水中痕量铅的高灵敏度测定新方法的研究

本文研究了微晶萘吸附Ｐｂ（Ⅱ）—５—Ｂｒ—ＰＡＤＡＰ显色新体系的最佳实验条件。沉定分离洗涤后溶解于丙酮，在波长５６０ｎｍ处测定其吸收光度。在５ｍｌ丙酮溶液中铅含量ｐ（Ｐｂ）／（　μｇ·ｍｌ￣－１）在０—５范围内符合比尔定律，表现在尔吸光系数为５．６×ｌ０￣４Ｌ·ｍｏｌ￣１·ｃｍ￣－１。方法用于水中痕量铅的测定，结果满意。     

铅－铁－三溴偶氮胂－邻菲罗啉混合多核络合物显色反应的研究及其应用

铅－铁－三溴偶氮胂－邻菲罗啉共显色反应是由于生成多核络合物所致，在实验条件下，５ｍｉｎ显色反应完成，吸光度至少稳定６ｈ，其最大吸收峰在６３０ｎｍ处，对Ｐｂ的表观摩尔吸光系数为９．２×１０￣４Ｌ·ｍｏｌ￣（－１）·ｃｍ￣（－１），符合比尔定律的浓度范围是０～０．３２μｇ／ｍｌＰｂ。方法灵敏度高、选择性好，已成功地应用于硫铁矿和工业废水中痕量Ｐｂ的测定。     

Metallurgy at the Crossroads: New Analyses of Copper-based Objects at Tianshanbeilu, Eastern Xinjiang, China

Tianshanbeilu is the largest Bronze Age site in eastern Xinjiang, China. Stretching across the entire second millennium BC, it performed a prominent role in connecting the Hexi corridor, Central China and the steppe. A further insight into the metallurgical tradition and the metal supply network is of vital importance to improve our understanding of its multi-connected nature. This paper offers a new set of chemical and isotopic data on the copper-based objects at Tianshanbeilu, including alloying elements, trace elements (impurities) and lead isotopes. Combining the concentrations of arsenic and antimony reveals that arsenic was introduced to copper partially due to the use of specific minerals tethrahedrite-tennantite. Lead isotopes demonstrate that multiple sources of copper were employed at Tianshanbeilu and a majority of them are characterized by common lead, which appears rather different from those of the Central Plains and the Hexi corridor, but highly consistent with local ores. Surprisingly, one object at Tianshanbeilu contains the well-known highly radiogenic lead. This object undoubtedly marks the westernmost boundary of the distribution of the highly radiogenic lead. We also anticipate that more lead isotopic analyses in NW China will further contribute to the study of the highly radiogenic lead in Central China.     

龙门山南段宝兴至荥经地区铅锌矿的成矿条件和成矿模式

通过龙门山南段宝兴至荥经地区区域地质、铅锌矿化特征的研究，划分矿化类型，着重分析区域成矿地质条件，提出“层─盆─破─热”是本区层控型铅锌矿形成的基本因素。总结出铅锌矿在本区形成时间有“三个高峰期”，空间集中于“一带两弧”的时空分布规律。在分析不同矿化类型成矿模式的基础上，建立了区域综合理想成矿模式，为本区找矿靶区和预测区的确定奠定了坚实基础。     

Recent sedimentary records from the Arabian Sea

An attempt is made to understand the redox conditions that prevailed in the north eastern continental margins of the Arabian Sea and in the nearby deep water regions during the past few centuries using short undisturbed sediment cores. The geochronology is accomplished using²¹⁰Pb excess method and the proxy indicators chosen for productivity and associated redox changes are CaCO₃, organic matter (OM), Mn and U along with major elements Fe and Al. Such changes in principle are related to high productivity in the overlying waters which in turn depend on monsoonal intensity that causes upwelling responsible for increase in productivity. Alongwith the published data on gravity cores from the same region, our measurements suggest the following: At ∼ 300 m water depth, south of 21°N, the sediment-water interface at depths of ∼ 300 m had been anoxic during the time span represented by the presently studied cores for approximately ∼ 700y as evidenced by low Mn/Al (< 0.7 × 10⁻²) and high U/Al (> 10⁻⁴) weight ratios. In some adjacent deeper regions, however, the environment turned oxic around ∼ 200 y BP. Whereas both Mn and Ra were lost to the overlying waters in the anoxic regions (depth ∼340m), the Mn that diffused from deeper sections appears to have mineralized at the sediment-water-interface. Studies of this type on long undisturbed cores from the margins of the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal, involving several proxies and geochronology by more than one method are needed to understand short term environmental (and monsoonal intensity) changes of the recent past with high resolution.     

