四川绿水洞矿区构造特征及其控煤作用

绿水洞煤矿区位于华蓥山滑脱褶皱带之华蓥山复式背斜中偏北段,晚二叠世成煤盆地同沉积构造控制了煤层的沉积和分布,华蓥山滑脱构造演化及大巴山逆冲推覆叠加作用使得该区煤层赋存形态复杂化,区内北东向褶皱和断裂导致地层陡倾直立至倒转、层位缺失或重复、煤厚减薄或增厚,同时隐伏小断层发育,对煤层开采影响大,建议开展井下物探工作。     

论层间滑动断层及其控矿作用——以山东胶莱盆地北缘金成矿带为例

近年在山东胶莱盆地的北缘发现了一种新的金矿类型———层间滑动角砾岩型金矿。研究表明该类矿床赋存于中生代盆地盖层与变质基底接触带附近的低角度层间滑动断层中 ,该断层带具有延伸大、低角度、倾向滑动和层带结构等特征。主要工业矿体受层间滑动构造角砾岩带控制。低角度层间滑动断裂带为金矿成矿提供了十分有利的构造和物理化学条件     

豫西熊耳山青岗坪金矿床特征及其稳定同位素研究

青岗坪金矿为缓倾式构造蚀变岩型金矿床,具产状干缓、矿体薄、品位高、延伸长的特点。成矿物质主要来源于花山花岗岩,是燕山期花岗岩浆活动的产物,具有大中型矿床成矿条件。     

胶东牟平-乳山成矿带拆离断层控矿特征及找矿方向

通过对比牟乳成矿带和其西部变质核杂岩区金矿床的控矿构造、成矿时代、地球化学特征可知,这些金矿床具有同构造、同成矿期、同物质来源的特点,控矿构造同为拆离断层,其中牟乳成矿带为拆离断层上盘发育的,一系列近似平行且等间距的NNE向的断层控矿.预测在牟乳成矿带下部,即在拆离断层附近可能存在品位更高、厚度更大的矿床.     

Structure and geochronology of the southern Xainza-Dinggye rift and its relationship to the south Tibetan detachment system

The Xainza-Dinggye rift is one of several north-south trending rifts in central and southern Tibet created by Cenozoic east-west extension during Indo-Asian convergence. The southern part of the rift cuts through the Tethyan and High Himalayas. In the Tethyan Himalaya, this rift consists of an early domal structure and a late normal fault developed during the progressive deformation. The dome is cored by leucogranitic plutons that intruded during extension. Muscovite ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages of the mylonitic leucogranite indicate that extension in the Tethyan Himalaya began at 8 Ma or before. In the High Himalaya, the rift is controlled by a normal fault dipping to the southeast. This fault has a structural constitution similar to a detachment fault. Its lower block is made up of mylonitic High Himalayan gneiss, intruded by early mylonitic leucogranite sills and late less-deformed biotite-bearing leucogranite dikes. Mica ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages of these leucogranites and the retrograded metamorphosed gneiss of the lower block range from 13 to 10 Ma. In the study area, the south Tibetan detachment system (STDS) is a ductile shear zone composed of mylonitic leucogranite that is intruded by less-deformed leucogranite and overlain by low grade metamorphic rocks. Mica ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages of leucogranites in the shear zone and schist from the detachment hanging wall indicate a protracted deformation history of the STDS from 19 to 13 Ma. The Xainza-Dinggye rift is younger than the STDS because it offsets the STDS; this north-south trending rift belongs to a different tectonic system from the east-west striking STDS, and may be caused by geological process related to India–Asia convergence. This temporal and spatial relationship of the STDS to the rift may indicate an important change in tectonic regime at 13 Ma in the building of the plateau.     

Mineralization and Ore-controlling Implications of Low-angle Faults

Low-angle faults include those occurring in thrust-nappe structures in a compressive setting and the detachment of metamorphic core complexes in an extensional setting. All low-angle faults have their own particularities. The low-angle fault plays an important role in controlling over some endogenetic metallic ore deposits. Based on studies of the Xiaoban gold deposit, Xinzhou gold deposit, and Longfengchang polymetallic ore deposit, and comparisons with other mines, the authors conclude the ore-controlling implications of low-angle faults as follows. (1) Because of high temperature and high pressure, as well as strong ductile deformation, the internal energy of the elements rises in the large-scale deep ductile low-angle faults, which causes the elements to activate and differentiate from the source rocks, forming ore-bearing hydrothermal solution, and bring mineralization to happen. (2) When rising from depths and flowing along the low-angle faults, the ore-bearing hydrothermal solution will alter and     

