nhanced Destriping of Satellite Data of Ice Surface in Antarctica

This paper briefly reviews the cause of the striping and then develops a tapered (Chebwin & Kaiser) window finite impulse response (FIR) filter and a constrained least squares FIR filter by reason of the striping of ASTER satellite data . Both filters minimize the stripes in the visible data and simultaneously minimize any distortion in the filtered data. Finally, the results obtained by using these new filtering methods are quantitatively compared with those produced by other destriping methods.     

移动视频通信快速块匹配算法分析

先提出移动视频通信对运动估计搜索算法在运算时间和准确度上的要求.在对目前运动估计快速块匹配算法研究的基础上,简述了运动估计的原理;揭示了在视频质量、搜索速度和压缩码率等方面提高算法效率的3类主要问题：初始搜索点的选择、匹配准则和搜索策略;分别阐述了目前常用的解决这3类问题的方法和相应算法,并进行了比较和分析;提出运动估计算法的发展趋势.     

一种基于差分投影的汽车牌照自动识别方法

针对汽车牌照的特点,利用差分投影法对汽车图像进行处理,确定出牌照的准确位置并将其整体切割下来;然后利用差分投影法对牌照进行切分,切分出待识别的车牌字符;再利用模板匹配的方法对切分出的车牌字符进行识别.实践证明该方法对汽车牌照的自动识别非常有效.     

Major ion variation and efflux related to discharge in a mafic piedmont province watershed

Major-ion variability related to discharge was analysed in a forested 187 km² mafic Piedmont Province watershed using statistical (both parametric and non-parametric), graphical (box-plots) and curve-fitting (log concentration-log discharge) techniques. Baseflow alkalinity and base cation concentrations show systematic temporal variations as a result of the influx of additional water that occurs during the late autumn to early spring. Regression analyses indicate that storm-related discharge and baseflow generated during periods of water surplus are characterized by similar dilution slopes. Mass balance estimates indicate that the additional water, which comprises storm/recession discharge and base-flow from late autumn to early spring, is between about 30 and 80% as concentrated as summer low-flow. The thick clay-rich soil mantle represents a key control on solute concentrations in that it stores water for periods of time sufficient for a high degree of water-mineral interaction to occur. Hence solute-discharge relationships (C = aQ^b, where b is typically < 0) are characterized by relatively low slope values and there is ample acid neutralizing capacity throughout the range of discharge. Owing to the predominance of amphibolite, solute efflux related to rock weathering from the Falling Creek watershed is much greater than other more felsic locations within the region. Statistical analyses (Mest and the non-parametric Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test), along with accompanying box-plot representations, provide a useful method of describing systematic annual hydrochemical variation within streamflow. These methods are particularly effective for those instances in which a long-term data set exists, but is limited to relatively few sampling periods per year.     

剩余静校正异常对叠加结果的影响与采集参数和反射特征的关系

从地震勘探的基本原理出发，分析了剩余静校正异常对叠加结果影响的基本假定和数学模型，详细推导剩余静校正异常的幅度和波长(剩余异常变化速率)对纵波和转换波叠加的影响与地震排列长度、信号频率、反射同相轴时间关系的公式。并按公式研制了相应的软件。分析这些关系表明：地震信号的高频分量受剩余异常影响大；剩余异常引起的能量衰减与深度无关，剩余异常引起的相位延迟随深度而变化；由于切除，长波长异常使浅层同相轴形态畸变，短波长异常使深层同相轴能量衰减；转换波比纵波剩余异常幅度大且变化剧烈．转换波剩余异常是Vp／Vs，界面深度和炮检距的函数。这些参数间的关系可作为最佳采集参数设计和处理方法选择的一种依据。     

中国海洋渔业人力资源结构的灰色分析及其预测

用灰色关联和灰色预测的方法，对我国沿海省市海洋渔业人力资源的结构和现状进行了分析，并对2000～2005年的人力资源发展状况进行了预测。结果认为，对海洋渔业劳动力影响最大的因素是海洋捕捞专业的劳动力，其次是海洋兼业劳动力，再次是海洋养殖和后勤专业的劳动力，这一人力资源的组成结构对可持续渔业的发展要求不尽合理。通过分别建立灰色模型GM（1，1），预测到2000～2005年从事海洋渔业的劳动力人数将达到291.9～343.8万人，海洋捕捞的劳动力人数为128.5～149.2万人，海洋养殖的劳动力人数为54.3～77.9万人，海洋后勤的劳动力人数为29.1～35.4万人，海洋兼业的劳动力人数为81.3～87.9万人。     

Gully position,characteristics and geomorphic thresholds in an undisturbed catchment in Northern Australia

Gullying is a significant process in the long‐term dynamics and evolution of both natural and rehabilitated (i.e. post‐mining) landscapes. From a landscape management perspective it is important that we understand gully initiation and development, as it is well recognized that catchment disturbance can result in the development of gullies that can be very difficult to rehabilitate. This study examines gully position using geomorphic statistics relating to features such as depth, width and length in a catchment undisturbed by European activity in the Northern Territory, Australia. The results demonstrate that gullying occurs throughout the catchment and that a slope–area threshold does not exist and that gully position broadly follows the catchment area–slope relationship. Simple relationships relating catchment area and slope to gully depth, width and length provide poor results, despite these relationships having been found to apply for ephemeral gullies in cropland. The results suggest that gully initiation thresholds are low as a result of an enhanced fire regime. A threshold model for gully position that uses catchment area and slope to switch between gully and hillslope was evaluated and found broadly to capture gully position. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

增强现实系统中虚拟与现实信息空间视觉匹配的算法研究

本文在对相机成像原理研究的基础上,通过一台数码相机从不同方向拍摄的两幅或两幅以上二维图像,实现实际空间坐标和数码相机像平面坐标的透视变换,建立现实空间坐标系与像素坐标系之间的变换关系,并推导出通过相机校准来确定相机参数的数学过程。通过这个算法可以解决虚实的视觉匹配问题,为增强现实系统提供基本支持。最后还通过实验验证算法的正确性。     

基于普通数码像片的相关系数影像匹配方法探讨

普通数码相机是非量测相机,所获取的像片属于近景像片,但像片没有已知的内方位元素且影像变形大,因此普通数码像片的图像处理比较特殊。针对普通数码像片特点及相关系数计算量大的特点,本文根据试验提出了一种匹配的准确率高、速度快的改进的相关系数匹配方法。试验表明该匹配方法在影像变形较大的情况下有较快的匹配速度和较高的准确度。     

基于小波变换和不变矩匹配的快速人体定位

人体定位是指在图片中确定行人位置的过程.为了提高人体定位的正确率和速度,提出了一种结合小波变换和不变矩匹配的定位方法.首先对图像进行小波变换,提取出图像小波系数;再根据行人模板的系数特征提取出不变矩模板;然后在小波域上通过不变矩匹配实现人体定位.该方法减少了待检区域,降低了计算代价.实验结果表明,该算法识别率达78.6%,测试结果比Oren等人提出的匹配方法提高了26.7%.