化探样品中微量铅、锡、铬、钼和钴的发射光谱法同时测定

本文以CdCl_2·2.5H_2O为反应剂,采用“下垫上滴”缓冲刺的装样形式,通过大量镉盐的蒸发控制电极温度,使被测元素预先分馏,有效地改善了它们的蒸发行为,同时,减小了基体效应、光谱背景。本法其有良好的精密度和准确度,各元素的检出限(×10~(-5))分别为:Pb(1),Sn(0.37),Cr(1.8),Ni(3.51,Mo(0.1)和Co(0.38),其相对标准偏差(RSD)为±3.7—9.5%     

安徽省东至县查册桥金矿地质特征及硫铅同位素示踪

东至县查册桥金矿位于扬子陆块北缘,矿床规模达中型。为了解成矿物质来源,对查册桥金矿矿石进行了硫、铅同位素分析。结果显示:δ(34S)变化范围为1.8×10~(-3)～18.1×10~(-3),平均值为11.09×10~(-3),较集中分布在10×10~(-3)～15×10~(-3)之间,分布宽泛;矿石硫化物矿物206 Pb/204 Pb值介于17.954～19.748之间,207 Pb/204 Pb值介于15.608～15.786之间,208 Pb/204 Pb值介于38.107～39.411之间,它们的μ值9.43～9.77;ω值32.63～38.83;w(Th)/w(U)值介于3.31～3.93,Δβ值18.45～30.06;Δγ值22.96～57.97。硫、铅同位素特征表明查册桥金矿床成矿物质主要来源于上地壳,其形成与陆内造山作用和岩浆作用密切相关。     

Comparison of Silver and Gold Inquarting in the Fire Assay Determination of Palladium/Platinum and Rhodium in Geological Samples

The classical lead fire assay is still the most important method for the pre-concentration and separation of Ag, Au and some of the platinum-group elements (PGE) in the analysis of geological materials. The most frequently used fire assay procedure is the determination of Au, Pd and Pt with Ag as collector. When Au is used instead of Ag as a collector, Pd, Pt, Rh and possibly Ir can also be determined. In this study the recoveries by Au and Ag collectors, also called inquarts, were compared in the fire assay analysis of Pd, Pt and Rh in geological reference materials. The amount of gold to be added was optimised. Variable recoveries were obtained with Ag inquart for Rh, but a 2 mg inquart of Au gave good recoveries for all three of these elements in the analysis of reference samples of different geological materials. A procedure, alternative to scorification, to overcome interferences caused by base metals in the cupellation step is presented. The procedure involves cutting the Pb button into pieces and analysing the pieces separately. Prior to this, a homogeneity study of the lead button was made, and it showed that Pd, Pt and Rh were evenly distributed in the Pb button. All determinations were made using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES).     

内蒙古十八倾壕金矿床铅同位素组成的构造学意义

十八倾壕金矿有两种类型矿体：糜棱岩型矿体和石英脉型矿体。糜棱岩型矿石Pb同位素组成以低放射性成因铅为特点：^206Pb／^204Pb为16．63～17．45，^207pb／^304Pb为1531～15．48，^208Pb/^204Pb为36．52～38．85；在铅的动力学演化曲线上非常接近幔源铅演化模式曲线；与区域上典型的韧性剪切带型金矿——后石花金矿的铅同位素组成一致，是早元古代晚期(2040Ma)韧性剪切变质变形作用的产物。石英脉型矿石Pb同位素组成以高放射性成因铅为特点：^206Pb／^204Pb为18.23～19．74，^207Pb／^204Pb为15．69～15．89，^208Pb／^204pb为38．64～40．13；在铅的动力学演化曲线上非常接近上地壳铅演化的模式曲线；与区域上典型的燕山期岩浆热液型金矿——东伙房金矿以及燕山期花岗岩的铅同位素组成一致，是燕山期岩浆热液型金矿化。十八倾壕金矿是两次小同性质成矿作用叠加的结果。这从Pb同位素组成上证明了笔者曾经提出的关于该矿床叠加构造控矿的观点。     

铅芯叠层橡胶支座基础隔震结构双向地震反应分析

本文对铅芯叠层橡胶支座双向耦合恢复力模型进行了改进，采用基础隔震结构动力分析程序DABIS对铅芯叠层橡胶支座基础隔震结构进行了单向及双向地震反应对比分析。结果表明，在单向和双向地震作用下，基础隔震结构的加速度反应和位移反应较为接近，但在双向地震作用下，支座的最大位移明显大于单向地震作用时的支座最大位移，因而在确定支座最大位移时应考虑双向地震作用的影响。