基于GIS城市土地利用现状与潜力分析数据处理方法的探索

城市土地管理与规划的科学性,取决于对现势土地利用情况掌握的完整性,对土地潜力挖掘的合理性,对未来发展把握的前瞻性。随着现代测绘与GIS技术的发展,其快捷、精准、直观和强大的空间数据分析能力等数据服务优势为科学合理地掌握与开发土地资源提供了保障。笔者结合工作实践,从土地利用现状与潜力分析的需求出发,对获取科学可靠的土地基础数据的数据组织结构,数据处理方法进行了有效的探索。     

铁路测量中坐标系的建立与转换

在铁路测量中,长度投影变形要求小于2．5cm／km。但是由于铁路为典型的线性工程,通常横跨多个投影带,因此采用国家标准3。带难以满足铁路测量精度要求,本文通过分析高斯投影长度变形,提出分段建立独立坐标系的方法,控制长度投影变形,满足精度要求,最后介绍利用GlobalMapper软件实现两个独立坐标系的转换。     

基于FUZZY模型的鄱阳县土地整治项目实施效益评价

本文应用FUZZY模型,从经济效益、景观生态效益、社会效益三方面对于鄱阳县古南乡的土地整治项目实施效益进行评价.通过评价,古南乡的土地整治项目取得了良好的综合效益,基本实现了项目设计目标.通过应用FUZZY模型,对于评价结果进行原因分析,从而为新一轮土地整治规划编制工作提供建议和依据.     

新区地籍数据库建设的探索与创新

地籍数据库建设工作是现代地籍管理工作的基础,在实际工作中已形成一套成熟的技术路线和数据标准.近年城市建设范围的迅速扩展对土地管理工作提出高要求,而地籍管理工作是土地管理的基础,所以地籍数据库的建设必须紧跟新区建设的步伐.在实际工作中老城区地籍数据库的建设方法并不适合在新区使用,为了提高新区地籍数据库建设工作的效率,本文对该工作进行了探索与创新.     

A progressive line simplification algorithm

An application of line simplification considering spatial knowledge is described. A method for identifying potential conflict regions, in order to avoid the self-intersection of generalized, lines, is also discussed. Further-more, a new progressive line simplification algorithm is presented. From the view point of spatial cognition, a spatial hierarchical structure is proposed, and its application to construction of spatial knowledge related to a line is explained.     

Optimization of land use structure based on ecological GREEN equivalent

Optimization of land use structure consists of economic and social and ecological optimization. Applying the minds of system engineering and principles of ecology, this paper presents such thoughts: the optimal forest-coverage rate calculated according to the reality of a district is set as main standard of ecological rationality in the district; through considering the value of ecosystem services of the land with GREEN equivalent (mainly cultivated land and grassland) and based on the rule, GREEN equivalent, this paper introduces the area conversion between woodland and cultivated land, also between woodland and grassland; this paper establishes a multi-dimension controlling model of optimization of land use structure. In addition, a multi-objective linear programming model for optimization of land use structure is designed. In the end, this paper tests and verifies this theory of ecological optimization, taking Qionghai city in Hainan Province as an example.     

Development of a data mining method for land control

Land resources are facing crises of being misused, especially for an intersection area between town and country, and land control has to be enforced. This paper presents a development of data mining method for land control. A vector-match method for the prerequisite of data mining i. e., data cleaning is proposed, which deals with both character and numeric data via vectorizing character-string and matching number. A minimal decision algorithm of rough set is used to discover the knowledge hidden in the data warehouse. In order to monitor land use dynamically and accurately, it is suggested to set up a real-time land control system based on GPS, digital photogrammetry and online data mining. Finally, the means is applied in the intersection area between town and country of Wuhan city, and a set of knowledge about land control is discovered.     

Models for analyzing the driving force of cultivated land supply change

This paper focuses on a series of quantitative analysis models, such as grey relational analysis model, hierarchical cluster analysis model, principal component analysis model, linear regression model and elastic coefficient model. These models are used to analyze the comprehensive function and effect of driving forces systemically, including analysis on features, analysis for differentiating the primary and the secondary, analysis on comprehensive effects, analysis of elasticity, analysis of prediction. The primary and characteristic factors can be extracted by analysis of features and analysis for differentiating the primary and the secondary. Analysis on prediction and elasticity can predict the area of cultivated land in the future and find out which factors exert great influence on the cultivated land supply.     

Landslide susceptibility assessment using three bivariate models considering the new topo-hydrological factor: HAND

Abstract

The main objective of this study is to assess the relative contribution of the state-of-the-art topo-hydrological factor, known as height above the nearest drainage (HAND), to landslide susceptibility modellling using three novel statistical models: weights-of-evidence (WofE), index of entropy and certainty factor. In total, 12 landslide conditioning factors that affect the landslide incidence were used as input to the models in the Ziarat Watershed, Golestan Province, Iran. Landslide inventory was randomly divided into a ratio of 70:30 for training and validating the results of the models. The optimum combination of conditioning factors was identified using the principal components analysis (PCA) method. The results demonstrated that HAND is the defining factor among hydrological and topographical factors in the study area. Additionally, the WofE model had the highest prediction capability (AUPRC = 74.31%). Therefore, HAND was found to be a promising factor for landslide susceptibility mapping.     

Investigating the land use characteristics of urban integration based on remote sensing data: experience from Guangzhou and Foshan

Abstract

Urban integration is an increasingly popular phenomenon. It is important to characterize the dynamic processes of urban integration from the perspective of geography. However, previous studies mainly focussed on the overall characteristics of a single entity and failed to consider inter-city influences. Therefore, this study aims to systematically investigate this phenomenon. Firstly, spatial clustering technique and landscape metric were used to analyze the temporal change of spatial layout. Secondly, we built multiple ring buffers of city boundary to reveal the directional differences in urban expansion. Lastly, we compared the observed land use data with the results simulated by cellular automata model. These experiments have shown that the urban expansion characteristics during the urban integration process are rather different from those of a single city, and the above methodology can effectively characterize the urban integration phenomenon. The successful example of Guangzhou–Foshan integration could also provide practical experience for other similar attempts.