Research on Effect of SMA Damper in Passive Control

In this article, mechanics model of SMA center tension from damper is developed. According to the theory of Brinson constitutive model and thermodynamics first law, damper thermodynamics non-linear equation has been developed. Dynamics non-linear equation of frame structure under operation of SMA damper and its solution have been worked out; the software of seismic response analysis for frame structure and of damper characteristic analysis have been compiled with MATLAB software, andthe examples have been computed with it. The result indicates that SMA damper has obvious damp characteristics and it can provide with obvious restraint effect for seismic response of frame structure. Decreasing rate of displacement and velocity on top of frame structure reaches 50％-60％. The result is in accordance with other pundits experimentation results, which indicates that the above methods are correct and useful.     

大数据量地球物理测井绘图关键技术研究

在开发地球物理测井解释软件过程中,绘图所涉及的数据量很大,在绘图过程中要进行大量的比例运算、坐标转换及坐标映射等,特别是绘制巨幅、需要连续滚屏显示的声电成像测井图像,数据量和运算量更大,因此,就会经常出现内存不足、图形刷新速度过慢、图形重叠和闪烁等现象.在开发测井解释系统GeoWell过程中,采用内存映射文件、内存DC绘图、局部重绘等技术实现了大数据量巨幅测井图形的快速度、高质量绘制以及图形的连续滚动显示,提高了绘图效率,为微机环境下开发大数据量复杂测井绘图软件提供了技术参考.     

锥形形状记忆合金阻尼器性能分析与试验研究

本文对一种新型形状记忆合金阻尼器——锥形形状记忆合金阻尼器的性能进行了数值分析和试验研究。基于形状记忆合金的超弹性双线型本构模型,利用非线性有限元方法分析了锥形形状记忆合金阻尼器的滞回性能,并且用大型能用程序ANSYS进行了验证,得出锥形形状记忆合金阻尼器的滞回模型可简化为分段线性滞回模型,试验包括形状记忆合金丝的本构试验、疲劳试验阳阻尼器的性能试验．试验结果与数值分析结果基本吻合,形状记忆合金表现出良好的超弹性。     

Land cover effects on runoff patterns in eastern Piedmont (USA) watersheds

Physiography and land cover determine the hydrologic response of watersheds to climatic events. However, vast differences in climate regimes and variation of landscape attributes among watersheds (including size) have prevented the establishment of general relationships between land cover and runoff patterns across broad scales. This paper addresses these difficulties by using power spectral analysis to characterize area‐normalized runoff patterns and then compare these patterns with landscape features among watersheds within the same physiographic region. We assembled long‐term precipitation and runoff data for 87 watersheds (first to seventh order) within the eastern Piedmont (USA) that contained a wide variety of land cover types, collected environmental data for each watershed, and compared the datasets using a variety of statistical measures. The effect of land cover on runoff patterns was confirmed. Urban‐dominated watersheds were flashier and had less hydrologic memory compared with forest‐dominated watersheds, whereas watersheds with high wetland coverage had greater hydrologic memory. We also detected a 10–15% urban threshold above which urban coverage became the dominant control on runoff patterns. When spectral properties of runoff were compared across stream orders, a threshold after the third order was detected at which watershed processes became dominant over precipitation regime in determining runoff patterns. Finally, we present a matrix that characterizes the hydrologic signatures of rivers based on precipitation versus landscape effects and low‐frequency versus high‐frequency events. The concepts and methods presented can be generally applied to all river systems to characterize multiscale patterns of watershed runoff. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

形状记忆合金橡胶对高架桥梁碰撞减震效果的试验研究

地震作用下,高架桥梁相邻主梁间的碰撞会引起结构位移和加速度响应增大、应力提高,导致混凝土开裂、脱落和伸缩缝被挤压破坏,甚至引发桥梁落梁和倒塌等,因此采取减轻或者避免桥梁结构在地震作用下碰撞的措施显得尤为必要。设计制备了具有变形自恢复能力的形状记忆合金橡胶碰撞缓冲器,通过桥梁地震碰撞的振动台试验,研究了形状记忆合金橡胶缓冲器对桥梁碰撞的控制效果,提出了碰撞缓冲器吸能效率和结构自身耗能控制率指标。研究表明,形状记忆合金橡胶碰撞缓冲器具有稳定的吸能效率,能够大幅度降低桥梁结构碰撞加速度和碰撞力,这对于提高城市交通网络的地震安全性能具有重要意义。     

