跨断裂水准剖面观测在地震监测中的应用

由于活动地块的相对运动和变形，其边界带往往构造活动强烈，是反映地壳运动的敏感部位。基于上述思路，昆仑山口西8．1级大震发生后，通过大范围监测布设在青藏块体北部地区及周边主要构造带上的水准剖面，在短期内快速获取了大范围的断裂活动信息和不同断裂带对大区域构造应力场变化的响应特征。实践证明，这种监测方式灵活、作业周期短、资料处理快，能及时对震情趋势做出估计，不失为当前区域形变监测工作的一种新的探索。     

北祁连铜厂沟金矿含金黄铁矿热电性分析与找矿标志研究

根据铜厂沟金矿的矿区地质特征、含金黄铁矿热电性与微量元素分析等的研究,认为铜厂沟矿区自东向西黄铁矿热电性主要为N型电子导型,且有高负值→低正值→低负值→高负值变化趋势,提出Ag、As、Sb元素高浓度特征是金矿富集的有利部位,高硫黄铁矿与低硫黄铁矿混生或P、N导型黄铁矿混生是金矿富集的标志,含黄铁矿硫化物石英脉是有利的找矿标志.     

陕蒙交界地区碎屑岩风化成因浅析

陕蒙交界地区基岩均具强风化,由此造成当地环境恶化、下游地区生态破坏和灾害积累。其形成机理应与岩石本身的物质组成、自然地理环境、地质构造状况、水文地质条件及其物理化学条件有关。而南部地区,由于上述诸因素的差别,基岩风化微弱。     

The 1.5–5-day eastward waves in the upper stratosphere–mesosphere as observed by the Esrange meteor radar and the SABER instrument

Data of neutral meridional wind obtained by the meteor radar at Esrange and data of temperature and pressure measured by the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) instrument on board the Thermosphere–Ionosphere–Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) spacecraft were studied with respect to a day-to-day atmospheric variability with periods ranging from 1.5 to 5 days. The detailed analysis was carried out for February 2004. Perturbations of the atmospheric parameters at the examined periods appeared mainly as eastward-propagating waves of zonal wavenumbers 1 and 2. We suggested that these waves excited by the jet instability on both flanks of the polar-night jet in the upper stratosphere and mesosphere interact nonlinearly with each other, and this interaction generates secondary waves. The radar observed both primary and secondary waves at mesospheric heights. The data analysis supports this suggestion. Under conditions of weaker instability observed in February 2003 the perturbations of atmospheric parameters of periods ranging from 1.5 to 5 days had smaller amplitudes at heights of the mesosphere than those in February 2004. It was found that the Eliassen-Palm fluxes calculated for the waves generated by the jet instability were mainly downward directed. This result suggests a possible dynamical influence of the mesospheric layers on the lower atmospheric levels.     

Variability of Convective Activity over the North Indian Ocean and its Associations with Monsoon Rainfall over India

The present study is an attempt to examine the variability of convective activity over the north Indian Ocean (Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea) on interannual and longer time scale and its association with the rainfall activity over the four different homogeneous regions of India (viz., northeast India, northwest India, central India and south peninsular India) during the monsoon season from June to September (JJAS) for the 26 year period (1979 to 2004). The monthly mean Outgoing Long-wave Radiation (OLR) data obtained from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) polar orbiting spacecraft are used in this study and the 26-year period has been divided into two periods of 13 years each with period-i from 1979 to 1991 and period -ii from 1992 to 2004. It is ascertained that the convective activity increases over the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal in the recent period (period -ii; 1992 to 2004) compared to that of the former period (period -i; 1979 to 1991) during JJAS and is associated with a significantly increasing trend (at 95% level) of convective activity over the north Bay of Bengal (NBAY). On a monthly scale, July and August also show increase in convective activity over the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal during the recent period and this is associated with slight changes in the monsoon activity cycle over India. The increase in convective activity particularly over the Arabian Sea during the recent period of June is basically associated with about three days early onset of the monsoon over Delhi and relatively faster progress of the monsoon northward from the southern tip of India. Over the homogeneous regions of India the correlation coefficient (CC) of OLR anomalies over the south Arabian Sea (SARA) is highly significant with the rainfall over central India, south peninsular India and northwest India, and for the north Arabian Sea (NARA), it is significant with northwest India rainfall and south peninsular rainfall. Similarly, the OLR anomalies over the south Bay of Bengal (SBAY) have significant CC with northwest India and south peninsular rainfall, whereas the most active convective region of the NBAY is not significantly correlated with rainfall over India. It is also found that the region over northeastern parts of India and its surroundings has a negative correlation with the OLR anomalies over the NARA and is associated with an anomalous sinking (rising) motion over the northeastern parts of India during the years of increase (decrease) of convective activity over the NARA.     

