apply canonical perturbation methods in order to obtain analytical nutation series.     

ITRS/J2000坐标转换误差及其对掩星反演的影响分析

分别对ITRS/J2000转换过程中的极移/潮汐章动、常数偏差矩阵等误差造成的影响进行分析,并分析季节变化、太阳活动、地磁活动等对坐标转换精度的影响。对2019年的IGS精密星历数据进行ITRS地固系转J2000惯性系坐标分析表明,潮汐章动造成的坐标转换误差为0.44 m,春季坐标转换误差(0.23 mm)是其他季节的约3倍;常数偏差矩阵对坐标转换误差可造成1.7 m的影响。对中性大气掩星反演的轨道转换加入误差改正项进行分析表明,潮汐章动和常数偏差矩阵对反演的温度产品分别造成0.09 K和0.19 K的误差影响。建议在进行GNSS无线电掩星反演中采用潮汐章动的高频改正,并且在ITRS/J2000转换过程中推荐将常数偏差矩阵进行旋转处理。     

用Hamilton方法计算弹性地球的章动序列

本文利用Hamilton方法研究弹性地球自转运动，采用地球模型PREM参数，给出了形状轴的章动序列．结果表明我们的方法是可行的，计算是可靠的．弹性地幔对地球章动的影响仅在毫角秒量级上，它相对液核对地球竟动的影响要小得多．     

The Effect Of Zonal Tides On The DynamicalEllipticity Of The EarthAnd Its Influence On The Nutation

In this paper, the expressions of variations of the dynamical ellipticity and the principal moments of inertia due to the deformations produced by the zonal part of the tidal potential are obtained. Starting from these expressions, we have studied from equations related to Hamiltonian theory, their effects on the nutation and finally we have evaluated numerically such influences, with a level of truncation at 0.1 μas. Thus we have shown that some coefficients are quite large with respect to the usual accuracy of up-to-date observations. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Study of the Earth's free core nutation by tidal gravity data recorded with international superconducting gravimeters

By stacking high-precision tidal gravity observations obtained with superconducting gravimeters at six stations in China, Japan, Belgium, France, Germany and Finland, the local systematical discrepancies in the parameter fitting, caused by atmospheric, oceanic tidal loading and the other local environmental perturbations, are eliminated effectively. As a result, the resonance parameters of the Earth's free core nutation are accurately determined. In this study, the eigenperiod of free core nutation is given as 429.0 sidereal days, which is in agreement with those published in the previous studies. It is about 30 sidereal days less than those calculated in theoretical models (about 460 sidereal days), which confirms the real ellipticity of the fluid core of the Earth to be about 5% larger than the one expected in assumption of hydrostatic equilibrium. The quality factor (Q value) of free core nutation is given as about 9543, which, compared with those determined before based on the body tide observations, is much larger, but more close to those obtained using the VLBI observations. The complex resonance strength is also determined as (?6.10(10?4, ?0.01(10?4)(/h, which can principally describe the deformation characteristics of an anelastic mantle.