填埋场垃圾中优先流特征的染色示踪试验

生活垃圾具有大孔隙特性,垃圾中水分运动常表现出优先流特征。针对垃圾组成复杂、难以切片的特点,设计了一种能方便地得到垃圾染色剖面的试验方法。使用填埋场不同深度处的垃圾样进行染色示踪试验,对染色后的垃圾柱分别进行水平切片和竖向切片。基于数字图像处理技术,研究了垃圾中优先流特征。垃圾中大孔隙多、基质少,染色模式与土中不同,基质部分的染色比例较高。试验所得的染色面积比和染色深度能反映出垃圾中优先流的明显程度,染色面积比与参与优先流的大孔隙比例有关,染色面积比越大,优先流越明显,而染色深度与基质流比例有关,上部垃圾中基质流比例越低,入渗深度越深。不同入渗强度的试验结果表明,入渗强度越大时垃圾中优先流程度越高;不同初始含水率的试验结果表明,初始含水率高的垃圾试样中优先流更明显;不同埋深垃圾试样的试验结果表明,浅层垃圾中更易产生优先流。竖向切片与水平向切片所得规律完全一致,试验方法在实现垃圾染色示踪和切片研究的同时,未改变垃圾中优先流原有规律,准确揭示了垃圾中优先流特征。     

市政道路工程勘察资料的时效性分析和探讨

城市化的发展,使市政道路改造工程越来越多,如何科学有效地利用拟建期的勘察资料,节约勘察成本,成为工程勘察关注的焦点。通过对场地地形地貌和地质构造、地层和水文地质条件、岩土物理力学性质、场地稳定性评价和地震效应、岩土工程重点分析评价等岩土工程要素进行分析,对比前后各要素,探讨勘察资料的时效性,进而确定勘察点布置和深度,以及取土（水）样和原位测试工作量。最后以具体工程为例,探讨勘察要点,指出利用拟建期的勘察资料应主要考虑4.0m以内的地层变化,重点勘察路基破损的路段。     

集成BP网络在城市地下水水质评价中的应用

为了克服传统BP网络的不足,发挥共轭梯度法和梯度下降法各自的优势,在城市地下水水质评价模型中,采用了集成BP网络,用共轭梯度法和梯度下降法相结合的混合算法来训练网络。实例表明,将此网络模型应用于城市地下水水质评价是有效的、可行的。     

Spatial evolution and determinants of new infrastructure development in China北大核心CSCD

New infrastructure has become an important support for China's economic transformation and high-quality development in the new era. In order to investigate the temporal and spatial evolution of China's new infrastructure development and its driving factors, this study first constructed a comprehensive evaluation index of the development level of new infrastructure based on the provincial panel data from 2013 to 2020. Then, it used the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) entropy method and spatial econometric model to measure the development level of new infrastructure and analyze its driving factors. The results show that: 1) The development level of China's new infrastructure has increased year by year, and there is a trend of balanced development among provinces. 2) There is great spatial heterogeneity in the development level of China's new infrastructure. The new infrastructure development level is much higher in the eastern region than the central, western, and northeastern regions. The overall temporal and spatial evolution pattern showed an east-west expansion trend, and the center of gravity continued to move to the southwest. 3) The development level of new infrastructure is affected by many factors, among which the economic development level, financial development level, innovation foundation, urbanization process, and population size are the key driving factors. By examining the evolution of the spatial pattern of China's new infrastructure development level and its influencing factors, this article may provide a decision-making reference for its optimal layout and development. © 2023, Editorial office of PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY. All rights reserved.