Social license and the fear of Mineras Interruptus

This review article offers a critique of the social license concept, and of the debate surrounding it. In order to best understand what is meant by “social license”, one must look beyond its constituent terminology and instead examine the core drivers of contemporary mining practice. The working assumption inside the industry is that if disapproval becomes too intense there is a chance that members of the community will interrupt mining activities. This is what I refer to as ‘the fear of Mineras Interruptus’. If there is any meaning to attribute to the term ‘social license to operate’ – it is to be found in the fear of losing access – because other factors relating to social performance or benefits are considered peripheral. The author argues that the mining industry’s adoption and application of the concept should be viewed critically and not promoted on face value.     

基于多源数据的县域主导功能类型划分及其空间结构模式识别

研究县域主导功能类型并分析空间结构模式对区域全面、协调、可持续发展的引导和规划调控具有重要意义。本文以广东省为例,利用K-means聚类分析对其124个县域单位主导功能区类型进行划分;基于腾讯位置大数据,利用位序—规模法则构建空间结构指数,并结合遥感数据对不同主导功能县域的空间结构模式进行识别和分析。研究表明：① 利用统计、遥感、社交媒体以及夜间灯光等多源数据和K-means聚类方法进行县域主导功能区分类,分类结果能客观反映区域特征,广东省县域主导功能可分为生态主导型、农业主导型、工业主导型、中心服务型和均衡发展型5类;② 基于腾讯位置大数据的位序—规模法则方法能够突破城市尺度,结合遥感数据定量分析,可用于中观县域尺度的空间结构模式识别研究;③ 农业主导型和生态主导型县域空间结构指数均值都大于1,呈单中心空间结构特征趋势;工业主导型县域空间结构指数均值小于1,呈多中心空间结构特征趋势;均衡发展型县域空间结构指数均值接近1,不同地区均衡发展型县域所呈现的空间结构特征存在差异;④ 不同主导功能县域之间的空间结构模式差异明显,生态主导型县域多呈单中心极核式,农业主导型县域多呈单中心极核+散点式,均衡发展型县域多种模式并存特征明显,而工业主导型县域呈多中心网络分布模式。     

干旱区城镇主导产业选择模型及评价体系分析与实证——以新疆鄯善县为例

根据干旱区城镇区域的特色,干旱区城镇在进行主导产业的选择时必须遵循生态保护原则.依据此原则,以新疆干旱区城镇鄯善县为例,在数据较易获取的基础上,建立了适用于干旱区城镇进行主导产业选择的Weaver-Thomas模型及其评价的指标体系,运用MATLAB软件进行计算.结果表明:石油和天然气开采业、黑色金属冶炼及压延加工业为...     

京津主导产业选择与优化研究

利用主成分分析法,对2007年京津64个制造业部门和14个第三产业部门进行综合评价,并结合京津的发展阶段和未来发展方向,对京津的主导产业进行了选择。结果表明,北京主导产业应以电子信息产业、石化产业、装备制造业、医药制造等知识密集型的高新技术制造业和房地产业、租赁和商务服务业、信息传输、计算机服务等高端服务业为主;天津以发展汽车制造业、设备制造业、钢压延加工业和炼钢等临海型产业为重点。     

Grounding mobile policies: Ad hoc networks and the creative city in Bandung,Indonesia

This paper explores the ad hoc networks that form to move policies to new sites by examining the process through which the city of Bandung, Indonesia adopted a creative city policy. As revealed through the Bandung case, attention to the formation of these networks highlights the way that power operates within them, privileging certain ideas and structuring the ways in which information flows through their channels. This insight suggests that the concept of policy mobilities would be enriched by a closer attention to the way power is used to construct networks that promote specific policies and places as sites of ‘best practice’. Furthermore, this paper extends the concept of policy mobilities to a city ‘off the map’. In contrast to most existing policy mobilities research that tends to focus on the stable, large‐scale networks through which policies travel and on the high‐profile cities constructed as policy models, the case of Bandung provides a study of how policy mobilities may occur differently outside of its well‐established locations.     

