旅游活动中和谐客我关系研究

旅游原本是在和谐的审美过程中亲近自然、获得美感并得到人性抚慰和心灵小憩的活动,是通过人与自然的互动和人际之间的交往去追求和实现和谐的一种途径和方式.而现实的旅游活动却并不尽如人意,反映出客我之间的误解、互相轻视、缺乏合作甚至矛盾冲突等不和谐之音.从心理学角度分析了旅游活动中人际关系不和谐的现象及影响客我关系的因素和过程.通过对人们的社会知觉、自我认知偏差、交流和沟通等心理过程以及对客我关系实质的分析,提出建立和谐客我关系的条件是服务、沟通、理解与合作,最后探讨了建立和谐客我关系的对策.     

Robust H∞ control for aseismic structures with uncertainties in model parameters

This paper presents a robust H∞ output feedback control approach for structural systems with uncertainties in model parameters by using available acceleration measurements and proposes conditions for the existence of such a robust output feedback controller. The uncertainties of structural stiffness, damping and mass parameters are assumed to be norm-bounded. The proposed control approach is formulated within the framework of linear matrix inequalities, for which existing convex optimization techniques, such as the LMI toolbox in MATLAB, can be used effectively and conveniently. To illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed robust H∞ strategy, a six-story building was subjected both to the 1940 El Centro earthquake record and to a suddenly applied Kanai-Tajimi filtered white noise random excitation. The results show that the proposed robust H∞ controller provides satisfactory results with or without variation of the structural stiffness, damping and mass parameters.     

任意多边形间方向关系的计算及其可确定问题

提出了一种符合空间认知规律的栅格化处理的任意多边形间方向关系的计算方法，该方法计算结果与人眼的判断结果非常接近，在此基础上讨论了多边形间方向关系的可确定问题，并提出了一种基于8方向隶属零值个数的两个多边形方向关系可确定程度的判定方法。     

土地房产基础地理信息系统建库中的质量控制探讨

在土地房产地理信息系统工程实践基础上，从空间数据的质量控制，属性数据的质量控制。空间数据之间的关系的质量控制以及空间数据与属性数据之间关联的质量控制等方面，探讨了土地房产基础地理信息系统数据采集和建库中有关质量控制问题，并提出了一些质量控制的方法和措施。     

测震学多项指标综合预测概率分析

通过对测震学各单项指标的预测效能调研，为进一步提取前兆信息，选择了7项测震学指标：频次、地震蠕变、6值、缺震、η值、GL值和调制比，进行综合概率分析。7项指标对关注地区的全时空扫描并考虑了空间单元异常与中强震地点对应的模糊关系，得到指标在各空间单元异常后发生中强震的条件概率。根据历史上每个单项指标的预报效能求计算综合概率时的指标权重，按贝叶斯定律得到相应不同指标在不同时间窗和不同空间单元时中强震发生的加权综合概率。计算结果（1970年以来）表明，对华北地区和川滇地区这一综合概率方法预测效能的R值评估超过0.5。     

环境与发展中的南北关系

在环境与发展的问题上，发达国家与发展中国家之间存在着一种既利益相关又矛盾对立，既有合作又有斗争的相互关系，尤其是围绕温室气体排放和环境贸易问题的合作谈判始终伴随着激烈的南北冲突，作为发展中国家的环境大国，面对环境与发展的国际合作趋势和来自发达国家的挑战，应该采取积极对策，一方面积极开展环境外交，围绕斗争，争取利益，维护主权；另一方面加强环境对策及其理论研究，完善自身环境管理机制，为促进环境与发展的南北合作创造条件。     

A study of design spectra based on attenuation relationship of ground motion

In recent years, more and more studies are focused on the performance in seismic design instead of the strength of structures. People have realized that the structure deformation (displacement) can describe the damage more properly and directly than the strength (force). The displacement design spectra need to be constructed within more wide range of the period and the damping for the displacement-based seismic design.     

赣南烟草化学组成及岩土地球化学特征

通过赣州地区14个典型烟草产区的岩石、土壤和烟叶地球化学调查和研究,初步评价研究区烟草产地的土壤营养状况,探讨烟草内在品质与基岩、土壤元素地球化学特征间的关系,为研究区烟草施肥及种植规划提供科学依据。     

Study on the relationship between geothermal exploitation and seismic activity in Xi’an region

Based on the analysis of the induced earthquakes in China and abroad, we get some ideas about earthquakes induced by pumping water out of a well or injecting water into a well. The induced earthquakes usually occur near the well, and they are generally small earthquakes. The earthquake sources are shallow, and they belong to the main shock-after shock type of earthquake or the swarm-type of earthquake. The magnitude and the quantity of the induced earthquakes obviously depend on the pressure and the quantity of water pumped or injected. These earthquakes happen as soon as pumping or injecting occurrence, or after ten or twenty days, they may occur at the time of injecting mud or injecting high pressure water when a well is being drilled, or at the time when the ground water is being normally exploited. A large quantity of hot water has been exploited since 1990 in Xi’an, and the quantity of water exploited has been increasing year by year, as a result the groundwater level has been dropping with the water pumped out and the water level is high in summer and low in winter. The earthquakes in Xi’an region belong to the solitary-type and they spread outside Xi’an city where the wells are concentrated but no earthquake happens. The seismic frequency and the energy released have no relation with the quantity of water exploitation or the water level in the well. It is considered that geothermal exploitation does not induce earthquakes in and around Xi’an because of its specially geological condition. Foundation item: Project sponsored by the Landslide Office of Shaanxi Province and Society of Disaster Reduction of Shaanxi Province.     

River flow mass exponents with fractal channel networks and rainfall

An important problem in hydrologic science is understanding how river flow is influenced by rainfall properties and drainage basin characteristics. In this paper we consider one approach, the use of mass exponents, in examining the relation of river flow to rainfall and the channel network, which provides the primary conduit for transport of water to the outlet in a large basin. Mass exponents, which characterize the power-law behavior of moments as a function of scale, are ideally suited for defining scaling behavior of processes that exhibit a high degree of variability or intermittency. The main result in this paper is an expression relating the mass exponent of flow resulting from an instantaneous burst of rainfall to the mass exponents of spatial rainfall and that of the network width function. Spatial rainfall is modeled as a random multiplicative cascade and the channel network as a recursive replacement tree; these fractal models reproduce certain types of self-similar behavior seen in actual rainfall and networks. It is shown that under these modeling assumptions the scaling behavior of flow mirrors that of rainfall if rainfall is highly variable in space, and on the other hand flow mirrors the structure of the network if rainfall is not so highly variable.