SuperMap GIS与企业异构系统融合技术研究

探索在"中国制造2025"的战略背景下,GIS空间信息可视化技术在智能制造领域的应用模式.本文利用GIS技术构建数字化工厂空间信息可视化集成平台系统,以三维可视化的方式支撑企业生产管控、能源管理、HSE管理、供应链管理、设备管理、运营决策六大核心业务域.基于GIS技术实现了工厂从规划设计、建设管理到运营管理整个生命周期的全新业务应用模式,研究了通过企业集成总线将GIS平台与企业的核心业务系统进行无缝集成的技术路线.以基于SuperMap GIS开发的三维工艺仿真GIS系统与石油化工企业的应用系统集成为例,实现了GIS平台与企业应用系统之间的双向调用.验证了该技术在解决异构系统集成问题时的可行性和有效性.本文的研究为GIS技术在智能制造领域的深度应用提供了思路.     

大陆台资跨界生产网络的空间组织模式及其复杂性研究——基于大陆台商千大企业数据

基于中华征信所数据库中大陆台商千大企业数据中1988~2014年的台资母子企业注册时间、详细地址、行业类型、主营业务等数据,运用复杂网络分析方法,采用GIS、Matlab和Gephi等技术手段,考察大陆台资跨界生产网络的空间组织模式及其复杂性拓扑结构特征。研究结果表明：1）台商千大企业的时空演进具有明显的区域差异性和行业指向性,即整体上呈“南密北疏”“东高西低”的格局,集中分布于以上海、广东、福建、重庆为代表的长三角、珠三角、海西区、西三角等地区,分别以制造业中的电子信息、机械和石化产业、以服务业中的一般批发零售业和信息传输、计算机服务与软件业等生产性服务业为主;2）大陆台资跨界生产网络的空间结构特征表现为：网络联系覆盖地域广泛;呈三轴放射状空间结构;网络联系键的空间异质性显著;3）大陆台资跨界生产网络处于随机网络向无标度网络分布的过渡期,并表现为出明显的小世界网络特征。     

Exploring Economic Development Through Headquarters: The Spatial Distribution of Turkey's Large Industrial Enterprises and Its Implications for Urban Systems

This article examines the distribution of the headquarters of top 500 large industrial enterprises in Turkey. It contributes to the knowledge of economic geography by examining regional clusters of headquarters activity in Turkey. As a country, Turkey's corporations have not been extensively analyzed or integrated into the international economic geography literature especially given the fact that headquarters activities in general are important but understudied in the literature of geography. This study therefore extends the corporate literature further in an international dimension, a priority that has been noted as important in the headquarters literature of geography. It argues that not only does the spatial organization of corporations remain important in urban systems but also that they are linked to the dynamics of local and regional economies within developing countries. It shows that various Turkish cities have distinctive internal structures comprising agglomerations of different industries. Although some of these industries are better performing in big cities, the majority of the cities in the top 500 large enterprises list underperform on average.     

The emissions responsibility accounting of multinational enterprises for an efficient climate policy

The achievement of global warming limits below 2 °C and 1.5 °C requires deeper involvement of nonstate and subnational actors. In this paper, we focus on multinational enterprises (MNEs) and propose a new technology-adjusted investment-based emission accounting (TIBA) system that considers the technology gap between parent companies and their foreign affiliates. Specifically, TIBA rewards the home regions that transfer clean technology to host regions through MNEs to reduce global emissions and penalizes home regions that expand with high emission intensities through MNEs to increase global emissions. Under the TIBA system, the economies with high outward foreign direct investment stocks are assigned significantly higher responsibilities of emissions than under the production-based accounting (PBA), such as the United States, major European economies, Japan, and Canada. However, the increases in responsibilities differ sharply, depending on their investing regions and industries, as well as the technology transfers. Moreover, our measurements suggest that ideal technology transfers under TIBA would reduce emissions by up to 3,762 Mt, accounting for ∼16% of global Carbon Dioxide emissions from industrial processes involving fossil fuel combustion in 2016. This implies that there is room for improvement in low-carbon technology transfers through MNEs to combat global climate change. Thus, we argue that TIBA targets an efficient policy that highlights the role of MNEs.     