长江中游城市群“文—旅”产业融合发展的空间效应及驱动机制研究

“文—旅”产业融合发展为产业结构高质量转型、空间统筹优化和区域经济韧性提升赋能。在由“宏观—中观—微观”三维尺度复合而成的城市群“文—旅”产业融合发展理论基础上,论文构建了城市群“文—旅”产业融合发展评价指标体系,以长江中游城市群为研究对象,借助耦合协调模型和极化指数模型对2010—2019年区域“文—旅”产业融合发展水平进行测算并分析其空间效应,并探究该区域“文—旅”产业融合发展的驱动机制。结果显示：① 长江中游城市群“文—旅”产业融合发展的各子系统间具有较强的互动关系,但多数城市暂未达到良性发展状态;② 研究期内,长江中游城市群“文—旅”产业融合发展的空间效应表现出“极化效应”显著、“回程效应”与“扩散效应”微弱的特征;③ 长江中游城市群“文—旅”产业融合发展在空间上呈现以“武汉—长沙—南昌”为核心的“核心—边缘”结构;④ 长江中游城市群“文—旅”产业融合发展是在资源禀赋基础力、居民消费需求力、基础设施保障力、规模效益催动力、人力资源潜在力、经济发展拉动力“六力”共同驱动下形成的。最后,根据长江中游城市群“文—旅”产业融合发展现状,提出强化区域联动、瞄准核心驱动力等针对性建议,推动长江中游城市群区域一体化建设和地方经济高质量发展。     

Energy markets,capital inertia and economic instrument impacts

Despite the importance of emissions trading and energy taxes to the EU and national climate strategies, limited research exists on their impact on emissions from the perspective of industry sectors targeted by economic instruments. This article contributes to redressing this deficit by critically analysing whether economic instruments applied within the UK provide sufficiently strong price incentives to overcome barriers to investment in energy-intensive sectors created by the capital and finance costs of replacing ‘legacy’ infrastructure and fluctuating base energy prices. Results from a survey of 189 companies from the cement, aluminium and chemicals sectors and 23 interviews with sector associations and businesses from these and other energy-intensive industries indicate that economic instruments have raised awareness of energy efficiency but have had a minimal impact on investment decisions. EU-wide economic instruments such as the EU emissions trading scheme have yet to be fully tested but may encounter similar difficulties. On this basis, we argue that economic instruments may need to be complemented by more interventionist programmes focusing on large-scale investment in energy modernization and we also discuss how economic instruments can contribute to this agenda.     

论找矿突破中的科技引领作用

从当前找矿工作的难度和需求、科技引领找矿突破的重要性、科技创新在实现找矿突破过程中的作用和地位、科技引领工作的主要任务,以及创新科技引领找矿突破工作机制等几个方面论述了找矿突破工作的科技引领作用,以期对推进找矿突破战略行动有所裨益.     

中国省区间制造业空间格局演变

针对改革开放以来中国经济发展不均衡的客观事实,刻画了经济空间结构的中心-边缘特征,并对中心-边缘结构下的省区间制造业分布差异进行了分析和实证检验。研究发现,1978 年改革开放以来区域发展的中心-边缘结构日益显著,表现出明显的东部沿海偏向型。随着改革开放的深入,产业布局逐渐符合省区间的发展优势,产业在中心与边缘省区间的分异格局日益显著,中心省区逐渐专业化于中间投入需求较大、最终需求比重较高、规模经济特征显著以及劳动力密集与人力资本密集等产业,边缘省区则与此相反并且逐渐专业化于高能耗产业,传统比较优势理论与新经济地理学都在一定程度上有力地解释了国内产业空间分布。东西部地区间的中心-边缘结构某种意义上具有不可逆性,各地区工业化不同步将是长期趋势,产业在中心与边缘省区间的显著分异格局与演变特征表明东西部省区间产业发展的差异不仅仅体现为当前空间分布的不同,更意味着未来各个省区内部产业结构演变轨迹的差异。     

世界空港经济发展模式研究

随着经济全球化不断深入、竞争不断加剧,快速反应的物流形式——航空物流在国际货运中的地位不断提高,由航空物流派生出来的航空商务已成为新的经济增长点,发展航空经济已成为世界各国的热点。本文在界定空港经济定义的基础上,分析了产业对空港经济的适应性,总结了全球四种空港经济的产业发展模式,并在宏观层面上提出了空港经济的固层结构,在微观层面上剖析了两种不同的空港经济布局模式。