华北克拉通基性火山岩高场强元素对Ar-Pt界限及新生代地幔源区特征的示踪

华北克拉通不同时代基性火山岩存在向富集方向演化的趋势,并出现明显的Ａｒ－Ｐｔ界限和新生代异常．元古宙基性火山岩比太古宙富集大部分高场强元素（ＨＦＳＥ）和轻稀土元素（ＬＲＥＥ）,ＲＥＥ分异程度显著增加,而且相容性接近的不相容元素（如Ｎｂ,Ｔａ）的相对不相容性发生了改变．新生代玄武岩ＨＦＳＥ及Ｎｉ高度富集,ＲＥＥ强烈分异,δ（Ｅｕ）值最高．Ａｒ－Ｐｔ界限可能与地幔熔融时物理条件（如氧逸度）的改变和地幔富集作用有关．新生代玄武岩独特的地球化学特征可能主要反映了地幔源区的特殊性———“似ＯＩＢ型”富集地幔,其形成既可能有携带远洋沉积物的俯冲古老玄武岩洋壳部分熔融残余的贡献,也可能有直接循环（如通过拆沉作用）的陆壳物质的贡献,同时还可能涉及了地幔柱活动的影响．     

矿床统计预测单元划分的方法与程序

在矿床统计预测中,如何确定最佳的统计预测单元,目前尚无通用的准则和算法,它的划分往往取决于地质学家对研究区控矿条件的认识,矿化的实际分布殂态及统计预测所采用的评价模型等多种因素。系统功能齐全,基本上满足了资源评价的各种需求,实现了预测单元划分的自动化和智能化。     

东营凹陷油气运聚古地下水动力场剖面数值模拟

本文对东营凹陷油气运聚古地下水动力场剖面数学模型的建立、古水文地质参数的再造、模拟初始值的恢复进行了阐述。在此基础上,进行了东营凹陷油气运聚古地下水动力场剖面数值模拟。模拟结果与已知油田的分布具有较好的一致性。推断的东营凹陷油气聚集有利地段,可以作东营凹陷油气田进一步勘探开发的依据。     

元素地球化学场及其地学意义

有关岩浆花岗岩成因的原地重熔说,揭示了各种化学元素在内生过程中的迁移规律。据此并结合元素在周期表中的位置,得出了元素地球化学场的概念,元素地球化学场不但总结了元素在原地重熔过程中的聚散趋势,而且揭示了元素自身组构与其空间分布规律的关系,展示出三个不同层次的地质断面,即花岗岩体上部和顶部盖层断面,大陆地壳断面及地球球体断面。     

胜利油田火山岩单个包裹体碳同位素

近年来,在我国东部陆续发现了一些二氧化碳气藏,对其成因,不少学者有过讨论, 得出许多重要认识^①。     

西安地区部分古遗址考古地磁研究

通过对陕西耀州窑遗址内4个古窑,临潼兵马俑一号坑,西铜一级公路经过黄堡工地开挖的两个五代窑,以及耀州窑博物馆仓库工地内开挖的一个金代窑和一个春秋窑遗址的古地磁研究,初步得出了西安地区古地磁场变化的规律,为鉴定从春秋到金代西安地区的古遗址、古文物提供了考古地磁学上的一个粗略的标准。     

The complex-image method for calculating the magnetic and electric fields produced at the surface of the Earth by the auroral electrojet

For studying the auroral electrojet and for examining the effects it can produce in power systems on the ground, it is useful to be able to calculate the magnetic and electric fields that the electrojet produces at the surface of the Earth. Including the effects of currents induced in the Earth leads to a set of integral expressions, the numerical computation of which is complicated and demanding of computer resources. An approximate solution can be achieved by representing the induced currents by an image current at a complex depth. We present a simple derivation of the complex-image expressions and use them to calculate the fields produced by the auroral electrojet at the surface of an earth represented by layered conductivity models. Comparison of these results with ones obtained using the exact integral solution show that the errors introduced are insignificant compared to the uncertainties in the parameters used. The complex-image method thus provides a simple, fast and accurate means of calculating the magnetic and electric fields.     

Secular variation of the poloidal magnetic field at the core–mantle boundary

A region of enhanced conductivity at the base of the mantle is modelled by an infinitesimally thin sheet of uniform effective conductance adjacent to the core–mantle boundary. Currents induced in this sheet by the temporally varying magnetic field produced by the geodynamo give rise to a discontinuity in the horizontal components of the poloidal magnetic field on crossing the sheet, while the radial component is continuous across the sheet. Treating the rest of the mantle as an insulator, the horizontal components of the poloidal magnetic field and their secular variation at the top of the core are determined from geomagnetic field, secular variation and secular acceleration models. It is seen that for an assumed effective conductance of the sheet of 10⁸  S, which may be not unrealistic, the changes produced in the horizontal components of the poloidal field at the top of the core are usually ≤10 per cent, but corrections to the secular variation in these components at the top of the core are typically 40 per cent, which is greater than the differences that exist between different secular variation models for the same epoch. Given the assumption that all the conductivity of the mantle is concentrated into a thin shell, the present method is not restricted to a weakly conducting mantle. Results obtained are compared with perturbation solutions.     

包头西6.4级地震前地球物理场特征的研究

通过对包头６．４级地震前较大范围前兆资料的研究,认为一个强烈地震在发生之前,围绕震中区不同区域内,将出现具有不同特点的前兆场异常群。其近场（Δ≤１００ｋｍ）的主要特征是具有较长时间尺度的趋势性异常;中场（１００ｋｍ〈Δ≤２００ｋｍ）的主要特征是趋势和突发性异常并重;而远场（Δ〉２００ｋｍ）则一般无趋势性异常,只有急剧变化的短临异常。