Preferential treatment in a transition economy: the case of state‐owned enterprises in the textile and garment industry in Vietnam

The article examines the role and contribution of preferential treatment of state enterprises to growth in the textile and garment industry. State enterprises are still the largest single sector in the textile and garment industry in Vietnam, but are losing market shares to private Vietnamese enterprises and foreign‐owned enterprises despite the benefits that they enjoy. However, in the present context of economic transition and keen competition in the global market, well‐managed state enterprises are attractive to foreign buyers of their products and have a role to play in market access abroad. This contrasts with the neoliberal notion that privatization is essential to competitiveness in the global market.     

三峡库区搬迁企业空间联系与企业发展模式研究

立足于大量的实地考察、相关政府部门的咨询和企业的访谈等具体调研基础上，根据企业空间联系理论、企业内分工理论和欠发达地区发展理论等，研究了库区企业的空间联系和可能的合作模式，并提出了相应的企业发展方向。在市场环境下，三峡库区企业可能形成四种空间联系模式，即产业内分工模式、市场依托型模式、名牌产品嫁接型模式、资金和技术嫁接型模式等。按照三峡库区企业现状和特征，库区企业在生产要素联系上，可能形成资源纽带型、原料和半成品供求型、配件承包和转包型与资本联系型等四种网络组织。     

浅谈地质队走向现代企业制度的框架与模式

根据现代企业制度的特征及其运行模式,提出地质队走向现代企业途径是将社会职能与政府职能部分从地质队中分离出来,按资源优化配制的市场规律进行资产重组,组建有限责任公司或股份合作制企业,并根据地质队的现代特征,提出地质队改造成现代企业的框架与模式。     

企业管理转型创新思路浅析

在中国大规模推进事业单位改革的背景下,绝大部分地勘企事业单位,都不可回避地面临着转型和重生。大环境的变化已经势不可挡,转型升级的迫切性,很多地勘单位及职工已经有切身体会。然而,在推动企业转型过程中,大家关注最多的是企业的生产和业务转型,甚至放上全部精力和注意力,对管理的转型关注却不够,管理的滞后反过来则影响和拖累了企业走市场和加快转型的步伐。因此,在地勘企业转型发展过程中,必须强化和拓宽管理思路,在管理、人才、发展模式等等方面创新,结合企业实际,努力探索出一套适合本单位的管理观念、思想和方法。     

旅游企业思想库构建研究

依据思想库理论及中国旅游业研究机构现状,可以看出旅游企业思想库是旅游业研究中的一个重要组成部分。作为为旅游业、旅游企业发展提供智力支持的研究机构,旅游企业思想库应从筹资机制、思想生产机制、人才机制、管理机制、检验机制等5个方面进行具体构建。在运营过程中,旅游企业思想库应注意研究数据来源的权威性、研究范围的广域性、研究过程的保密性等一些问题,充分发挥“智囊”作用,帮助旅游企业实现可持续发展。     

Organisational hierarchies and decision making process of Chinese multinational enterprises in Vietnam

This paper examines the organisational hierarchies and decision making processes of two Chinese multinational enterprises operating in Vietnam—China Luoyang Floating Glass Corp.(CLFG) and China TCL Holdings Co.Ltd.(TCL).For this study, research data were obtained from in-depth interviews of more than 20 government officials in P.R.China and Vietnam, and managers and staff of those two enterprises.Results indicate that the organisational structures of the two enterprises are still vertical but complex, although moderate changes made to them post the nationwide economic reform of China.Consequently, decision making process follows a "top-down" model, sometimes, with insufficient grassroots information.Findings are discussed in the light of political, social and cultural milieu, and implications are drawn for the management of Chinese multinational enterprises operating in overseas markets.Both CLFG and China TCL are structured on task specialisations.However, departmentalisation in TCL′s overseas division in head office is not only based on products, but also on geographical regions of markets.The organisational structure of TCL in Vietnam is less complex than the international division, but it is more centralised.Decision making at TCL combines more traditional Chinese business philosophy with modern western organisational characteristics.TCL has a strong western influence in its management style.However, some traditional characteristics such as "hero" leadership influence and political influence are involved with decision making at TCL.Amongst others, the transitional economy, social culture, poor management system and political sensitivity have been major elements influencing decision making.In the case of CLFG, some decisions have been made before proper information has been gathered and analysed.