青藏高原大气低频振荡的源、汇特征分析

使用1998年美国NCAR再分析的逐日资料，研究了1998年夏季青藏高原大气低频振荡的源、汇特征。青藏高原对于纬向风的低频波来说，有时是低频振荡的源区，有时是汇区。通过计算低频涡度的通量散度，进一步研究了低频涡源、涡汇特征。青藏高原在不同时间和不同部位，低频涡源、涡汇具有不同的分布特征，传播特征也不尽相同，青藏高原上空100hPa低频涡源、涡汇受到了南亚高压的很大影响。     

一次强龙卷风过程破坏力的估计

估计了 1 975年 6月 7日山东省栖霞县一次强龙卷风的环流参数 :最大风速可达6 2m·s-1,最大平移风速 1 2m·s-1,最大旋转风速 50m·s-1,总压力降为 2 7 5hPa。对龙卷风产生的极强的瞬时荷载、强烈的旋转扭曲、突然压力降及飞射物造成的破坏力进行了估计。     

非定常不稳定液固两相流动中旋涡对颗粒运动影响的数值研究

构建起双向耦合的液固两相流动旋涡动力学模型与数值方法;应用离散涡方法,计算非定常不稳定水流场;采用Lagrange方法模拟颗粒运动,颗粒对流体的反作用通过修正涡泡运动速度来实现。利用所建模型,计算了两种St数的泥沙粒子在圆柱绕流场中的运动。结果证明了液固两相流动中颗粒运动与旋涡存在着明确的相关结构:(1)当水沙混合物中的泥沙颗粒碰上旋涡时,泥沙颗粒被卷入旋涡中,被卷入旋涡中的泥沙颗粒在运动过程中始终分布于旋涡区;(2)均匀水沙混合物绕圆柱流动,由于流体流过圆柱时产生剧烈分离流动,使得在尾迹流内中等St数 (St～o (1))的泥沙颗粒从均匀水沙混合物中分离出来而往旋涡区聚集。     

佛子岭岩群中的晋宁期深成岩带及其构造含意

在北淮阳带东段,原卢镇关岩群小溪河组火山—深成杂岩是最主要的岩浆活动带。作者们在追索北秦岭加里东期岛弧东延的过程中,对该火山—深成岩带北部四个侵入佛子岭岩群的变形花岗岩测定了单颗粒锆石U-Pb年龄,所得结果为744±9Ma和665±39Ma,属震旦纪,讨论了由此测定结果产生的佛子岭岩群的时代和对比、大别地块的构造归属以及晋宁期的构造环境和演化顺序等问题。     

环境与发展中的南北关系

在环境与发展的问题上，发达国家与发展中国家之间存在着一种既利益相关又矛盾对立，既有合作又有斗争的相互关系，尤其是围绕温室气体排放和环境贸易问题的合作谈判始终伴随着激烈的南北冲突，作为发展中国家的环境大国，面对环境与发展的国际合作趋势和来自发达国家的挑战，应该采取积极对策，一方面积极开展环境外交，围绕斗争，争取利益，维护主权；另一方面加强环境对策及其理论研究，完善自身环境管理机制，为促进环境与发展的南北合作创造条件。