Carboniferous subvolcanic activity on the Beara Peninsula,SW Ireland

Magmatic activity associated with the Munster Basin has been more widespread than previously reported. The Munster Basin is a substantial sedimentary basin, and towards the end of its extensional phase of development, at the beginning of the Variscan orogeny in Ireland, numerous intrusions were emplaced into consolidated Upper Devonian and Lower Carboniferous sediments on the Beara Peninsula. One hundred and sixty-four sills and dykes have been mapped which are subalkaline to alkaline in nature. Two separate suites have been identified. The northern suite comprises subalkaline basalts of Cod's Head and Dursey Island which are intruded into Devonian Red Beds, and the southern suite comprises alkali basalts, trachytes and phonolites which crop out along 9 km of the south coast of the Beara Peninsula and are suggested as Brigantian in age. They are intruded into Devonian Red Beds and marine Lower Carboniferous strata and are therefore later than the tholeiitic magmatism on the Iveragh peninsula to the north. The alkaline magmatism on Beara was induced by lithospheric thinning and controlled partly by pre-existing zones of weakness in the Caledonide crust and partly by fracture zones that developed parallel to the Munster Basin margin as it subsided. In contrast to the Iveragh Peninsula, the stretching factor for the Beara lithosphere was never large enough to lead to the production of tholeiitic magmas. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

西藏甲玛铜多金属矿床岩浆混合作用及对成矿的贡献

西藏甲玛铜多金属矿床存在明显的岩浆混合作用,对其研究有助于探测地球的深部过程。本文以构造-岩浆事件理论为依据,根据花岗岩类构造组合特征和成因建立了甲玛矿床所在的冈底斯成矿带的构造-岩浆演化序列,阐述了岩浆混合作用发生的直接原因为岩浆底侵作用,论证了混合岩浆的起源机制(源区继承性),可能为约40%的基性端元(镁铁质岩浆)与约60%酸性端元(花岗闪长质岩浆)在15 Ma左右于源区预混合和就位过程中发生的以机械混合为主的再次混合作用;得出了甲玛矿床成矿流体中的金属元素和S主要来源于岩浆混合作用的幔源铁镁质岩浆,暗示岩浆混合对成矿具有贡献。     

印支期南秦岭西茬河、五龙岩体成因及构造意义

南秦岭西茬河、五龙印支期岩体侵位于中元古代佛坪群变质岩,在五龙岩体南部发育一些暗色包体,它们和寄主花岗闪长岩界限明显或呈渐变关系。笔者对两岩体的岩石学、地球化学、Sr-Nd同位素年代学进行了详细研究。研究结果表明,西茬河与五龙花岗质岩具明显似埃达克岩的地球化学特征:强烈亏损重稀土元素Yb、Y:富集Sr、Ba,高Sr/Y和Y/Yb比值;Eu微弱负异常。表明源区以石榴石、角闪石为主,有少量斜长石。暗色包体富Mg(MgO=4.15%～8.13%)、Cr(14.8μg/g～371μg/g)、Ni(20.0μg/g～224μg/g)及轻稀土和大离子亲石元素,推测起源于地幔组分。两岩体的Sr-Nd同位素组成类似,(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)i=0.70445～0.70645,εNd=-1.50～-3.62,T_(DM)=1.02～1.38 Ga。结合前人的研究,笔者认为:西茬河、五龙岩体可能是由幔源岩浆底侵于壳幔边界,诱发增厚的基性下地壳达到含角闪石的榴辉岩相或麻粒岩相发生部分熔融形成的埃达克质岩浆。两岩体在部分微量元素含量的差异是由受地幔物质混染程度不同造成.其形成代表了秦岭造山带印支期后碰撞造山阶段勉略洋俯冲板块的断离作用.     

