Emission-line CCD imaging of three southern symbiotic stars

Symbiotic stars that are strong radio sources and have cool dust emitting in the infrared are expected to have extended emission nebulae around them. In order to search for such emission nebulae, we have carried out CCD imaging of three symbiotic stars (R Aqr, RR Tel and H1-36) with narrow-band filters centred at the emission lines of [O III] λ5007, Hα λ6563, [N II] λ6584, [S II] λ6717 + 6731. RR Tel and H1-36 images do not show any extended nebulosities around them. The CCD image of the R Aqr nebulosity in the high excitation [O m] line is different from its image in Hα and the low excitation lines of [N II] and [S II] indicating ionization-stratification in the nebula. In H1-36 the optical nebulosity (if it exists) is smaller than ∽2 arcsec while the radio image size is known to be large (∽5 arcsec). This behaviour is opposite to that seen in R Aqr in which the radio emission comes from the core region of a much larger optical nebulosity. Interstellar and/or circumstellar extinctions are suggested to be responsible for this difference     

浙闽沿海早白垩世玄武岩锶、钕、铅同位素特征——古老富集型地幔的证据

浙闽沿海大面积出露的中生代酸性火山岩区有少量早白垩世玄武岩分布,它们具典型钾富集和铌等元素亏损特征,其同位素组成表现为较高ISr(0.7055-0.7106)、低的εNd(1.2--10.6,大多介于-3.2--10.6之间)及富放射性成因铅(²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb=18.355-18.726,²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb=15.455-15.799,²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb=38.530-39.319).这些特征表明玄武岩源区为一富集型的陆下岩石圈地幔,由古老的俯冲地壳物质再循环进入并交代地幔而形成。没有证据表明本区早白垩世基性和酸性岩浆之间发生过大规模的化学混合,但不排除同位素之间的交换以及局部的化学和机械混合。壳-幔混合与地壳混染仅在少数玄武岩的形成过程中起着较重要的作用。     

哈密土墩矿区高光谱影像蚀变矿物识别初步研究

文章以哈密土墩矿区为例,利用航空高光谱HyMAP数据,从单矿物光谱与混合像元光谱之间的相似概率和模型化参数出发,发展了基于光谱混合组成的极大相关高光谱矿物识别方法,初步识别出该区与成矿关系密切的6种蚀变矿物及其空间分布趋势,并为野外地质工作与薄片鉴定所证实。该研究初步表明,高光谱遥感可为地质学中矿物的空间分布研究提供有用的新技术。     

影像测量仪的光学成像误差分析及计算

对光学影像测量仪的光学成像误差,特别对摄像镜头的畸变误差进行了研究。运用标准模版标定法,计算出镜头成像的各项畸变参数,分析了畸变误差大小及其分布状况。应用畸变参数对测量结果进行校正,结果表明,径向畸变较大,切向畸变和薄棱镜畸变较小,且图像中心区域畸变很小,边缘畸变增大。在精密测量中需要考虑到畸变的影响,并对所测得的图像坐标进行修正。     

浅表层水合物多频率数据成像特征

浅表层水合物对于理解冷泉系统以及水合物对环境变化的响应非常重要。由于赋存位置较浅,且赋存的范围一般较小,目前尚缺乏探测浅表层水合物的系统方法。以南海珠江口盆地东部海域GMGS2-08站位为例,综合利用多个不同频率的数据刻画浅表层水合物的赋存。所用的数据包括多道地震数据(主频65 Hz)、初次高频浅剖(22 kHz)以及二次低频浅剖数据(4 kHz)。多道地震上似海底反射(BSR)以不连续的方式出现,表明局部地层受到向上运移流体的扰动。在浅剖剖面上,识别出声空白、增强反射以及弱振幅海底等冷泉系统相关的特征。多道地震剖面上海底反射表现为两个非常接近的强反射轴(相距约16 ms),这与正常的海底反射特征不一致。计算表明,海底反射中第2个强反射轴对应的界面深度大约在海底以下12 m处。二次低频浅剖剖面上,气烟囱的顶部出现在海底以下大约13.5 m处。考虑到计算中存在的误差,认为气烟囱的顶部对应了海底反射中第2个同相轴。此外,根据地震以及浅剖数据识别出的界面与浅表层水合物样品的深度(海底以下9~22 m)以及声波测井曲线上高速异常的深度(海底以下9~22 m)是一致的。综合利用多频率数据成像能够有效的刻画浅表层水合物的赋存,并能对其形成过程推测。     

成人多发胆管错构瘤的CT和MRI诊断?

