INFLUENCE OF INTERACTION BETWEEN LOW AND MIDDLE LATITUDES ON ENSO VARIABILITY IN THE CANE-ZEBIAK MODEL*

In this paper,an error source in the atmospheric component of the CZ(Cane-Zebiak) model is discussed,which is missing a free mode in "the exact solutions".However,the improved scheme is proposed,which is the computational scheme with adjusted wind or observed u and v as lateral boundaries.The simulations show that the simulated surface wind by the improved scheme strongly bears resemblance to the observation except for the area near the west and the east boundaries of the integrated area.These results support the conclusion that the wind stress simulated by the improved scheme with lateral boundaries is much better than that simulated by the CZ model,and show that interaction between low and middle latitudes has an important influence on the ENSO variability in the CZ model.Therefore,considering its impact on the CZ model can improve capability of the CZ model for simulating ENSO variability.     

新疆地区强震前地磁低点位移异常的特点及其与构造活动的联系

对地磁垂直分量日变低点位移异常与１９８５年以来新疆ＭＳ≥５．０地震相对应的震例进行了分析研究．结果表明,该区的地震活动和地磁低点位移异常都有其独特之处,并与其孕震的内、外环境因素有着密切联系．     

不同地形下辐射收支各分量的差异与变化

给出了确定山区辐射收支各分量的方法,并根据计算结果分析了在不同纬度和季节各种地形下辐射收支各分量的差异及其随坡地倾角或谷地周围地形遮蔽角的变化规律。     

Progressive sequence of reactions of the Ryoke metamorphism in the Yanai district, southwest Japan: the formation of cordierite

The compositions of biotite and muscovite were examined in terms of the paragenesis and the metamorphic grade in low- to medium-grade pelitic rocks of the Ryoke metamorphism in the Yanai district, southwest Japan. The biotite and muscovite that coexist with K-feldspar have a higher K component in an A'KF diagram than those in rocks lacking K-feldspar. This fact reflects an increase in the K₂O content in muscovite, but in biotite it reflects an increase of not only the K₂O content but also of the octahedral vacancy.
At higher metamorphic grade beyond the cordierite isograd, where cordierite coexists with neither chlorite nor K-feldspar, the biotite shows an increase in illite, K Aliv □xii−1 Si−1, and Tschermak components, Alvi Aliv R+−1 Si−1, where □xii and R+ denote the interlayer vacancy and (Fe+Mg+Mn), respectively. A reaction to define the cordierite isograd is proposed by treating this chemical change as being responsible for the first appearance of cordierite, i.e. K,Al-poor biotite+phengitic muscovite=K,Al-rich biotite+cordierite+quartz+water .By treating this as a key reaction in medium-grade metamorphism, a set of reaction in a progressive metamorphism is established for the Ryoke metamorphism, a typical low-pressure type metamorphism. Some textures in one of the high-grade areas, the K-feldspar-cordierite zone, suggest that a further two prograde reactions have taken place, i.e. andalusite+biotite+quartz=cordierite+K-feldspar+water
and   andalusite=sillimanite.quartz=cordierite+K-feldspar+water
This implies that this zone probably has a P–T  path involving isobaric heating.     

稳健协同克立格因子分析及其在化探中的应用

稳健协同克立格因子分析集稳健统计、协同克立格和因子分析的优点于一体,可同时研究多个变量不同方向的结构差异及变化性,用该方法研究次生晕指示的结构特征可在一定程度反映原生晕的特征,揭示其深层次信息．对团结沟金矿区次生晕分析表明：在矿产预测中矿床原生晕组合标志并不适用于次生晕及分散流的研究,本方法对大（中）比例尺次生晕、分散流与原生晕的信息转换和关联有独到之处．     

用遗传算法反演各向异性介质弹性参数

研究了用遗传算法来反演各向异性介质的弹性常数。首先概述遗传算法的基本原理,然后以横向各向同性介质的一维模型反演为例,重点讨论了交换概率、更新概率、变异概率和控制温度对反演收敛速度的影响。为改进收敛性能,反演中利用模拟退火法中的控制温度对目标函数作尺度变换,并采用了层剥离技术。对有噪及二维情形也作了考虑。计算表明遗传算法反演是一种良好的非线性反演方法。     

Component在流域管理信息系统设计中的应用

介绍了Component的概念、特征,并以Windows操作系统下的OLEComponet为例,从对象分析、对象结构,到对象构造,介绍了Component在流域管理信息系统设计中的应用.     

1968—2017年湖南省冰雹时空分布特征

基于湖南省92个站点1968—2017年冰雹观测资料,采用回归分析、小波分析、主成分分析等方法,研究了湖南冰雹时空分布特征。结果表明,湖南近50年冰雹天气年际下降趋势显著,近20年来有记录的冰雹天气发生频次明显降低。湖南初次降雹的时间都集中在1—3月。冰雹月季变化显著,一年中以3月冰雹最多,2月的次之,从5月份起雹日骤然减少。春季是降雹最多的季节,占雹灾总数的56.06%,冬季的次之,夏季和秋季冰雹发生频率分别仅为全年的2.53%和0.69%。年冰雹日数主要存在4~5 a和19 a左右的振荡周期,20世纪90年代前还存在明显的9~10 a的振荡周期。各季节冰雹日数振荡周期不一。湖南冰雹空间分布呈自湘西北向湘东南递减的规律,年冰雹日数的空间分布特征与春季、冬季冰雹分布特征相似。湘北和湘中地区冰雹天气年际变化以下降趋势为主,湘南地区其气候趋势变化不明显。对湖南近50年冰雹日数进行主成分分析的前3个主要模态,在空间向量场上分别呈现出全省一致型、地势主导型和南北呼应型。     

海温与鲁西南夏季降水分析及在长期预报中的应用

本文对北太平洋海温与鲁西南夏季降水关系进行相关分析建立１２个相关场，得出赤道海域，黑潮海域和北太平洋海域三大主要优势相关区。选出３５个预报因子进行主成份分析，应用前１０个合成主成份变量建立预报方程，收到了较好的预报效果。     

Environmental influences on temporal patterns of settlement in two littoral labrid fishes in the Mediterranean Sea

Correlations between daily fish settlement and environmental and physical parameters were examined during two consecutive years in two labrid species (Symphodus roissali and Symphodus ocellatus) in the NW Mediterranean Sea. Both these species have a short planktonic larval duration (12±0.3 and 9±0.4 days, respectively) and limited offshore larval dispersal. Time-series analysis was used to compare the daily settlement patterns with various environmental variables, and non-linear generalized additive models (GAM) were used to examine the relationship between environmental conditions averaged over larval period and daily settlement patterns. Settlement was not uniform and took place as pulses of different length. Although the analyses detected a few significant correlations between day-to-day patterns in environmental variables and settlement (e.g. solar radiation, atmospheric pressure, daytime or nocturnal wind components), these were not consistent among years. In S. ocellatus, however, wind components (daytime or nighttime) explained part of the variance in settlement intensity. The correlations (GAM outputs) observed between settlement patterns and environmental variables (averaged during the whole planktonic period) suggest that calm weather during the planktonic period usually increases settlement success.