矿山淹井中水位、水量的快速估算和预报

本文用数理统计方法,快速估算和预报矿山淹井中水住、最高水位,矿井水涌量、涌入矿区的总水量和需要排出水量。用简单易行的反推法确定淹井的涌水量,并推导出计算式,以供使用。该方法在某矿淹井中使用,效果良好。     

Shape analysis and multispectral classification in geological remote sensing

This paper discusses the usage of mathematical morphology in image processing of remotely-sensed data for geologic interpretation. Particular attention is given to noise-reducing transformations of spectral bands before and after different methods of classification, and to the usage of textural context. The development of a viable processing strategy requires a multidisciplinary approach and expert knowledge in different areas: (a) geology, geomorphology, and vegetation in a study area, (b) properties of the sensor for imagery photointerpretation, (c) spectral/spatial properties of the digital data within an integrated dataset (remote sensing and ancillary data), and (d) data-processing tools including mathematical morphology theory. Examples of geometric characterization of Canadian LANDSAT scenes are described in which shape measurements are obtained using a PC-based hybrid image-processing and geographic information system, termed ILWIS, which was developed at ITC, in the Netherlands. Classes from supervised and unsupervised classification are compared to guide in geological mapping. Classes over individual occurrences of broad vegetation-landform units are studied to aid in environmental mapping. Field knowledge is the context necessary to construct expert procedures to drive sequences of data-processing steps toward a target result such as optimal classification, enhancement, or feature extraction. The interaction between expert rules and the image-processing steps can be based on synthetic measurements of shape to quantize the information either spatially or spectrally. Many useful geometrical transformations of spatially-distributed data are extensions or generalizations of spatial analysis functions typical of geographic information systems.     

云南省元谋干热河谷的土壤系统分类

应用土壤系统分类的原理和方法，研究了元谋干热河谷主要土壤的土壤铁铝特性、弱腐殖质化（层）特性、变性特征、岩性特征等诊断特性。据此提出了当地高级分类单元的土壤系统分类（草案）。分析了主要土壤的剖面特征和理化性状，并对亚类以下分类问题提出了看法。     

TWO－DIMENSIONAL MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR STUDYING EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION OF A WANDERING STRETCH IN THE LOWER YELLOW RIVER

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复合褶皱数学模型的应用

为便于对褶皱构造的几何形态进行描述、概括和实际应用，在划分出两个基本类型褶皱的基础上，用数学方程式对五种叠加褶皱进行了表述，这样，利用计算机可以快速准确地获得叠加褶皱的具体形态。     

盆地地史模拟述评

论述了盆地地史模拟的一般研究方法，认为回剥法是现今重建盆地沉积史与构造史最精确的方法详细讨论了地坟实校正、不整合处理和构造沉隆分析等主要数学模型及其适用范围；并在介绍地史模拟研究历史和研究现状的基础上，指出了地史模拟的发展方向。     

A review of mathematical models of river planform changes

Different mathematical models of river planform changes exist or are being developed. They are reviewed here by discussing a two-dimensional depth-averaged model, various meander models and a model for the braided Brahmaputra-Jamuna River in Bangladesh. Much emphasis is placed on topics where further research is needed. It is concluded that the models help in understanding the underlying processes, but cannot yet be considered generally valid and easy-to-use software packages. In the hands of experienced geomorphologists or river engineers, however, some of the models do already form valuable tools which allow better predictions of future river planforms.     

Exploratory spectral analysis of hydrological times series

Current methods of estimation of the univariate spectral density are reviewed and some improvements are made. It is suggested that spectral analysis may perhaps be best thought of as another exploratory data analysis (EDA) tool which complements, rather than competes with, the popular ARMA model building approach. A new diagnostic check for ARMA model adequacy based on the nonparametric spectral density is introduced. Additionally, two new algorithms for fast computation of the autoregressive spectral density function are presented. For improving interpretation of results, a new style of plotting the spectral density function is suggested. Exploratory spectral analyses of a number of hydrological time series are performed and some interesting periodicities are suggested for further investigation. The application of spectral analysis to determine the possible existence of long memory in natural time series is discussed with respect to long riverflow, treering and mud varve series. Moreover, a comparison of the estimated spectral densities suggests the ARMA models fitted previously to these datasets adequately describe the low frequency component. Finally, the software and data used in this paper are available by anonymous ftp from fisher.stats.uwo.ca.     

Seismogenic model of earthquakes in groups in tectonic block and analysis for some features of earthquake precursory field

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房山花岗闪长岩体长石斑晶的数学特征及相带划分

对北京房山花岗闪长岩体中长石斑晶进行了系统测量,测点密度平均4.37个/km~2,测量标志为长石斑晶长轴长度和长石斑晶线含量等。对测得数据进行了分布统计、有序样品最优分割、和趋势变化分析等处理。揭示了长石斑晶在岩体中的分布规律和数学特征,划分了趋势岩相带,从而提出了较为合理的岩相带划分原则。