南阿尔金古生代花岗岩U Pb定年及岩浆活动对造山带构造演化的响应

南阿尔金花岗岩锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,西部的且末县南依干村花岗岩体年龄分别为352’4Ma、349’2Ma、343’3Ma,东部的白干湖村北花岗岩体的年龄分别为447’4Ma、444’5Ma、448’2Ma,茫崖镇西花岗岩为444’6Ma、435’4Ma,阿克提山花岗岩为265’2M,柴水沟花岗岩为406’5Ma,常春沟石英闪长岩为469’3Ma,茫崖镇北花岗岩为462’8Ma。根据花岗岩的定年结果,结合岩石地球化学研究,本文将南阿尔金花岗岩类划分出为五期:第1期岩石组合为石英闪长岩+花岗闪长岩+二长花岗岩,具有Ⅰ型花岗岩的属性,时代460Ma;第2期岩石组合为石英二长岩+正长花岗岩+碱长花岗岩,具有S型号花岗岩的特征,时代为435~450Ma;第3期岩石组合为花岗闪长岩+二长花岗岩+正长花岗岩,具有A型花岗岩的属性,时代为404~411Ma;第4期花岗岩组合为花岗闪长岩+二长花岗岩,时代为343~352Ma,具有S型花岗岩的地球化学属性;第5期花岗岩组合为石英闪长岩+花岗闪长岩+花岗岩,具有Ⅰ型花岗岩的地球化学特征,时代为265Ma。根据年代学和岩石地球化学研究结果,结合区域地质特征,我们认为第1期(465~469Ma)花岗岩浆活动可能与洋壳的俯冲作用有关;第2期(435~450Ma)岩浆活动可能属碰撞后岩浆活动;第3期(404~411Ma)岩浆活动可能与板块碰撞后造山带块体均衡调整有关,第4期(343~352Ma)岩浆活动可能与特提斯构造活动有关,第5期(265Ma)岩浆活动可能与阿尔金断裂的活动有关。     

东昆仑造山带中灶火地区早中生代镁铁质岩墙群的成因及地质意义

东昆仑造山带中灶火地区镁铁质岩墙群以闪长玢岩为主,含少量闪斜煌斑岩、辉绿玢岩及辉绿岩,LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb年代学指示该套岩墙群结晶侵位年龄为(249±1)Ma。稀土元素含量整体较高,富集轻稀土元素(∑REE=99.9×10-6~173.9×10-6,(La/Yb)N=3.5~9.3);微量元素表现出富集大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损高场强元素(HFSE)的特征;源区分析表明,镁铁质岩浆为俯冲洋壳析出的流体交代富集地幔的结果,且在岩石成因中部分熔融起到主导作用,地壳混染和分离结晶作用对岩浆成分分异起到的作用有限。构造环境分析表明,岩石的形成与俯冲作用有关,结合区域构造演化认为镁铁质岩墙群的成因为:早三叠世,在古特提斯洋向北俯冲的环境下,俯冲板片释放的流体交代富集地幔,诱发地幔部分熔融形成镁铁质岩浆,受弧后伸展的动力学背景影响,岩浆最终上升侵位形成镁铁质岩墙群。     

内蒙古敖汉旗晚侏罗世满克头鄂博组火山岩地球化学特征及构造背景分析

内蒙古敖汉旗满克头鄂博组火山岩是一套酸性火山熔岩及火山碎屑岩。主量元素分析显示Si O2为69.76%~76.04%,K2O为4.48%~6.78%,Na2O+K2O为7.63%~9.44%,表明满克头鄂博组流纹岩具有高钾钙碱性岩石的特征。LREE/HREEE为10.46~15.87,稀土配分曲线呈轻稀土富集的右倾模式,δEu值为0.10~0.51,负异常明显;富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、U、K、Pb,贫Ba、Sr;亏损高场强元素P、Nb、Ta、Ti。说明满克头鄂博组火山岩属低Ba—Sr酸性火山岩,是下地壳基性火山岩部分熔融,并发生了斜长石、角闪石源区残留或分异结晶而形成的。满克头鄂博组火山岩具有A型花岗岩特征,其形成的动力学机制为蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋闭合造山后的岩石圈伸展环境。     

