高效液相色谱-紫外光谱法建立3,5-二硝基苯甲酸工业品的色谱指纹图谱

建立了3，5-二硝基苯甲酸工业品的高效液相色谱-紫外光谱的指纹图谱。首先，在Kromasil C18色谱柱上，以水-甲醇-0．10％高氯酸水溶液（体积比为25：45：30）为流动相，流动相流速1．0mL／min，检测波长254nm，对3，5-二硝基苯甲酸及其相关杂质进行了分离分析。在此基础上，通过运行大量样品，筛选共有组分，绘制具有共同特性的指纹图谱。根据待测样品色谱峰的保留时间、紫外光谱及其色谱峰面积，与色谱指纹图谱进行分析对比，建立了控制3，5-二硝基苯甲酸产品质量的新方法。该方法在产品含量测定方面结果准确、可靠，在产品质量控制方面直观、方便。阐述了“整体性”和“明确性”是精细化工中间体指纹图谱的基本属性和发展方向。     

套管隔离液在巨厚松散层套管起拔中的应用

通过分析当前巨厚松散层套管起拔存在的问题，从套管设计、起拔工艺及抑制地层水化等各方面，均提出新的措施和解决方案，经实践证明是可行的。     

Influence of drizzle on Z–M relationships in warm clouds

This paper addresses the sensitivity of the relationships between radar reflectivity (Z) and liquid water content (M) for liquid water clouds to microphysical drizzle parameters by means of simulated radar observation at a frequency of 3 GHz of modeled cumulus clouds. A power law relationship for non drizzling clouds with water content as high as 3 gm^− 3: Z_c = 0.026 M_c^1.61 is numerically derived and agreed with previous empirical relationships relative to cumulus and stratocumulus. This relationship is then used to explore the influence of drizzle on the correlation between radar reflectively and water content. Due to their large diameters with respect to cloud droplets, drizzle sized drops dominate radar reflectivity but do not carry the cloud water content so that reflectivity and liquid water content are expected to be not correlated in clouds containing drizzle. It is shown that for congestus or extreme congestus cumuli, microphysical conditions for which the Z_c–M_c relationship can be used with a tolerance of 5 and 10% are provided whereas for humilis or mediocris cumuli, the presence of drizzle breaks down the Z_c–M_c relationship whatever the situations.     

AVR单片机在水准仪数字化改造中的应用

利用低功耗、高性能的AVR单片机作为系统的数据处理主控单元,结合光照灵敏度较高的图像传感器和具有汉字显示的图形点阵液晶显示设备,对传统光学水准仪进行数字化改造,设计了硬件电路和软件编程,通过实验测试,提高了水准测量的精度。     

Experimental study of ore gabbro liquid immiscibility

The magma immiscibility is that an originallyuniform magma split into two liquids with differentcompositions and properties because of the changes oftemperature, pressure and composition in the mag-matic processes. The phenomenon is ubiquitous in thenature and industrial production. For example, magmaimmiscibility has been widely regarded as the mainmechanism of formation of the Cu-Ni sulphide depositAs early as the 1920s, some geologists[1] noted that anon-silicate magma, which is mainly com…     

Influence of liquid bridges on the mechanical behaviour of polydisperse granular materials

We investigate a polydisperse granular material in which the particle interactions are governed by a capillary force law. The cohesion force for a grain‐pair with unequal diameters is expressed as an explicit function of the inter‐particle distance and the volume of the liquid bridge. This analytical relation is validated by experiments on a reference material. Then, it is completed by a rupture criterion and cast in the form of a force law that accounts for solid contact, capillary force and rupture characteristics of a grain‐pair. Finally, in order to evaluate the influence of capillary cohesion on the macroscopic behaviour, radial and axial compression tests on cylindrical assemblies of wet particles are simulated using a 3D distinct element method. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Scavenging Efficiency of ‘Aerosol Carbon’ and Sulfate in Supercooled Clouds at Mt. Sonnblick (3106 m a.s.l., Austria)

Cloud water and interstitial aerosol samples collected at Mt. Sonnblick (SBO) were analyzed for sulfate and aerosol carbon to calculate in-cloud scavenging efficiencies. Scavenging efficiencies for sulfate (_SO) ranged from 0.52 to 0.99 with an average of 0.80. Aerosol carbon was scavenged less efficiently with an average value (_AC) of 0.45 and minimum and maximum values of 0.14 and 0.81, respectively. Both _SO and _AC showed a marked, but slightly different, dependence on the liquid water content (LWC) of the cloud. At low LWC, _SO increased with rising LWC until it reached a relatively constant value of 0.83 above an LWC of 0.3 g/m³. In the case of aerosol carbon, we obtained a more gradual increase of _AC up to an LWC of 0.5 g/m³. At higher LWCs, _{_} remained relatively constant at 0.60. As the differences between _SO and _A varied across the LWC range observed at SBO, we assume that part of the aerosol carbon was incorporated into the cloud droplets independently from sulfate. This hypothesis is supported by size classified aerosol measurements. The differences in the size distributions of sulfate and total carbon point to a partially external mixture. Thus, the different chemical nature and the differences in the size and mixing state of the aerosol particles are the most likely candidates for the differences in the scavenging behavior.     

河南省嵩县大坪银-铅-锌多金属矿床地质特征及找矿标志

通过工作实践认为，大坪银-铅-锌多金属矿床是火山喷流沉积一后期热液叠加改造富集的块状硫化物多金属矿床。区域上NWW-SEE向晚元古-早古生代形成的裂谷型二郎坪蛇绿岩套是本区找矿的最佳区段，具四个含矿层位。矿化、矿石、矿物、元素等成矿作用要素具明显分带特征，并与火山作用及喷流作用有关。区域构造、同生断裂及岩浆作用为重要控矿条件，而硫化物层、重晶石层、硅质岩是银-铅-锌矿床的重要找矿标志。     

建筑结构利用TLCD减振的神经网络智能控制

本文提出了建筑结构利用调谐液体柱型阻尼器（ＴＬＣＤ）减振的神经网络智能控制方法。首先阐述了确定ＴＬＣＤ半主动控制策略;然后利用ＢＰ人工神经网络方法计算并控制ＴＬＣＤ隔板孔洞的面积,以调节和控制阻尼比＆Ｔ,实现对建筑结构的智能控制。地震作用下的数值分析表明,本文所述的方法是十分有效的。     

中国部分煤储层解吸特性及甲烷采收率

根据常压下的解吸实验和煤层气参数井实测数据分析,我国煤的解吸特笥变化较大,解吸率主要受煤层埋深及煤级的影响。最侍解吸深度一般在４００～６００ｍ之间,镜质体反射率小于３％时,随煤级的升高而增大;大于３％时,则相反。我国煤储层的吸附时间长短琚煤级没有特定关系,但在某些地区工层的含气量高低有关,甲烷含量低则吸附时间长,尤其是小于８ｍ＾３／ｔ时急剧增长。从现有资料看,我国煤储层的吸附时间一般不超达９ｄ。煤