内蒙古四子王旗大庙花岗岩体的成因与构造意义

内蒙古中部地区晚古生代花岗岩类侵入岩分布广泛,在空间上构成一条巨大的东西向花岗岩带,是研究花岗岩成因和地壳演化的天然实验室.四子王旗北大庙岩体作为一个典型代表,以花岗闪长岩为主,其内部普遍发育镁铁质微粒包体.对理解花岗岩石成因和演化有重要意义.时包体及其寄主岩进行岩相学研究及矿物化学分析,结果显示:包体具塑性外形及岩浆结构,存在多种不平衡矿物组合,是岩浆混合的重要证据;MME中斜长石斑晶边部与核部An值较低,幔部An值较高,黑云母斑晶MgO边部与核部较低,幔部较高,两种矿物相似的成分变化指示结晶环境的改变,从矿物学角度证实存在基性岩浆的反复注入.黑云母及角闪石化学成分上也显示出岩体形成于造山带背景下,岩浆具壳幔混合的特点.岩体形成温度为650℃～700℃左右,压力为1.5×105Pa左右,氧逸度lgfo2较高,约-10～-15.     

太行山北段中生代岩基及其包体锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素性质及其地质意义

太行山北段出露大规模中生代岩浆岩带,以中酸性岩为主,普遍含有基性微粒包体.锆石的SHRIMP U-Pb年代学研究表明,包体形成于126Ma左右,与寄主岩石大致同时形成.锆石的LA-MC-ICPMS Lu-Hf同位素原位测量研究表明,基性岩来自富集地幔的部分熔融,并遭受了一定程度的地壳混染;主要的中酸性岩基形成于壳幔岩浆混和过程,而岩基中微粒基性包体是经历分离结晶的基性岩浆注入酸性岩浆房中形成.     

The Wide Spread 2 Ga Dyke Activity in the Indian Shield -Evidences from Bundelkhand Mafic Dyke Swarm, Central India and Their Tectonic Implications

The mafic dyke swarms are important feature of the Proterozoic and in parts of some stabilised cratonic areas. The early Proterozoic Bundelkhand massif of Central India is extensively intruded by suites of NW-SE and NE-SW trending mafic and ultramafic dykes. These dykes are mostly dolerites with subordinate pyroxenite, or lamproites, moreover, geochemical signatures of the two compositional types are different for the NW-SE and NE-SW trending suites. ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar age determinations of the dolerite dykes suggest two phases of dyke activity at c.2150Ma and c.2000 Ma in this region. The dolerites are typically tholeiites and quartz normative types represented by Group I and Group II, whilst the ultramafics are komatiite or basaltic komatiite in composition and show an olivine-normative character. Rare earth element (REE) patterns show some enrichment of LREE and exhibit both positive and negative Eu anomalies. Most of the tholeiites display incompatible elements patterns indicative of an enriched mantle source, whilst those of the ultramafics indicate a depleted source. The 2 Ga event is a global event and well documented in various parts of Singhbhum, Aravalli terrane, Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh and Kerala regions of Indian Peninsular Shield and many parts of globe. The genesis of these dyke swarms clearly constitutes a major thermal event affecting the Earth's mantle during that period.     

粤北白垩纪基性岩脉的年代学和地球化学

对粤北白垩纪基性岩脉进行了系统的年代学、元素和Ｓｒ－Ｎｄ同位素地球化学研究。基性岩脉主要形成于－１４０Ｍａ、ｄ－１０５Ｍａ、－９０Ｍａ三个阶段，其化学成分以拉斑质玄武岩为主，高的εＮｄ（Ｔ）值（＋５）表明其母岩来源于一大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素长期较亏损的地幔源。     

小兴安岭东南晚奥陶世鹤林侵入杂岩体成因探讨

小兴安岭东南晚奥陶世鹤林侵入杂岩体岩性变化较大,由角闪辉长岩—(石英)闪长岩—英云闪长岩—二长花岗岩组成,不同岩石类型在野外宏观上呈相互侵入、包裹和渐变的接触关系;在(石英)闪长岩、英云闪长岩和二长花岗岩中均发育微细粒闪长质包体,包体多具明显塑性流变特点的浑圆外形和典型岩浆结构、针状磷灰石及捕获的寄主岩钾长石、石英斑晶,为MME型岩浆混合成因包体;杂岩体相对富集LILE(Ba、Sr、Rb)、HFS(U、Th、Zr、Ce)元素等,显示出壳源特点,而较高的εNd(t)值(-2.38~-3.77)显示以幔源为主的特点。研究表明杂岩体具明显的壳幔岩浆混合成因的岩相学、岩石化学和地球化学特征,形成于基性岩浆底侵作用下的陆缘弧型活动大陆边缘构造环境。     