论南京娘娘山碱性岩浆房的梯度及其成因机制

本文详细研究了娘娘山碱性火山杂岩体中矿物斑晶和化学成分的变化情况,发现它们定位前在岩浆房中就存在着物质成分的梯度和分带性。提出并论证矿物的分离结晶是该岩浆房中梯度形成的主要机制,但由对流所控制的热重力扩散作用对岩浆房中成分梯度的形成也具一定的影响。     

西秦岭温泉花岗岩体岩浆混合作用的地球化学信息

西秦岭温泉岩体是壳、幔岩浆混合的产物。寄主岩石属铝过饱和钙碱性系列，贫CaO富FeOtot,ANKC值大于1．1，NK／A值均小于0．9，富Mo、Sn、Bi、W等高温热液成矿元素及Co、Ni、Cr等亲铁元素，LREE／HREE为10～15。基性端元暗色微细粒镁铁质包体及基性岩墙，富Na2O、K2O，而贫FeOtot，异常富集轻稀土和Ba、Rh、Sr、Zr、Th、Hf、Nb等大离子亲石元素，而贫Co、Ni、Cr等亲铁元素，IREE／HREE为9．98～13．5，异常富轻稀土。由两端元岩浆混合形成的岩浆混合暗色花岗岩，地球化学特征介于两端元间，并有显的过渡特征、双扩散性、均一化和依从关系，反映了重要的岩浆混合信息。     

Cambro-Ordovician Magmatism in SE Brazil: U-Pb and Rb-Sr Ages, Combined with Sr and Nd Isotopic Data of Charnockitic Rocks from the Varzea Alegre Complex

In the central-southern region of Espírito Santo State, southeastern Brazil, several granitoids with a variable composition intruded high-grade metamorphic rocks, in the northern segment of the Ribeira fold belt. A close relationship between hydrous and anhydrous facies is present in some of the plutons, including the Varzea Alegre Igneous Complex, which has an inner domain formed by gabbro, diorite and granite, and an irregular outer ring of charnockitic rocks. These green megaporphyritic charnockites have primary anhydrous mineral assemblage, I-type and metaluminous character, and high-K calc-alkaline signature. U-Pb zircon single crystal ages obtained by TIMS indicate crystallization at about 500 Ma, similar to other late tectonic plutons of this part of the Ribeira belt. Sr and Nd isotopic ratios ranging from 0.7078 to 0.7096 and 0.5114 to 0.5116 respectively, are interpreted to be indicative of a hybrid origin from crustal and mantle-derived magmas. A binary diagram using Sr isotope ratios also demonstrates that the genesis of the charnockites probably included both magma mixing and fractional crystallization processes.     

Extension Model of Crustal Uplifting in Western Shandong

Block faults, as the -dominant tectonic framwork of western Shandong, were formed by the linked extensional fault system through two extensional movements during the Meso-Cenozoic. Both of the extensional movements experienced the same evloutional process: first, the upper crust was pulled apart to form faults; then the Tai-Lu-Yi (Taishan-Lushan-Yishan) fault block occurring in the footwall of the extensional fault was uplifted, which induced the shallow-level detachment movement along the early Precambrian and Palaeozoic unconformity; the " branching" fault in the upper part of the deep-level detachment layer propagated. As the shallow detachment moved towards the north and the deep one towards the south, the Tai-Lu-Yi fault block acted as the common footwall of both the southern and northern detachment systems. The Tai-Lu-Yi fault block rebounded and uplifted as the overlying material was pulled apart to cause an unloading. Sialic material of the mid-crust below the deep detachment flowed to and accum     

