文化经济视角下景迈山芒景村布朗族山康茶祖节的重构

在现代社会,文化变迁遵从资本逻辑,节庆的重构受到经济导向的影响。论文以云南省景迈山芒景村布朗族的“山康茶祖节”为研究对象,于2015年1月、2016年4月、2017年4月、2018年1月进行了4次田野调查,采用参与式观察和非参与式观察与当地居民、政府工作人员、外地游客共计38人进行深度访谈,探讨了节庆重构的过程与机制。研究发现：山康茶祖节重构了布朗族2大文化体系,即茶祖文化和茶魂文化。节庆蕴含的文化成为市场经济中的文化符号,产生了经济价值,经济成为地方文化形成的外部驱动力,“在地者”民族文化认同成为地方文化形成的深层内部驱动力。节庆表征了当地民族文化,促进了茶经济的发展,改善了“在地者”的生活,山康茶祖节成功地将文化与经济融合起来,丰富了节庆的内涵。研究探讨了传统节庆在经济导向下的文化重构,深入揭示了节庆的内涵演变,有助于扩展传统节庆的理论研究。     

Time to talk knowledge

As part of the secondary school qualification repackaging, the Ministry of Education has requested the geography education community define what constitutes their “critical body of knowledge.” In this article, I discuss three knowledge‐oriented themes focused on: (a) recent assessment trends in geography; (b) the predictive value of NCEA Level 3 geography with 100‐level success and (c) the nature of knowledge as expressed by the New Zealand Curriculum and assessment. Taken together, these themes suggest a need for a serious conversation about knowledge in school geography, as a pre‐cursor to the re‐design of the geography standards matrix.     

REVIEWS OF GEOGRAPHIC SOFTWARE

Geographic Software Reviewed in this article: LIFE TABLES and the LESLIE MATRIX. CONDUIT MENTMAP2 . Lawrence W. Carstensen Jr . PC-MATLAB , Version 1.0. The Math Works, Inc. QUICKMAP , version 1.0. Sammamish Data Systems, Inc. SYSTAT: THE SYSTEM FOR STATISTICS , Version 2.1, Systat Inc. USA DISPLAY . Instant Tecall     

CALCUTTA'S HAND–PULLED RICKSHAWS: CULTURAL POLITICS AND PLACE MAKING IN A GLOBALIZING CITY*

For more than a century, hand‐pulled rickshaws have been a prominent part of Calcutta's cityscape. Under the veil of modernization, progress, and globalization, however, the government of West Bengal State declared that rickshaws cause traffic congestion and constitute an exploitative use of human labor. Yet, despite the government‐imposed ban, rickshaws continue to ply the streets of central Calcutta. Based on interviews with rickshaw owners, operators, public officials, and local residents, we examine the cultural politics surrounding rickshaw pulling in Calcutta. This article shows that the rickshaw wallahs (pullers), who operate as part of the informal economy, provide an expansive range of services not limited to transportation. Indeed, the rickshaw wallahs form an integral part of Calcutta's social fabric, having made a place for themselves by facilitating social interaction and challenging hegemonic ideas and practices about who belongs where.     

River Views of Beginning Pre-service Teachers: Content Knowledge Use

Abstract

How beginning teachers organize themselves to teach new or unfamiliar topics is an important issue for research. This paper discusses information about rivers in pre-service teachers' lessons taught to fourth grade students. Lessons were videotaped and transcribed for analysis. The data consisted of all information about rivers found in the lessons. Lesson content was analyzed for accuracy, coherence, centrality, over-simplification, and undue emphasis.

Seven kinds of problems with lesson content occurred because the beginning teachers lacked sufficient knowledge about rivers. Inaccurate information was either presented or allowed to stand unchallenged in the lessons. The lessons lacked coherence, because the beginning teachers tended to make passing references to concepts. About twice as many of the lesson concepts were peripheral to the study of rivers, the problem of centrality. The relationships between some river-related ideas were misunderstood or ignored. Both physical and human geography concepts were consistently over-simplified. The recreational use of rivers was consistently over-emphasized.     