大巴山前陆带东段神农架地区构造变形研究

神农架地区位于大巴山前陆弧形构造带东段, 以阳日断裂为界, 可分为北带基底拆离带和南带神农架隆起, 北带以E -W走向的基底拆离和盖层滑脱为特征, 古生界盖层褶皱紧闭; 南带神农架隆起周缘的盖层变形特征各异, 北缘变形较弱, 东缘变形很强, 其西、南周缘发育特征的裙边状褶皱构造, 南缘裙边褶皱以枢纽大角度倾伏为典型特征。古构造应力场反演结果显示, 该区主要受控于近S -N向主压应力作用; 受到神农架、黄陵两个隆起相向对挤作用, 神农架隆起东缘主压应力方向为NW -SE向, 两个不同方向的应力场可能均与早燕山期大巴山强烈的陆内造山作用有关。综合分析和对比结果显示, 大巴山前陆构造带东段的构造演化历史经历了印支雏形期和早燕山定型期两个构造演化阶段, 神农架基底隆起对大巴山前陆弧型构造带的形成起到了限制作用, 神农架地区的构造变形研究对于探讨大巴山前陆弧形带的形成和演化具有重要的指导意义。      

慢速-超慢速扩张洋中脊热液活动及其机理

海底热液系统是地球热量平衡的重要组成,也是地球化学循环和成矿作用发生的主要场所,与洋中脊系统在空间上具有很强的联系。慢速-超慢速扩张洋中脊中确认的活跃热液喷口数量约占全球总数量的三分之一,查明热液发育位置及发育岩性与岩浆-构造活动的耦合关系,对于研究海底热液活动演化过程和海底找矿具有很好的指示意义。本文将全球慢速-超慢速扩张洋中脊中已确认的活跃热液活动进行统计分类,其中受岩浆活动控制的热液活动有29处,而受构造活动控制的热液活动有15处,相对于快速-中速扩张洋中脊显示出较强的构造相关性。研究发现,岩浆作用控制下的热液活动集中在洋中脊轴部中央裂谷内,而构造主控型热液活动常发育在非转换不连续间断和拆离断层系统内。随着大洋核杂岩成熟,热液活动位置向着离轴方向迁移,并且热液类型由高温"黑烟囱"型向低温弥散流型转变。     

南秦岭隆滑构造

在南秦岭,发生于加里东─—海西期的隆滑构造,由基底杂岩、滑覆层状岩系和其之间的滑脱构造带组成。它是主选山期前,在盆地演化过程中,由地慢上隆,导致基底减压深熔,并局部隆起,并引起上覆层状岩系分层滑脱所形成的一套地质要素组合。它与形成于主造山以后的“变反核条岩”在造山带演化过程的动力学意义有着本质的区别。     

Seismic structure and response of ocean-continent transition zones – A comparison of an ancient Tethyan and a present-day Iberian site

The tectonic interpretation of basement structures in seismic reflection profiles from ocean-continent transitions (OCT) of magma-poor rifted margins is notoriously difficult due to the scarcity of borehole information. Low-angle intra-basement reflections are frequently interpreted as detachment faults, and in certain locations the drilled top of the basement is interpreted as exhumed detachment fault. The seismic expression of such detachment faults is, however, poorly understood. We address this problem by comparing synthetic seismic data from the Tasna OCT, an exposed remnant of a Tethyan margin, with seismic reflection data from Hobby High, a drilled basement high within the west Iberian margin. Both sites are widely considered as being representative of OCT zones. Their geological similarity and the complementary nature of the data enable us to perform a detailed investigation of the seismic structure and response of these OCT zones. This provides insights into the seismic imaging of OCT zones in general and the tectonic evolution of the associated detachment systems in particular. On the basis of the Tasna OCT models and their seismic responses we have identified some potential characteristics of intra- and top-basement detachments: (i) variable amplitudes and numerous diffractions from the top of exhumed subcontinental mantle, (ii) a continuous and strong reflection imaging the top of exhumed lower crustal rocks, and (iii) a weak and discontinuous reflection of inverse polarity representing a shallow intra-basement crust-mantle detachment. Similar features are consistently observed at geologically equivalent positions in the seismic data from Hobby High and may thus serve as guidelines for interpretation of seismic data from un-drilled OCT zones.