吉林省心脑血管疾病与气象条件关系分析和预报研究

利用吉林省部分地区医院病例资料及气象资料,分析了吉林省心脑血管疾病与气象条件的关系。结果发现:心脑血管疾病的复发、加重与气象条件有一定的关系,但不同的患者对天气变化的敏感性有一定的差异。在各种天气条件中,以气压低、感觉闷热的影响最为显著,确认率达74%。不论冬半年还是夏半年,长春市气压和气温的大幅变化都易引起冠心病复发,较大幅度的气压升高、气温下降对脑出血、脑梗塞不利,高血压主要与气压的波动、相对湿度关系较为密切。辽源市心脑血管疾病在日平均气温和极端气温下降、气压上升时发病人数增加。气象要素影响心脑血管疾病的机理分析表明:高温、高湿天气将造成心排出量增加,心功能减弱,心排血量降低;强降温将导致人体内的肾上腺素水平上升,从而造成心律加快,血压升高,同时寒冷刺激可使交感神经过度兴奋,诱发冠状动脉痉挛甚至心肌梗死。最后,建立了长春市和辽源市医疗气象预报模型。     

洛川姜石的矿物药材特征

用化学分析、光谱分析、X射线衍射分析、差热分析和扫描电镜等对产于陕西洛川黄土不同层位中的三种成因类型五种结构类型姜石测试表明,姜石是由方解石(为主)、石英、长石和粘土矿物伊利石、蒙脱石、高岭石等构成的多矿物聚集体。 姜石作为矿物药材用于防治疾病,其药理作用主要在于含有具特殊疗效的微量元素和矿物成分。当方解石和具有强吸附性能及离子交换容量大的粘土矿物含量占一定比例时,疗效最佳。产于晚第三系三趾马红粘土层(N_2)和第四系早更新世午城黄土下部(Q_1~1),且具有碎斑状结构及均质结构的姜石药性最佳     

略论医学地质学

医学地质学这一新兴学科越来越与人类健康紧密相联,本文通过对医学地质学的概念、研究对象进行简单阐述,初探医学地质学在实践中的应用。     

Research Progress of Transportation Facilities Construction and Their Impact Assessment in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau

The Qinghai Tibet Plateau (QTP) is an important ecological security barrier region and strategic resource reserve base in China. It is of great significance to explore the construction and impact of its transportation facilities. Through combing the relevant research, we found that: \mathrm{①} With the construction of macro regional policies and major transportation facilities, the relevant research has been growing rapidly since 2000, and the contribution of Chinese Academy of Sciences, transportation universities and research institutions is outstanding; \mathrm{②} The key research of QTP's transportation facilities construction includes the constraints and countermeasures of permafrost melting, sandstorm, erosion and geological disasters, the development process of modern comprehensive transportation system and its spatial characteristics, and the evolution of multi-scale regional traffic connection and accessibility; \mathrm{③} The regional impact assessment of traffic facilities mainly focuses on ecological environment and social economy. The former results are mainly negative effects such as disturbing ecosystem, cutting landscape pattern, destroying vegetation cover and disturbing the normal living habits of wild animals, while the latter ones are mainly positive effects like promoting macro regional development, changing the spatial structure of regional development, and driving the development of tourism and other related industries. In general, the positive and negative effects of multi-dimensional and multi-scale show the characteristics of differentiation and multiple feedbacks. With the implementation of the Second Comprehensive Scientific Investigation on the QTP and the construction of Third Pole National Park Group, Sichuan-Tibet Railway and Qinghai-Tibet Expressway, we should further focus on the breakthroughs in key relevant technologies, the balance of transportation system with national strategies and regional functions, the combination of travel perception and comprehensive traffic accessibility, combing the comprehensive impact mechanism from the perspective of coupling and the construction of analysis framework that is in line with regional reality, etc.     

大城市医疗健康资源空间交互及其网络演化——以郑州中心城区为例

认知资源要素在地表人文活动中的空间交互性对地理学研究具有重要意义。本文基于人文-经济地理学相关理论,从“单资源-复合资源-资源网络”多尺度视角出发,初步构建了医疗健康资源空间交互研究的基本理论框架,利用2012年和2020年百度地图POI数据,综合运用Ripley's K函数、格网熵指数、协同区位商以及社会网络分析等定量方法,从集聚交互、功能交互和网络交互3个方面研究郑州市医疗健康资源空间交互及其网络演化特征。结果表明：① 从集聚交互上看,各类医疗健康资源在数量和增速上扩张明显,同时呈现出显著集聚特征且集聚程度逐步增强,相对而言,更具综合性的医院健康资源的集聚程度最高;多距离下各类医疗健康资源集聚规模差异在不断缩小,集聚交互向良性方向发展。② 从功能交互上看,医疗健康资源的功能主导类型逐渐复杂,交互复合性逐步增强。医疗健康资源功能交互空间格局经历了主导类型由“单功能为主、多功能兼容”向“多功能为主、单功能为辅”转变,由点状格局到连片发展的蔓延模式与空间跳跃的飞地模式并存的转变特征。③ 从网络交互上看,医疗健康资源网络密度基本保持稳定,网络联系性质演化特征明显。诊疗与医药健康资源始终处于强联系的地位,存在集聚促进机制;理疗健康资源在关联网络中联系强度逐步提高,网络地位有所上升;而医院健康资源以其独有的规模大、高品质和综合性等特征在网络体系中具有较强独立性。