Coexisting High- and Low-Calcium Melts Identified by Mineral and Melt Inclusion Studies of a Subduction-Influenced Syn-collisional Magma from South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Mineral and melt inclusions in olivines from the most Mg-richmagma from the southern West Sulawesi Volcanic Province indicatethat two distinct melts contributed to its petrogenesis. Thecontribution that dominates the whole-rock composition comesfrom a liquid with high CaO (up to 16 wt %) and low Al₂O₃ contents(CaO/Al₂O₃ up to 1), in equilibrium with spinel, olivine (Fo_85–91;CaO 0·35–0·5 wt %; NiO 0·2–0·30wt %) and clinopyroxene. The other component is richer in SiO₂(>50 wt %) and Al₂O₃ (19–21 wt %), but contains significantlyless CaO (<4 wt %); it is in equilibrium with Cr-rich spinelwith a low TiO₂ content, olivine with low CaO and high NiO content(Fo_90–94; CaO 0·05–0·20 wt %; NiO0·35–0·5 wt %), and orthopyroxene. Boththe high- and low-CaO melts are potassium-rich (>3 wt % K₂O).The high-CaO melt has a normalized trace element pattern thatis typical for subduction-related volcanic rocks, with negativeTa–Nb and Ti anomalies, positive K, Pb and Sr anomalies,and a relatively flat heavy rare earth element (HREE) pattern.The low-CaO melt shows Y and HREE depletion (Gd_n/Yb_n 41), butits trace element pattern resembles that of the whole-rock andhigh-CaO melt in other respects, suggesting only small distinctionsin source areas between the two components. We propose thatthe depth of melting and the dominance of H₂O- or CO₂-bearingfluids were the main controls on generating these contrastingmagmas in a syn-collisional environment. The composition ofthe low-CaO magma does not have any obvious rock equivalent,and it is possible that this type of magma does not easily reachthe Earth's surface without the assistance of a water-poor carriermagma. KEY WORDS: melt inclusions; mineral chemistry; olivine; syn-collisional magmatism; ankaramites; low-Ca magma     

辽西建昌-凌源地区早侏罗世水泉沟组底部英安岩中斜长石环带特征的解译

辽西建昌-凌源地区早侏罗世水泉沟组底部英安岩中斜长石和角闪安山岩中的角闪石具有环带结构.对斜长石用电子探针分析方法研究,发现较完整的斜长石晶体是由具反环带特征的核部和5个具正环带特征的振荡环带组成,核部与振荡环带之间存在熔蚀面.采用相图和晶体环带样式理论分析得出,核部的反环带指示岩浆中无水矿物结晶使岩浆房中的PH2O增大,熔蚀面代表了PH2O增大到某一临界值导致岩浆房上覆围岩破裂,5个振荡环带反映岩浆房上覆围岩破裂后在岩浆房中心和边缘之间岩浆发生过强对流并最终喷出地表.具环带结构的角闪石的结晶压力(核部(5.8±0.5)×108Pa,边部(4.8±0.5)×108Pa)说明,岩浆房的深度为17.5±1.8km,岩浆房开放前流体超压达到过1×108Pa左右.推断,辽西建昌-凌源地区早侏罗世早期地壳岩石圈上部处于压应力状态,下部处于张应力状态.     

胜利油区花沟气田非烃类气体成因研究

胜利油区花沟气田所含的气体中以 CO2 气体为主要组成 ,CO2 体积分数 φ(CO2 )高达 70 %以上 ,个别井中含有丰富的氮气和氦气 ;在气田的东部和北部为烃类气藏 ,显然这与东邻博兴生烃洼陷、西部火山活动强烈有着成因联系。对气田中 CO2 气体和稀有气体的同位素研究表明 ,δ(13 CCO2 )为 -8.3 0‰～ -3 .41‰ ,φ(He)大于 1% ,φ(3 He) /φ(4He)在 4.45× 10 -6～ 4.49× 10 -6间 ,证明其为岩浆—幔源成因 ;有利于形成 CO2 气藏的大地构造环境是地幔隆起和超壳断裂—岩浆活动带 ;该区 CO2 气藏正位于上新世 -中新世玄武岩分布区内 ,每一期岩浆的侵入和喷出就是一次成气期和可能的成藏期 ,上新世是该区最主要的非烃类气体的成藏期。