目的：探讨成人多发胆管错构瘤的CT、MRI特点,以提高对该病的影像认识及诊断水平。方法：回顾性分析12例经穿刺活检病理证实的成人多发胆管错构瘤的临床及影像资料,总结其影像学特征。结果：胆管错构瘤的CT平扫表现为肝实质多发低密度灶,弥漫或散在分布,境界模糊,形态多样,病灶直径多小于15 mm,增强扫描无明显强化;MRI扫描T1WI序列病变信号低于正常肝实质,T2WI序列病灶显示更清晰,呈明显高信号,病变数量多于CT和T1WI平扫,增强扫描多数病灶无强化,少量病灶呈结节状或轻度环状强化;磁共振胰胆管造影（MRCP）图像显示肝内多发类囊状高信号灶,沿胆管树分布,与胆管树不相通。结论：成人多发胆管错构瘤的CT、MRI具备一定特征性,但仍需与Caroli病、肝脏囊性转移瘤、多发肝囊肿、多囊肝等肝脏囊性病变鉴别。     

Imaging artefacts of artificial diving waves in reverse time migration: cause analysis in the angle domain and an effective removal strategy

In areas with strong velocity gradients, traditional reverse time migration based on cross-correlation imaging condition not only produces low-frequency noise but also generates diving wave artefacts. The artefacts caused by diving waves have no typical low-frequency characteristics and cannot be eliminated by simple high-pass filtering approaches. We apply the wave-field decomposition imaging condition to analyse the causes of false images in reverse time migration by decomposing the full wave-field into up-going and down-going components in the angle domain. We find that artificial diving wave imaging artefacts, which are generated by the cross-correlation between the up-going source and down-going receiver wave-fields in areas with strong velocity gradients, arise at large angles. We propose an efficient strategy by means of the wavelength-dependent smoothing operator to eliminate artefacts from artificial diving waves in reverse time migration. Specifically, the proposed method provides more reasonable down-going wave-fields in areas with sharp velocity constructs by considering the factor of varying seismic wavelengths during wave propagation, and the artificial components of diving waves are eliminated in a straightforward manner. Meanwhile, the other wave-field components that contribute to true subsurface images are minimally affected. Benefiting from a smoothed velocity, the proposed method can be adapted to the traditional reverse time migration imaging frame, which reveals significant implementation potential for the seismic exploration industry. A salt model is designed and included to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.     

基于ARX的扫描地形图的自动纠正

提出了顾及扫描分辨率和格网点分布的自动识别格网点方法,利用CAD提供的ISMAPI函数库,采用VC 编程,对扫描的地图影像实现像素级自动纠正,提高了纠正精度和自动化程度,并可适应影像非均匀变形的情况.     

湘南西山两江口高钾钙碱性火山岩的成因分析

两江口火山岩Rb-Sr年龄为154 Ma,以高K2O/Na2O,K2O+Na2O>6%为特征,属于亚碱性高钾钙碱性系列岩石;岩石稀土元素及大离子亲石元素富集,有较明显的铕负异常(δEu=0.50~0.70);Nb,Ta,Ti和P亏损,具有岛弧型岩石的微量元素配分模式,属板内钾质岩石;较高的SiO2、较低的ε Nd (t)(-7.7~-7.6)和相对低的t DM (平均为1499 Ma)表明岩浆主要来源于地壳,但有少量地幔物质参与;其形成与该区中生代软流圈上升、岩石圈伸展-减薄有关.     

成像光谱遥感技术及其在地质中的应用

成像光谱遥感技术作为20世纪80年代初发展起来的新型遥感技术,代表了遥感定量化的发展方向。概述了当前成像光谱遥感技术的发展和应用现状,探讨了成像光谱数据的特点及其处理技术方法,并介绍了其在地质领域的应用。