设备场境(DC)在Windows GDI中的应用

Ｃ＋＋对Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ图形设备界面（ＧＤＩ）进行了封装,使得Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ环境下的图形开发相当快捷,尤其是它提供的几个设备场境类,使得对图形的操纵更加得心应手。     

Shaking table tests of steel frame with superelastic Cu–Al–Mn SMA tension braces

Shaking table tests are performed on a one‐bay one‐story steel frame with superelastic Cu–Al–Mn shape memory alloy (SMA) tension braces. The frame is subjected to a series of scaled ground motions recorded during the 1995 Kobe earthquake, Japan. The test results demonstrate that the SMA braces are effective to prevent residual deformations and pinching. It is also shown that the time history responses observed from the shaking table tests agree well with the numerical predictions using a rate‐independent piecewise‐linear constitutive model calibrated to the quasi‐static component tests of the SMA braces. This suggests that the loading rate dependence of Cu–Al–Mn SMAs as well as the modeling error due to the piecewise linear approximation can be neglected in capturing the global response of the steel frame. Numerical simulations under a suite of near‐fault ground motion records are further performed using the calibrated analytical models to demonstrate the effectiveness of the SMA braces when the variability of near‐fault ground motions is taken into account. A stopper, or a deformation restraining device, is also proposed to prevent premature fracture of SMA bars in unexpectedly large ground motions while keeping the self‐centering capability in moderate to large ground motions. The effectiveness of the stopper is also demonstrated in the quasi‐static component and shaking table tests. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

思念裴文中院士

裴文中教授是我国地质学界前辈中最富传奇色彩的杰出科学家之一 ,因发现周口店“北京人”而享誉科学界。他的聪明才智和对科学的执着追求 ,终于把伟大的科学发现带给了科学界和广大民众。他的业绩和关心贫苦的精神深深影响了他的同事和学生也影响了同时代的中国地质学家。为纪念这位伟大的第四纪地质学家、古脊椎动物学家和史前考古学家逝世 2 0周年 ,作者怀着无限崇敬的心情 ,通过日常接触和交往中的一些小故事 ,介绍了裴文中教授的人格魅力 ,他留下的这些精神财富无疑是对我们为社会和科学事业做出更多贡献的巨大推动力。在这篇纪念短文中 ,作者希望大家从裴文中教授之所以在其科学生涯中取得成就 ,和在中国地质学界受敬仰的点点滴滴中得到启示。     

实时洪水预报综合修正方法初探

利用误差的相似性扩大实时修正信息量,结合神经网络异联想记忆技术,提出了综合实时修正方法。并在七里街流域用11场洪水分别采用自回归(AR)模型和综合修正方法进行实时修正。分析结果表明,采用综合修正方法既能获得比AR模型更好的精度,又不损失洪水预报的预见期。进一步对闽江的6个支流流域近50场洪水进行综合修正方法实时修正检验,都获得了较好的结果。     

基于OpenMP的非连续变形分析并行计算方法

非连续变形分析（DDA）方法严格满足平衡要求和能量守恒,具有完全的运动学及数值可靠性,但对大规模岩土工程问题的数值模拟耗时太长,尤其是线性方程组求解,并行计算可以很好地解决该问题。首先基于DDA方法的基本理论,阐述了适用于DDA方法中的基于块的行压缩法和基于“试验-误差”迭代格式的非零位置记录;其次,引入块雅可比迭代法并行求解DDA方法的线性方程组,并改进了相应的非零存储方法;最后,基于OpenMP实现了DDA线性方程组求解并行计算,并将其应用于地下洞室群的破坏过程分析,以加速比为并行效率的指标评价,结果表明,该并行计算策略可以极大提高DDA的计算效率,而且适合各种规模的问题。