40Ar–39Ar age and geochemistry of subduction-related mafic dikes in northern Tibet,China: petrogenesis and tectonic implications

The early Permian Xiaomiao mafic dike swarm in the East Kunlun orogenic belt (EKOB) provides an excellent opportunity to study the petrogenesis of such swarms developed in supra-subduction zone environments, and to investigate the early plate tectonic history of the Palaeo-Tethyan Ocean. Hornblende ⁴⁰Ar–³⁹Ar dating results indicate that the mafic dikes formed in the early Permian (277.76 ± 2.72 Ma). The Xiaomiao mafic hypabyssals have the following compositional range: SiO₂ = 46.55–55.75%, MgO = 2.80–7.38%, Mg^# = 36–61, and (Na₂O + K₂O) = 2.87–4.95%. Chemically, they display calc-alkali affinities, ranging in composition from gabbro to gabbroic diorite. All analysed dikes are enriched in light rare earth elements and large-ion lithophile elements (e.g. Rb and Ba), but are depleted in heavy rare earth elements and high field strength elements (e.g. Nb, Ta, and Ti). Their I_Sr and ?_Nd(t) values range from 0.707 to 0.715 and –2.60 to +2.91, respectively. They are geochemically similar to subduction-related basaltic rocks (e.g. island arc basalt), but differ from E-MORB and N-MORB. Petrographic and major element data reveal that fractional crystallizations of clinopyroxene, olivine, hornblende, and Fe–Ti oxides may have occurred during magma evolution, but that crustal contamination was minor. Based on geochemical and Sr–Nd isotopic bulk-rock compositions, we suggest that the mafic dikes were likely generated by 10–20% partial melting of a spinel + minor garnet lherzolite mantle source metasomatized by subducted, slab-derived fluids, and minor sediments. Based on our results, we propose that the early evolution of the Palaeo-Tethyan Ocean involved the spreading and initial subduction of the Carboniferous to early Permian ocean basin followed by late Permian subduction, which generated the magmatic arc.     

湘赣地区中生代镁铁质岩浆作用与岩石圈伸展

综合分析了华南内部中生代 (178～ 80Ma)镁铁质岩石的年代学和元素同位素地球化学特征。研究表明区内主要发育 4期镁铁质岩浆活动 :2 2 0Ma± ,175Ma± ,12 0～ 15 0Ma ,80～ 90Ma ,其中 2 2 0Ma仅在道县发育辉长岩包体。地球化学上区内 175Ma左右的宁远太阳山和赣中项家碱性玄武岩和 80～ 90Ma的镁铁质岩石主要表现为Hawaii OIB玄武岩的元素同位素地球化学特征 ,而175Ma的其他镁铁质岩石表现为岩石圈地幔属性。 12 0～ 15 0Ma的镁铁质岩石则介于岩石圈地幔端员与软流圈地幔端员之间。时、空上表现为以郴州—临武断裂为界 ,西侧自 170Ma左右的EMI型为主向 80～ 90Ma的OIB型为主迁移演化 ,而东侧则自老而新自EMII型 (175Ma)为主演变为以OIB型 (80～ 90Ma)为主。上述资料暗示区内至少存在 4期强烈的岩石圈减薄作用 ,软流圈物质上涌和岩石圈伸展减薄是华南中生代岩浆作用形成的主要机制。但 2 2 0Ma左右的伸展减薄范围局限 ,而较大规模的岩石圈伸展减薄和软流圈上涌始于 178Ma ,其形成可能与华南印支造山作用的后造山 (或后碰撞 )拉张裂解地球动力学背景有关。同时也暗示郴州—临武断裂可能是界定中生代EMI型扬子岩石圈和EMII型华夏岩石圈地幔的重要边界。