旅游景区碳排放绩效及边际减排成本估算

参照方向性环境距离函数与数据包络分析法,结合旅游景区投入产出指标体系,构建了能够综合反映旅游景区碳排放绩效及边际减排成本的评估模型,并以2012—2015年四川省成都市29家景区为研究对象进行分析。结果显示:各旅游景区碳排放绩效存在较大差异,多数景区在低碳经济背景下的可持续发展能力较弱,对应减排空间及潜力较大;多数景区碳排放绩效呈现下滑态势,相应景区主要以游客接待量扩增推进旅游经济发展,忽视了旅游服务产品的增值能力,且并未对游客在景区游览过程中所造成的环境压力有过多重视;不同景区边际减排成本存在较大差异,因而景区减排存在较大优化空间。     

基于气候特征的低碳城市评价指标体系构建

当前低碳城市评价指标体系中对气候因素的影响缺乏深入的研究。基于气候特征,构建了低碳城市评价指标体系框架,建立了基于气候特征的低碳城市评价指标体系。该指标体系充分考虑了气候因素的影响,将低碳城市评价指标区分为受气候直接影响的指标和非气候直接影响的指标,并根据气候影响碳排放的关系框架,建立了包含32项指标的三级评价指标体系。     

空心村综合整治与低碳乡村发展战略探讨

当前以低能耗、低污染、低排放为特征的低碳经济成为全球热点。我国日益加剧的农村空心化带来一系列的不良效应和生态环境问题。开展空心村综合整治,可以通过降低能耗、减少污染、减少排放和增加碳汇4个途径,引领乡村低碳产业发展,重塑农民生产、生活新观念与新模式。在统筹城乡发展和新农村建设的新形势下,深入探讨空心村整治的低碳经济战略,测算空心村整治增地潜力与固碳能力,研究空心村整治过程中的农村能源技术体系,构建空心村整治还林还田创新机制,可为空心村整治实践和低碳乡村发展提供科学决策依据。     

日本鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)土池生物膜原位修复低碳养殖技术的研究

采用水体中设置生物膜净水栅对比实验的方法,在12口土池开展生物膜原位修复技术对土池淡水养殖日本鳗鲡的节水减排、养殖效益及机理的研究。结果表明,在172d的养殖期间,处理组比对照组节水减排78%(P<0.01);处理组的氨氮、NO2-N、CODMn、溶解性正磷酸盐和浊度分别低于对照组31.7%、49.7%、29.6%、24.2%和26.2%(P<0.01);藻类密度的变化幅度及蓝藻相对密度分别低于对照组58.8%、52.6%(P<0.01);净产量、起捕尾重和生长速度分别高出对照组38%、22.7%和27.1%(P<0.01);饲料系数低于对照组14.2%(P<0.01);处理组每公顷池塘增加养殖利润约77.25万元。池塘生物膜原位修复低碳养殖技术具有成本低、节水减排、增产增收、操作简便与易推广等优点,具有广阔的应用前景。     

低碳旅游背景下的世界遗产开发和保护模式研究

低碳旅游是在低碳经济大背景下产生的一种新的旅游形式,是旅游开发与保护一体化的新型可持续发展理念。在分析低碳旅游和世界遗产保护目标的关系以及中国世界遗产保护和利用现状的基础上,将中国世界遗产地低碳旅游发展分为早期、成熟期两个不同阶段,并相应提出两个阶段遗产开发与保护模式,分析两种模式的主要影响因素及采取的相应措施。     

应对气候变化进入历史性新阶段

论述了现代气候变化科学对人类新型发展观的贡献,中国对“发展”的新觉悟与国际发展观的演进相会合,从战略层面提高了对应对气候变化的认识,有力推动了巴黎气候大会的成功。本文归纳了《巴黎协定》所确立的新气候机制的4个要点和会后国际气候谈判面临的5个需要及时深化研究的新问题。中国确立的关于应对气候变化和低碳发展的目标,对创新我国发展路径具有战略意义,本文论述了这些发展目标的科学性。“十三五”是绿色、低碳转型的关键期,提出了需要抓紧做好的5个方面的工作。强调低碳与改善大气质量有很强的协同性,应对气候变化的国内外两个大局是互相促进、互相支持的,做好国内的事是根本。     

From burden-sharing to opportunity-sharing: unlocking the climate negotiations

In conventional thinking on climate negotiations, traditional fossil fuel-based economic growth is coupled with carbon emissions, thus mitigation has been regarded as a burden on economic growth. The scarcity within the global emission budget and the interpretation of climate change as ‘global public goods’ have led climate change negotiations into a burden-sharing deadlock. However, some recent economics studies suggest that mitigation could actually promote local economic growth opportunities; consequently increasing the incentives for unilateral mitigation actions. This article highlights the implications for the strategies of unlocking the climate negotiations deadlock. Following an explanation of how climate change negotiations have led to a burden-sharing game and have become a deadlock, some new ways of thinking (based on the emerging literature) are used to suggest how mitigation could promote local economic growth.Policy relevanceOne policy implication is the need to change the current mindset in global climate change negotiations. The current framing of burden-sharing can be abandoned in favour of opportunity-sharing. This more positive approach will stimulate progress on climate action. Therefore, green growth should be situated at the heart of post-2020 climate change regime. A new two-track architecture is proposed for achieving the transformation as a combined top-down and bottom-up approach. A lower legally binding target based on equity principles of common but differentiated responsibilities (CBDR) could form a more politically realistic and inclusive basis for participation. To complement this, a green growth club would promote a higher voluntary global ambition and accelerate mitigation.     

环渤海地区海洋低碳经济发展路径研究

低碳经济是世界经济发展的总趋势。当前,环渤海地区海洋低碳经济面临着制度建设缺位、产业结构失衡、科技研发困难等三大突出问题。为此,该地区海洋低碳经济的发展必须从完善制度法规、统筹产业规划、提升技术实力等三个方面夯实发展基础,从而为我国发展低碳海洋经济提供不同的发展路径。     

Pow Choon-Piew's contributions to urban China studies

This commentary serves as a tribute to the late Pow, a remarkable scholar in urban geography and urban studies, summarizing his contributions to urban China studies. It aims to showcase the way in which Pow's work manoeuvred adroitly with an implicit comparative gesture—building a bridge between situated Chinese cases and wider theoretical debates in urban studies in order to enrich both domains. The essay then summarizes Pow's work in the field of urban China studies by focusing on two most emblematic topics that he delved into in great depth, i.e., gated communities and eco-city developments. The final section develops a brief quantitative analysis of the impact that Pow's work has generated. Using the software packages CiteSpace and HistCite, I unpack how his publications are cited and used by scholars, journals, and different areas of research.