A modified binary space partitioning tree for geographic information systems

We present a reactive data structure, that is, a spatial data structure with detail levels. The two properties, spatial organization and detail levels, are the basis for a geographic information system (GIS) with a multi-scale database. A reactive data structure is a novel type of data structure catering to multiple detail levels with rapid responses to spatial queries. It is presented here as a modification of the binary space partitioning tree that includes the levels of detail. This tree is one of the few spatial data structures that does not organize space in a rectangular manner. A prototype system has been implemented. An important result of this implementation is that it shows that binary space partitioning trees of real maps have O(n) storage space complexity in contrast to the theoretical worst case O(n² ), with n the number of line segments in the map.     

2001-2010 年安徽省县域经济空间演化

选择安徽省2001-2010 年县域人均GDP为研究指标,综合运用G指数、经济重心、标准差椭圆以及灰色G(1, 1)模型对县域经济的空间演化进行分析预测,最后结合位序规模原理,对空间差异的机理进行分析.总体上安徽县域经济表现出微弱的空间集聚分布态势,呈现出“南北低中间高”、“西低东高”的空间分布格局.县域经济重心在117.57°~117.6°E,31.67°~31.76°N之间变动,有向东南方向移动的趋势.标准差椭圆总体上变化幅度不大,基本上以省会经济圈为核心,范围覆盖了皖江城市带大部分地区,县域经济的空间分布呈现出西北—东南格局,并且这种格局有向正北—正南方向转变的趋势.安徽县域经济满足位序规模原理,其发展状况呈低水平分散均衡型.资源禀赋与交通区位、中心城市发展状况、区域政策是导致安徽省县域经济空间差异的主要原因.     

基于ESDA的福建省私营经济空间格局及其影响机制探析

以2004和2008年福建省各区县私营企业密度为指标变量,以福建省84个县级行政单位为基本单元（金门县除外）,借用ESDA全局和局部空间自相关分析方法和GIS技术,通过构造空间权重矩阵,从空间关联的角度探讨福建省私营经济空间异质性、相似性和空间分布模式．研究表明：福建省私营经济空间分布呈现出显著的自相关特征,空间集聚特...     

FDI理论与区位决策研究述评

外商直接投资(Foreign Direct Investment, FDI) 理论与区位决策已成为多个学科的热点研究领域。自Hymer 垄断优势理论诞生以来, FDI 理论发展迅速, 1980 年代前, FDI 理论主要集中于对发达国家FDI 行为的研究, 并形 成了FDI 理论主流学说。之后新兴工业化国家FDI 的不断繁盛催生了研究发展中国家的FDI 理论。但无论发达国 家的主流FDI 理论还是发展中国家的新兴FDI 理论, 都只能在特定范围、特定时期某种程度上解释某些国家(地 区) 的FDI 行为。已有FDI 理论远没有满足现实需求, 系统和成熟的FDI 一般理论框架还有待建立。FDI 区位决策 研究有局部均衡和一般均衡分析两类。局部均衡分析早期注重传统因素对FDI 区位的影响, 近年更关注集聚经济 和区域一体化因素的作用。但如何精确测度集聚经济及将其与传统因素分离还有待深入研究。一般均衡分析理论 上是FDI 区位决策的理想研究框架, 但实际操作中存在缺乏理论基础和恰当的实证规范等问题。     

国际经济地理学研究的知识图谱分析

基于Web of Science核心数据库收录的1982－2020年7 260篇期刊论文及其参考文献,借助CiteSpace绘制国际经济地理学的知识图谱,梳理该领域的知识基础、研究热点和研究前沿。结果发现：1）知识基础的演进轨迹遵循了新区域主义——制度、社会、文化、演化转向的时序变化,21世纪以来,关系、演化经济地理学下的经典文献成为主要的知识来源。2）研究热点突出,创新和增长始终是研究核心,近年来韧性、全球生产网络、金融地理、全球城市、不平等、企业家精神等成为新的研究热点。3）研究前沿具有较强的问题导向,主要基于西方发达国家的产业发展实践。4）研究空间呈现英美主导的两级格局,大部分国家仍处于边缘地带。5）国际经济地理学呈现明显的数字转向、可持续转型趋势,新冠疫情对学科走向也有一定影响。借鉴国际研究经验,中国经济地理学应加强理论创新并提出具有中国实践特色的理论体系,同时推动多学科之间的交叉融合并加强从社会学视角解读社会经济活动的地理学意义。