Multifractal modeling and spatial statistics

In general, the multifractal model provides more information about measurements on spatial objects than a fractal model. It also results in mathematical equations for the covariance function and semivariogram in spatial statistics which are determined primarily by the second-order mass exponent. However, these equations can be approximated by power-law relations which are comparable directly to equations based on fractal modeling. The multifractal approach is used to describe the underlying spatial structure of De Wijs 's example of zinc values from a sphalerite-bearing quartz vein near Pulacayo, Bolivia. It is shown that these data are multifractal instead of fractal, and that the second-order mass exponent (=0.979±0.011 for the example) can be used in spatial statistical analysis.     

超灵敏加速器质谱计测定^32Si样品制备新技术

介绍了制备元素硅的一种化学方法，它可用于ＡＭＳ装置的离子源。含硅的物质溶解在ＨＦ中，用ＬｉＡｌＨ４把ＳｉＦ４还原成ＳｉＨ４，再将ＳｉＨ４加热分解成元素硅，并且沉淀在石墨盘上，用ＡＭＳ测定ｗ３２Ｓｉ／ｗＳｉ总比值，其灵敏度可达１０＾－１３。     

裂隙岩体渗流与应力耦合的试验研究

通过对较大尺寸的裂隙岩体试块进行不同侧压力和加载条件下的渗流试验结果研究，分析了裂隙岩体渗流与应力的耦合机理，得出了不同应力条件下裂隙岩体渗流量与应力成四次方的关系。并且得出并非压应力都引起裂隙岩体的渗流量减小，当裂隙岩体受平行于裂隙面方向的单向压应力时，渗流量随着压应力的增加而增加。     

流体地质作用的构造效应

许多事实证明，在地壳及地球深部存在着大量的流体，它们以气体、液体、熔融体等形式存在于地球内部不同深度处。这些流体的活动在地壳及岩石圈运动演化过程中扮演着十分重要的角色，其作用贯穿于地壳与岩石圈运动演化的全过程，地球表面形成的各种构造与流体作用的参与有着密切的联系。     

松江河电厂小山水电站导流洞出口边坡稳定性分析

小山水电站导流洞出口边坡其地质结构为下部中侏罗世安山岩（αＪ２），其上覆盖了第三纪末第四纪初的玄武岩（βＮ～Ｑ），两者间为不整合接触，不整合面夹有０．１～０．６ｍ厚的粘土状及碎石粘土状夹层，产状倾向河床，倾角±２５°。在上覆玄武岩层中见有高倾角的宽张裂隙带，与不整合面一起构成松动岩体，不整合面为底滑面。通过边界条件的分析和稳定计算，松动岩体的抗滑系数Ｋ＝３．１０２，边坡是稳定的。在施工过程中采取了相应的安全保护措施，导流洞出口提前２８ｍ进洞，节约挖方量６００００ｍ３，提前了工期。经三年多的施工到运行，边坡无异常变化，表明该项优化设计是可行的。     

The impact of tourism on coastal areas

The manifold influences of tourism on coastal areas are analysed from three different angles: (1) The development of seaside tourism including the changes of socio-economic and settlement patterns; (2) its cultural impact on the local population; (3) its environmental aspects. Point 1 is described with the help of a model showing four peripheries in space and time: (I) the North Sea and Baltic coasts since the 18th century; (II) Southern Europe during the 19th century; (III) the North African shores around 1950; (IV) the tropical oceans after 1965. Within every periphery, several phases (pioneer, domestic, international) can be distinguished according to the origin of tourists, the investment, the know-how etc. While the beginning of every phase is dominated from abroad, later-on national actors play an increasing role. This applies also to point 2, which refers mainly to developing countries. As for point 3, mass tourism may result detrimentally on water supply, sensitive coastal landscapes, socio-cultural identity etc. Among the questions to be raised are: How far are industrial societies responsible for any negative impacts of tourism, and what are the chances for, and a general consciousness on, a sustainable tourism development?     

安徽省江淮地区清水钻进的管井取水效果探讨

本文根据施工实践的结果，综合分析对比了清水钻进与泥浆钻进的管井取水效果，指出清水钻进成井工艺是在现有机具设备条件下提高管井单井取水量的一个重要技术措施。特别是在安徽江淮相对贫水地区，采用清水钻进工艺成井的地质效果尤为明显。     

山谷冰川稳定态时积累区面积比率研究

探讨山谷冰川稳定状态时积累区面积比率，即ＡＡＲ值的大小，认为冰川物质平衡高程分布，平面形态及坡面坡度沿程变化形式是影响山谷冰川稳定态ＡＡＲ值的主要因素，并 山谷冰川稳定态ＡＡＲ值与物质平衡高程分布及平面形态之间的定量关系。山谷冰川适合于应用ＡＲ值法来研究古冰川的零平衡线高程。     

蚀变岩中物质迁移的定量计算：以锡矿山锑矿床为例

本文提出了确定沉积岩蚀变作用过程中的不活动组分的方法，并以锡矿山锑矿床为例，定量计算了蚀变岩中各组分的带入带出量，研究表明：锡矿山锑矿硅化过程中ＴｉＯ２和Ａｌ２Ｏ３为不活动组；ＳｉＯ２，Ｋ２Ｏ，Ｎａ２Ｏ及锑，硫，坤，汞，铅和钡为带入组分；而ＣａＯ，ＭｇＯ，Ｆｅ２Ｏ３，ＭｎＯ及铜，锌为带出组分，锑，钡，硫，ＳｉＯ２和ＣａＯ有较大的带进或带出量，锡矿山锑矿床矿石矿物为单一辉锑矿可能是由于矿液中缺少其它     

土体各向异性的再认识

土体原生和次生各向异性有本质不同。从柔度矩阵的角度分析了弹性和弹塑性理论对各向异性的反映 ;复杂应力状态下砂土真三轴试验结果表明 ,次生各向异性对土体应力应变关系有很大影响 ,是土体特性的本质体现 ,在土工数值分析中应当充分考虑其影响。